[](https://search.maven.org/search?q=g:net.openid%20appauth) [](http://javadoc.io/doc/net.openid/appauth) [](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/actions/workflows/build.yml) [](https://codecov.io/github/openid/AppAuth-Android?branch=master) AppAuth for Android is a client SDK for communicating with [OAuth 2.0](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749) and [OpenID Connect](http://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html) providers. It strives to directly map the requests and responses of those specifications, while following the idiomatic style of the implementation language. In addition to mapping the raw protocol flows, convenience methods are available to assist with common tasks like performing an action with fresh tokens. The library follows the best practices set out in [RFC 8252 - OAuth 2.0 for Native Apps](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8252), including using [Custom Tabs](https://developer.chrome.com/multidevice/android/customtabs) for authorization requests. For this reason, `WebView` is explicitly *not* supported due to usability and security reasons. The library also supports the [PKCE](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7636) extension to OAuth which was created to secure authorization codes in public clients when custom URI scheme redirects are used. The library is friendly to other extensions (standard or otherwise) with the ability to handle additional parameters in all protocol requests and responses. A talk providing an overview of using the library for enterprise single sign-on (produced by Google) can be found here: [Enterprise SSO with Chrome Custom Tabs](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DdQTXrk6YTk). ## Download AppAuth for Android is available on [MavenCentral](https://search.maven.org/search?q=g:net.openid%20appauth) ```groovy implementation 'net.openid:appauth:<version>' ``` ## Requirements AppAuth supports Android API 16 (Jellybean) and above. Browsers which provide a custom tabs implementation are preferred by the library, but not required. Both Custom URI Schemes (all supported versions of Android) and App Links (Android M / API 23+) can be used with the library. In general, AppAuth can work with any Authorization Server (AS) that supports native apps as documented in [RFC 8252](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8252), either through custom URI scheme redirects, or App Links. AS's that assume all clients are web-based or require clients to maintain confidentiality of the client secrets may not work well. ## Demo app A demo app is contained within this repository. For instructions on how to build and configure this app, see the [demo app readme](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/app/README.md). ## Conceptual overview AppAuth encapsulates the authorization state of the user in the [net.openid.appauth.AuthState](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/AuthState.java) class, and communicates with an authorization server through the use of the [net.openid.appauth.AuthorizationService](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/AuthorizationService.java) class. AuthState is designed to be easily persistable as a JSON string, using the storage mechanism of your choice (e.g. [SharedPreferences](https://developer.android.com/training/basics/data-storage/shared-preferences.html), [sqlite](https://developer.android.com/training/basics/data-storage/databases.html), or even just [in a file](https://developer.android.com/training/basics/data-storage/files.html)). AppAuth provides data classes which are intended to model the OAuth2 specification as closely as possible; this provides the greatest flexibility in interacting with a wide variety of OAuth2 and OpenID Connect implementations. Authorizing the user occurs via the user's web browser, and the request is described using instances of [AuthorizationRequest](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/AuthorizationRequest.java). The request is dispatched using [performAuthorizationRequest()](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/AuthorizationService.java#L159) on an AuthorizationService instance, and the response (an [AuthorizationResponse](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/AuthorizationResponse.java) instance) will be dispatched to the activity of your choice, expressed via an Intent. Token requests, such as obtaining a new access token using a refresh token, follow a similar pattern: [TokenRequest](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/TokenRequest.java) instances are dispatched using [performTokenRequest()](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/AuthorizationService.java#L252) on an AuthorizationService instance, and a [TokenResponse](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/TokenResponse.java) instance is returned via a callback. Responses can be provided to the [update()](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/AuthState.java#L367) methods on AuthState in order to track and persist changes to the authorization state. Once in an authorized state, the [performActionWithFreshTokens()](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/AuthState.java#L449) method on AuthState can be used to automatically refresh access tokens as necessary before performing actions that require valid tokens. ## Implementing the authorization code flow It is recommended that native apps use the [authorization code](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-1.3.1) flow with a public client to gain authorization to access user data. This has the primary advantage for native clients that the authorization flow, which must occur in a browser, only needs to be performed once. This flow is effectively composed of four stages: 1. Discovering or specifying the endpoints to interact with the provider. 2. Authorizing the user, via a browser, in order to obtain an authorization code. 3. Exchanging the authorization code with the authorization server, to obtain a refresh token and/or ID token. 4. Using access tokens derived from the refresh token to interact with a resource server for further access to user data. At each step of the process, an AuthState instance can (optionally) be updated with the result to help with tracking the state of the flow. ### Authorization service configuration First, AppAuth must be instructed how to interact with the authorization service. This can be done either by directly creating an [AuthorizationServiceConfiguration](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/AuthorizationServiceConfiguration.java#L102) instance, or by retrieving an OpenID Connect discovery document. Directly specifying an AuthorizationServiceConfiguration involves providing the URIs of the authorization endpoint and token endpoint, and optionally a dynamic client registration endpoint (see "Dynamic client registration" for more info): ```java AuthorizationServiceConfiguration serviceConfig = new AuthorizationServiceConfiguration( Uri.parse("https://idp.example.com/auth"), // authorization endpoint Uri.parse("https://idp.example.com/token")); // token endpoint ``` Where available, using an OpenID Connect discovery document is preferable: ```java AuthorizationServiceConfiguration.fetchFromIssuer( Uri.parse("https://idp.example.com"), new AuthorizationServiceConfiguration.RetrieveConfigurationCallback() { public void onFetchConfigurationCompleted( @Nullable AuthorizationServiceConfiguration serviceConfiguration, @Nullable AuthorizationException ex) { if (ex != null) { Log.e(TAG, "failed to fetch configuration"); return; } // use serviceConfiguration as needed } }); ``` This will attempt to download a discovery document from the standard location under this base URI, `https://idp.example.com/.well-known/openid-configuration`. If the discovery document for your IDP is in some other non-standard location, you can instead provide the full URI as follows: ```java AuthorizationServiceConfiguration.fetchFromUrl( Uri.parse("https://idp.example.com/exampletenant/openid-config"), new AuthorizationServiceConfiguration.RetrieveConfigurationCallback() { ... } }); ``` If desired, this configuration can be used to seed an AuthState instance, to persist the configuration easily: ```java AuthState authState = new AuthState(serviceConfig); ``` ### Obtaining an authorization code An authorization code can now be acquired by constructing an AuthorizationRequest, using its Builder. In AppAuth, the builders for each data class accept the mandatory parameters via the builder constructor: ```java AuthorizationRequest.Builder authRequestBuilder = new AuthorizationRequest.Builder( serviceConfig, // the authorization service configuration MY_CLIENT_ID, // the client ID, typically pre-registered and static ResponseTypeValues.CODE, // the response_type value: we want a code MY_REDIRECT_URI); // the redirect URI to which the auth response is sent ``` Other optional parameters, such as the OAuth2 [scope string](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-3.3) or OpenID Connect [login hint](http://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html#rfc.section.3.1.2.1) are specified through set methods on the builder: ```java AuthorizationRequest authRequest = authRequestBuilder .setScope("openid email profile https://idp.example.com/custom-scope") .setLoginHint("jdoe@user.example.com") .build(); ``` This request can then be dispatched using one of two approaches. a `startActivityForResult` call using an Intent returned from the `AuthorizationService`, or by calling `performAuthorizationRequest` and providing pending intent for completion and cancelation handling activities. The `startActivityForResult` approach is simpler to use but may require more processing of the result: ```java private void doAuthorization() { AuthorizationService authService = new AuthorizationService(this); Intent authIntent = authService.getAuthorizationRequestIntent(authRequest); startActivityForResult(authIntent, RC_AUTH); } @Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { if (requestCode == RC_AUTH) { AuthorizationResponse resp = AuthorizationResponse.fromIntent(data); AuthorizationException ex = AuthorizationException.fromIntent(data); // ... process the response or exception ... } else { // ... } } ``` If instead you wish to directly transition to another activity on completion or cancelation, you can use `performAuthorizationRequest`: ```java AuthorizationService authService = new AuthorizationService(this); authService.performAuthorizationRequest( authRequest, PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, new Intent(this, MyAuthCompleteActivity.class), 0), PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, new Intent(this, MyAuthCanceledActivity.class), 0)); ``` The intents may be customized to carry any additional data or flags required for the correct handling of the authorization response. #### Capturing the authorization redirect Once the authorization flow is completed in the browser, the authorization service will redirect to a URI specified as part of the authorization request, providing the response via query parameters. In order for your app to capture this response, it must register with the Android OS as a handler for this redirect URI. We recommend using a custom scheme based redirect URI (i.e. those of form `my.scheme:/path`), as this is the most widely supported across all versions of Android. To avoid conflicts with other apps, it is recommended to configure a distinct scheme using "reverse domain name notation". This can either match your service web domain (in reverse) e.g. `com.example.service` or your package name `com.example.app` or be something completely new as long as it's distinct enough. Using the package name of your app is quite common but it's not always possible if it contains illegal characters for URI schemes (like underscores) or if you already have another handler for that scheme - so just use something else. When a custom scheme is used, AppAuth can be easily configured to capture all redirects using this custom scheme through a manifest placeholder: ```groovy android.defaultConfig.manifestPlaceholders = [ 'appAuthRedirectScheme': 'com.example.app' ] ``` Alternatively, the redirect URI can be directly configured by adding an intent-filter for AppAuth's RedirectUriReceiverActivity to your AndroidManifest.xml: ```xml <activity android:name="net.openid.appauth.RedirectUriReceiverActivity" tools:node="replace"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE"/> <data android:scheme="com.example.app"/> </intent-filter> </activity> ``` If an HTTPS redirect URI is required instead of a custom scheme, the same approach (modifying your AndroidManifest.xml) is used: ```xml <activity android:name="net.openid.appauth.RedirectUriReceiverActivity" tools:node="replace"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE"/> <data android:scheme="https" android:host="app.example.com" android:path="/oauth2redirect"/> </intent-filter> </activity> ``` HTTPS redirects can be secured by configuring the redirect URI as an [app link](https://developer.android.com/training/app-links/index.html) in Android M and above. We recommend that a fallback page be configured at the same address to forward authorization responses to your app via a custom scheme, for older Android devices. #### Handling the authorization response Upon completion of the authorization flow, the completion Intent provided to performAuthorizationRequest will be triggered. The authorization response is provided to this activity via Intent extra data, which can be extracted using the `fromIntent()` methods on AuthorizationResponse and AuthorizationException respectively: ```java public void onCreate(Bundle b) { AuthorizationResponse resp = AuthorizationResponse.fromIntent(getIntent()); AuthorizationException ex = AuthorizationException.fromIntent(getIntent()); if (resp != null) { // authorization completed } else { // authorization failed, check ex for more details } // ... } ``` The response can be provided to the AuthState instance for easy persistence and further processing: ``` authState.update(resp, ex); ``` If the full redirect URI is required in order to extract additional information that AppAuth does not provide, this is also provided to your activity: ```java public void onCreate(Bundle b) { // ... Uri redirectUri = getIntent().getData(); // ... } ``` ### Exchanging the authorization code Given a successful authorization response carrying an authorization code, a token request can be made to exchange the code for a refresh token: ```java authService.performTokenRequest( resp.createTokenExchangeRequest(), new AuthorizationService.TokenResponseCallback() { @Override public void onTokenRequestCompleted( TokenResponse resp, AuthorizationException ex) { if (resp != null) { // exchange succeeded } else { // authorization failed, check ex for more details } } }); ``` The token response can also be used to update an AuthState instance: ```java authState.update(resp, ex); ``` ### Using access tokens Finally, the retrieved access token can be used to interact with a resource server. This can be done directly, by extracting the access token from a token response. However, in most cases, it is simpler to use the `performActionWithFreshTokens` utility method provided by AuthState: ```java authState.performActionWithFreshTokens(service, new AuthStateAction() { @Override public void execute( String accessToken, String idToken, AuthorizationException ex) { if (ex != null) { // negotiation for fresh tokens failed, check ex for more details return; } // use the access token to do something ... } }); ``` This also updates the AuthState object with current access, id, and refresh tokens. If you are storing your AuthState in persistent storage, you should write the updated copy in the callback to this method. ### Ending current session Given you have a logged in session and you want to end it. In that case you need to get: - `AuthorizationServiceConfiguration` - valid Open Id Token that you should get after authentication - End of session URI that should be provided within you OpenId service config First you have to build EndSessionRequest ```java EndSessionRequest endSessionRequest = new EndSessionRequest.Builder(authorizationServiceConfiguration) .setIdTokenHint(idToken) .setPostLogoutRedirectUri(endSessionRedirectUri) .build(); ``` This request can then be dispatched using one of two approaches. a `startActivityForResult` call using an Intent returned from the `AuthorizationService`, or by calling `performEndSessionRequest` and providing pending intent for completion and cancelation handling activities. The startActivityForResult approach is simpler to use but may require more processing of the result: ```java private void endSession() { AuthorizationService authService = new AuthorizationService(this); Intent endSessionItent = authService.getEndSessionRequestIntent(endSessionRequest); startActivityForResult(endSessionItent, RC_END_SESSION); } @Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { if (requestCode == RC_END_SESSION) { EndSessionResonse resp = EndSessionResonse.fromIntent(data); AuthorizationException ex = AuthorizationException.fromIntent(data); // ... process the response or exception ... } else { // ... } } ``` If instead you wish to directly transition to another activity on completion or cancelation, you can use `performEndSessionRequest`: ```java AuthorizationService authService = new AuthorizationService(this); authService.performEndSessionRequest( endSessionRequest, PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, new Intent(this, MyAuthCompleteActivity.class), 0), PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, new Intent(this, MyAuthCanceledActivity.class), 0)); ``` End session flow will also work involving browser mechanism that is described in authorization mechanism session. Handling response mechanism with transition to another activity should be as follows: ```java public void onCreate(Bundle b) { EndSessionResponse resp = EndSessionResponse.fromIntent(getIntent()); AuthorizationException ex = AuthorizationException.fromIntent(getIntent()); if (resp != null) { // authorization completed } else { // authorization failed, check ex for more details } // ... } ``` ### AuthState persistence Instances of `AuthState` keep track of the authorization and token requests and responses. This is the only object that you need to persist to retain the authorization state of the session. Typically, one would do this by storing the authorization state in SharedPreferences or some other persistent store private to the app: ```java @NonNull public AuthState readAuthState() { SharedPreferences authPrefs = getSharedPreferences("auth", MODE_PRIVATE); String stateJson = authPrefs.getString("stateJson", null); if (stateJson != null) { return AuthState.jsonDeserialize(stateJson); } else { return new AuthState(); } } public void writeAuthState(@NonNull AuthState state) { SharedPreferences authPrefs = getSharedPreferences("auth", MODE_PRIVATE); authPrefs.edit() .putString("stateJson", state.jsonSerializeString()) .apply(); } ``` The demo app has an [AuthStateManager](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/app/java/net/openid/appauthdemo/AuthStateManager.java) type which demonstrates this in more detail. ## Advanced configuration AppAuth provides some advanced configuration options via [AppAuthConfiguration](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/AppAuthConfiguration.java) instances, which can be provided to [AuthorizationService](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/AuthorizationService.java) during construction. ### Controlling which browser is used for authorization Some applications require explicit control over which browsers can be used for authorization - for example, to require that Chrome be used for second factor authentication to work, or require that some custom browser is used for authentication in an enterprise environment. Control over which browsers can be used can be achieved by defining a [BrowserMatcher](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/browser/BrowserMatcher.java), and supplying this to the builder of AppAuthConfiguration. A BrowserMatcher is suppled with a [BrowserDescriptor](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/browser/BrowserDescriptor.java) instance, and must decide whether this browser is permitted for the authorization flow. By default, [AnyBrowserMatcher](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/browser/AnyBrowserMatcher.java) is used. For your convenience, utility classes to help define a browser matcher are provided, such as: - [Browsers](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/browser/Browsers.java): contains a set of constants for the official package names and signatures of Chrome, Firefox and Samsung SBrowser. - [VersionedBrowserMatcher](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/browser/VersionedBrowserMatcher.java): will match a browser if it has a matching package name and signature, and a version number within a defined [VersionRange](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/browser/VersionRange.java). This class also provides some static instances for matching Chrome, Firefox and Samsung SBrowser. - [BrowserAllowList](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/browser/BrowserAllowList.java): takes a list of BrowserMatcher instances, and will match a browser if any of these child BrowserMatcher instances signals a match. - [BrowserDenyList](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/browser/BrowserDenyList.java): the inverse of BrowserAllowList - takes a list of browser matcher instances, and will match a browser if it _does not_ match any of these child BrowserMatcher instances. For instance, in order to restrict the authorization flow to using Chrome or SBrowser as a custom tab: ```java AppAuthConfiguration appAuthConfig = new AppAuthConfiguration.Builder() .setBrowserMatcher(new BrowserAllowList( VersionedBrowserMatcher.CHROME_CUSTOM_TAB, VersionedBrowserMatcher.SAMSUNG_CUSTOM_TAB)) .build(); AuthorizationService authService = new AuthorizationService(context, appAuthConfig); ``` Or, to prevent the use of a buggy version of the custom tabs in Samsung SBrowser: ```java AppAuthConfiguration appAuthConfig = new AppAuthConfiguration.Builder() .setBrowserMatcher(new BrowserDenyList( new VersionedBrowserMatcher( Browsers.SBrowser.PACKAGE_NAME, Browsers.SBrowser.SIGNATURE_SET, true, // when this browser is used via a custom tab VersionRange.atMost("5.3") ))) .build(); AuthorizationService authService = new AuthorizationService(context, appAuthConfig); ``` ### Customizing the connection builder for HTTP requests It can be desirable to customize how HTTP connections are made when performing token requests, for instance to use [certificate pinning](https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Certificate_and_Public_Key_Pinning) or to add additional trusted certificate authorities for an enterprise environment. This can be achieved in AppAuth by providing a custom [ConnectionBuilder](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/connectivity/ConnectionBuilder.java) instance. For example, to custom the SSL socket factory used, one could do the following: ```java AppAuthConfiguration appAuthConfig = new AppAuthConfiguration.Builder() .setConnectionBuilder(new ConnectionBuilder() { public HttpURLConnection openConnect(Uri uri) throws IOException { URL url = new URL(uri.toString()); HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); if (connection instanceof HttpsUrlConnection) { HttpsURLConnection connection = (HttpsURLConnection) connection; connection.setSSLSocketFactory(MySocketFactory.getInstance()); } } }) .build(); ``` ### Issues with [ID Token](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/IdToken.java#L118) validation ID Token validation was introduced in `0.8.0` but not all authorization servers or configurations support it correctly. - For testing environments [setSkipIssuerHttpsCheck](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/AppAuthConfiguration.java#L129) can be used to bypass the fact the issuer needs to be HTTPS. ```java AppAuthConfiguration appAuthConfig = new AppAuthConfiguration.Builder() .setSkipIssuerHttpsCheck(true) .build() ``` - For services that don't support nonce[s] resulting in **IdTokenException** `Nonce mismatch` just set nonce to `null` on the `AuthorizationRequest`. Please consider **raising an issue** with your Identity Provider and removing this once it is fixed. ```java AuthorizationRequest authRequest = authRequestBuilder .setNonce(null) .build(); ``` ## Dynamic client registration AppAuth supports the [OAuth2 dynamic client registration protocol](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7591). In order to dynamically register a client, create a [RegistrationRequest](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/RegistrationRequest.java) and dispatch it using [performRegistrationRequest](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/AuthorizationService.java#L278) on your AuthorizationService instance. The registration endpoint can either be defined directly as part of your [AuthorizationServiceConfiguration](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/AuthorizationServiceConfiguration.java), or discovered from an OpenID Connect discovery document. ```java RegistrationRequest registrationRequest = new RegistrationRequest.Builder( serviceConfig, Arrays.asList(redirectUri)) .build(); ``` Requests are dispatched with the help of `AuthorizationService`. As this request is asynchronous the response is passed to a callback: ```java service.performRegistrationRequest( registrationRequest, new AuthorizationService.RegistrationResponseCallback() { @Override public void onRegistrationRequestCompleted( @Nullable RegistrationResponse resp, @Nullable AuthorizationException ex) { if (resp != null) { // registration succeeded, store the registration response AuthState state = new AuthState(resp); //proceed to authorization... } else { // registration failed, check ex for more details } } }); ``` ## Utilizing client secrets (DANGEROUS) We _strongly recommend_ you avoid using static client secrets in your native applications whenever possible. Client secrets derived via a dynamic client registration are safe to use, but static client secrets can be easily extracted from your apps and allow others to impersonate your app and steal user data. If client secrets must be used by the OAuth2 provider you are integrating with, we strongly recommend performing the code exchange step on your backend, where the client secret can be kept hidden. Having said this, in some cases using client secrets is unavoidable. In these cases, a [ClientAuthentication](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/ClientAuthentication.java) instance can be provided to AppAuth when performing a token request. This allows additional parameters (both HTTP headers and request body parameters) to be added to token requests. Two standard implementations of ClientAuthentication are provided: - [ClientSecretBasic](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/ClientSecretBasic.java): includes a client ID and client secret as an HTTP Basic Authorization header. - [ClientSecretPost](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/library/java/net/openid/appauth/ClientSecretPost.java): includes a client ID and client secret as additional request parameters. So, in order to send a token request using HTTP basic authorization, one would write: ```java ClientAuthentication clientAuth = new ClientSecretBasic(MY_CLIENT_SECRET); TokenRequest req = ...; authService.performTokenRequest(req, clientAuth, callback); ``` This can also be done when using `performActionWithFreshTokens` on AuthState: ```java ClientAuthentication clientAuth = new ClientSecretPost(MY_CLIENT_SECRET); authState.performActionWithFreshTokens( authService, clientAuth, action); ``` ## Modifying or contributing to AppAuth This project requires the Android SDK for API level 25 (Nougat) to build, though the produced binaries only require API level 16 (Jellybean) to be used. We recommend that you fork and/or clone this repository to make modifications; downloading the source has been known to cause some developers problems. For contributors, see the additional instructions in [CONTRIBUTING.md](https://github.com/openid/AppAuth-Android/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md). ### Building from the Command line AppAuth for Android uses Gradle as its build system. In order to build the library and app binaries, run `./gradlew assemble`. The library AAR files are output to `library/build/outputs/aar`, while the demo app is output to `app/build/outputs/apk`. In order to run the tests and code analysis, run `./gradlew check`. ### Building from Android Studio In AndroidStudio, File -> New -> Import project. Select the root folder (the one with the `build.gradle` file).

Sorts the desktop, downloads folder. Organizes files into smaller folders based on the file extensions. Tested on windows and ubuntu. Should work on mac now. Made it because my external drive was getting really messy. dkujawski's fork takes it further utilizing tests, a configuration file and making it a class: https://github.com/dkujawski/utilities

Utilities for my browser extensions (SponsorBlock and DeArrow)

The Force.com Utility Belt is a Google Chrome Extension that I wrote to make my life easier while developing on the Force.com platform.

🤹 Common Kotlin utilities made for my personal usage, comes with SLF4J utilities, common extensions, common Gradle utilities, and more.

Setting Up an Angular 2 Environment Using Typescript, Npm and Webpack PreviousNext This Angular 2 tutorial serves for anyone looking to get up and running with Angular 2 and TypeScript fast. Angular 2 Beta Udemy Last week I’ve read the great Angular 2 book from Ninja Squad. Therefore, I figured it was time to put pen to paper and start building Angular 2 applications using TypeScript. That’s why in this tutorial, we’ll learn how to start an Angular 2 project from scratch and go further by building a development environment with Webpack and more. Getting Started 1. Developing and Building a TypeScript App Let’s start by building our first Angular 2 application using Typescript. First, make sure you have Node.js and npm installed. You can refer to the official website for more information about the installation procedure. Then, install Typescript globally via npm by running the following command in your terminal : 1 2 3 npm install -g typescript Once it is installed, we’ll setup our Typescript project by creating a tsconfig.json file in which we specify the compilation options to use for compiling our project. The typescript NPM module we just installed comes with a compiler, named tsc, that we are going to use for initializing a fresh Typescript project : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 # Create a new project folder and go inside it mkdir angular2-starter && cd angular2-starter # Generate the Typescript configurations file tsc --init --target es5 --sourceMap --experimentalDecorators --emitDecoratorMetadata Running tsc --init create the tsconfig.json in our project directory, which looks like this : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 { "compilerOptions": { "target": "es5", "sourceMap": true, "experimentalDecorators": true, "emitDecoratorMetadata": true, "module": "commonjs", "noImplicitAny": false, "outDir": "built" }, "exclude": [ "node_modules" ] } Along with the --init parameter, we passed the following options to the compiler : --target es5 : specify that we want our code to transpile to ECMASCRIPT 5. Thus, it could be run in every browser. --sourceMap : generate source maps files. It helps when debugging ES5 code with the original Typescript code in the chrome devtools. --experimentalDecorators and --emitDecoratorMetadata : allow to use Typescript with decorators. Also notice that options such as module, outDir or rootDir have been added by default. Feel free to read the documentation for more compiler options. So hit npm init in your terminal, and fill in some answers (you can accept the default for all the prompts). Then, install angular2 by running the following command : 1 2 3 npm install --save angular2 You should now have a package.json file that looks like the following: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 { "name": "angular-starter", "version": "1.0.0", "description": "An Angular 2 Starter kit featuring Angular 2, TypeScript, and Webpack by EloquentWebApp", "main": "index.js", "scripts": { "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1" }, "author": "Grégory D'Angelo", "license": "ISC", "dependencies": { "angular2": "^2.0.0-beta.17", "es6-shim": "^0.35.1", "reflect-metadata": "^0.1.2", "rxjs": "^5.0.0-beta.6", "zone.js": "^0.6.17" } } As you can see, angular2 comes with the following dependencies : reflect-metadata : used to enable dependency injection through decorators es6-shim and es6-promise : librairies for ES6 compatabilities and support for ES6 Promise rxjs : a set of librairies for reactive programming zone.js : used to implement zones for Javascript, inspired from Dart. Angular 2 uses it to efficiently detect changes The fundamentals settings are now in place. Let’s create our first Angular 2 application. 2. Creating our First Component The first step is to create a Typescript file at the root folder, and name it app.component.ts. Our application itself will be a component. To do so, we’ll use the @Component decorator by importing it from ‘angular2/core‘. That’s all we need to create our Angular 2 component. 1 2 3 4 5 6 import { Component } from 'angular2/core'; @Component() export class AppComponent { } By prefixing the class by this decorator, it tells Angular that this class is an Angular component. In Angular 2, components are a fundamental concept. It is the way we define views and control the logic on the page. Here’s how to do it : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 import { Component } from 'angular2/core'; @Component({ selector: 'app', template: '<h1>Hello, Angular2</h1>' }) export class AppComponent { } We passed in a configuration object to the component decorator. This object has two properties : selector and template. The selector is the HTML element that Angular will looking for. Every times it founds one, Angular will instantiate a new instance of our AppComponent class, and place our template. As you may also notice we export our class at the end. This is our first class so we’ll keep it empty for simplicity. 3. Bootstrapping the App Finally, we need to launch our application. For this, we only need two things : the Angular’s browser bootstrap method, and the application root component that we just wrote. To separate the concerns, create a new file, bootstrap.ts, and import the dependencies : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ///<reference path="node_modules/angular2/typings/browser.d.ts" /> import { bootstrap } from 'angular2/platform/browser'; import { AppComponent } from './app.component'; bootstrap(AppComponent) .catch(err => console.log(err)); As you can see, we call the bootstrap method, passing in our component, AppComponent. Moreover, as stated in the CHANGELOG since 2.0.0-beta.6 (2016-02-11) we may need to add the <reference ... /> line at the top of our bootstrap.ts file when using --target=es5. Feel free to check the CHANGELOG for more details. Last but not least, we need to create an index.html file to host our Angular application. Start by pasting the following lines : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head></head> <body> <app>Loading...</app> </body> </html> For now, it’s a very basic HTML file in which we’ve put the selector <app> that corresponds to our application root component. But we need to add 2 more things in order to launch our application. Indeed, we need to rely on a tool to load application and library modules. For now, we’ll use SystemJS as the module loader. We’ll see later in this tutorial how to install and configure Webpack for our Angular 2 project. And finally, we need to include script dependencies in our HTML file. Let’s do it together step by step. First, start by installing SystemJS : 1 2 3 npm install --save systemjs Then, load it statically in the index.html just after angular2-polyfills. angular2-polyfills is essentially a mashup of zone.js and reflect-metadata. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <script src="node_modules/angular2/bundles/angular2-polyfills.js"></script> <script src="node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.js"></script> </head> <body> <app>Loading...</app> </body> </html> Finally, we need to tell SystemJS where is our bootstrap module and where to find the dependencies used in our application (angular2 and rxjs) : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <script src="node_modules/angular2/bundles/angular2-polyfills.js"></script> <script src="node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.js"></script> <script> System.config({ // we want to import modules without writing .js at the end defaultJSExtensions: true, // the app will need the following dependencies map: { 'angular2': 'node_modules/angular2', 'rxjs': 'node_modules/rxjs' } }); // and to finish, let's boot the app! System.import('built/bootstrap'); </script> </head> <body> <app>Loading...</app> </body> </html> OK! We’re done with the settings and we can now compile and run our application. In order to handle common tasks, include the following npm scripts in the package.json file : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 { "name": "angular-starter", "version": "1.0.0", "description": "An Angular 2 Starter kit featuring Angular 2, TypeScript, and Webpack by EloquentWebApp", "main": "index.js", "scripts": { "start": "concurrently \"npm run watch\" \"npm run serve\"", "watch": "tsc -w", "serve": "lite-server" }, "author": "Grégory D'Angelo", "license": "ISC", "dependencies": { "angular2": "^2.0.0-beta.11", "es6-promise": "^3.1.2", "es6-shim": "^0.35.0", "reflect-metadata": "^0.1.2", "rxjs": "^5.0.0-beta.2", "systemjs": "^0.19.24", "zone.js": "^0.6.5" }, "devDependencies": { "concurrently": "^2.2.0", "lite-server": "^2.2.2" } } The watch script runs the TypeScript compiler in watch mode. It watches TypeScript files and triggers recompilation on changes. The serve script runs an HTTP server to serve our application, and refresh the browser on changes. I’ve used lite-server for that purpose. Install it via npm : 1 2 3 npm install --save-dev lite-server And, the start run the previous 2 scripts concurrently using the concurrently npm package : 1 2 3 npm install --save-dev concurrently So, run npm start and open your browser to http://localhost:3000. You should now briefly see “Loading…”, and then “Hello, Angular2” should appear. Congratulations! We’ve have just finished the first part of this tutorial. Keep going to see how to set a build system using Webpack for working with TypeScript. Creating a useful project structure and toolchain 1. Project Structure As far, we’ve built a basic Angular 2 application with the minimum required dependencies and tools. In this section, we’ll refactor our project structure to ease the development of more complex Angular 2 applications. By the end of this section, you will be able to build your own starter kit to get up and running with Angular 2 and TypeScript fast. More importantly, you will understand how to structure your project and what each tool is responsible for. Sounds great, isn’t it? Let’s do it! The first step is to revamp the file structure of our project. Here’s how it will look : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 angular2-starter/ ├──src/ | ├──bootstrap.ts | ├──index.html | ├──polyfills.ts │ │ │ ├──app/ │ │ ├──app.component.ts │ │ └──app.html │ │ │ └──assets/ │ └──css/ │ └──styles.css │ ├──tsconfig.json ├──typings.json ├──package.json │ └──webpack.config.js There are some new files, but don’t worry we will dive into each one of them through this section. What’s important for now, it’s to understand that we’ll use the component approach in our application project. This is a great way to ensure maintainable code by encapsulation of our behavior logic. Hence, each component will live in a single folder with each concern as a file: style, template, specs, e2e, and component class. Before going further let’s reorganize our files as follow : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 angular2-starter/ ├──src/ | ├──bootstrap.ts | ├──index.html │ │ │ └──app/ │ └──app.component.ts │ ├──tsconfig.json └──package.json You should also update the path in bootstrap.ts : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ///<reference path="../node_modules/angular2/typings/browser.d.ts" /> import { bootstrap } from 'angular2/platform/browser'; import { AppComponent } from './app/app.component'; bootstrap(AppComponent) .catch(err => console.log(err)); Great! Now it’s time to dive in into Webpack. 2. Installing and Configuring Webpack Webpack will replace SystemJS that we have used until now, as a module loader. If you need an explanation on what is Webpack for, I highly recommand you to take a look at the official documentation. In short, webpack is a module bundler. “It takes modules with dependencies and generates static assets representing those modules“. Start with installing webpack, webpack-dev-server, and the webpack plugins locally, and save them as project dependencies : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 # First, remove SystemJS. We don't need it anymore. npm uninstall --save systemjs # Then, install Typescript locally npm install --save typescript # Finally, install webpack npm install --save-dev webpack webpack-dev-server html-webpack-plugin copy-webpack-plugin Now, let’s configure Webpack for our development workflow. For this purpose we’ll create a webpack.config.js. Add the following settings in your config file : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 var path = require('path'); var webpack = require('webpack'); var CopyWebpackPlugin = require('copy-webpack-plugin'); var HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin'); var ENV = process.env.ENV = 'development'; var HOST = process.env.HOST || 'localhost'; var PORT = process.env.PORT || 8080; var metadata = { host: HOST, port: PORT, ENV: ENV }; /* * config */ module.exports = { // static data for index.html metadata: metadata, // Emit SourceMap to enhance debugging devtool: 'source-map', devServer: { // This is required for webpack-dev-server. The path should // be an absolute path to your build destination. outputPath: path.join(__dirname, 'dist') }, // Switch loaders to debug mode debug: true, // Our angular app entry: { 'polyfills': path.resolve(__dirname, "src/polyfills.ts"), 'app': path.resolve(__dirname, "src/bootstrap.ts") }, // Config for our build file output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"), filename: '[name].bundle.js', sourcemapFilename: '[name].map' }, resolve: { // Add `.ts` and `.tsx` as a resolvable extension. extensions: ['', '.ts', '.tsx', '.js'] }, module: { loaders: [ // Support for .ts files { test: /\.tsx?$/, loader: 'ts-loader', include: [ path.resolve(__dirname, "./src") ] }, // Support for .html as raw text { test: /\.html$/, loader: 'raw-loader', exclude: [ path.resolve(__dirname, "src/index.html") ] } ] }, plugins: [ // Copy static assets to the build folder new CopyWebpackPlugin([{ from: 'src/assets', to: 'assets' }]), // Generate the index.html new HtmlWebpackPlugin({ template: 'src/index.html' }) ] } The entry specifies the entry files of our Angular application. It will be use by Webpack as the starting point for the bundling process. As you may notice we specify our bootstrap file, but also a new file named polyfills.ts. It will contain all the dependencies needed to run our Angular2 application. Before that, we’ve put those deps directly inside our index.html. They now live in a separate file : 1 2 3 4 5 // polyfills.ts import 'angular2/bundles/angular2-polyfills'; import 'rxjs'; The output tells Webpack what to do after completing the bundling process. In our case, the dist/ directory will be use to output the bundled files named app.bundle.js and polyfills.bundle.js with th following source-map files. The ts-loader is used to transpile our Typescript files that match the defined test regex. In our case it will process all files with a .ts or .tsx extension. The raw-loader is used to support html files as raw text. Hence, we could write our component views in separate files and include them afterward in our components. You need to install them using npm : 1 2 3 npm install --save-dev ts-loader raw-loader The CopyWebpackPlugin is used to copy the static assets into the build folder. Finally, the metadata are used by the HtmlWebpackplugin to generate our index.html file. In the index.html, we use the host and port data to run the webpack dev server in development environment. See how this file has been simplified : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <link rel="stylesheet" href="./assets/css/styles.css" /> </head> <body> <app>Loading...</app> </body> <% if (webpackConfig.metadata.ENV === 'development') { %> <!-- Webpack Dev Server --> <script src="http://<%= webpackConfig.metadata.host %>:<%= webpackConfig.metadata.port %>/webpack-dev-server.js"></script> <% } %> </html> Feel free to add you own stylesheets files under /src/assets/css as I did with my styles.css file. You should now have a project structured like so : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 angular2-starter/ ├──src/ | ├──bootstrap.ts | ├──index.html | ├──polyfills.ts │ │ │ ├──app/ │ │ └──app.component.ts │ │ │ └──assets/ │ └──css/ │ └──styles.css │ ├──tsconfig.json ├──package.json │ └──webpack.config.js We need one more thing to be all set up. As mentionned before, we will write the views in separated file. So, create an app.html file and refer to it in your app.components.ts. 1 2 3 4 <!-- app.html --> <h1>Hello, Angular2</h1> 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 // app.component.ts import { Component } from 'angular2/core'; @Component({ selector: 'app', template: require('./app.html') }) export class AppComponent { } Finally, we have to install the node typings definition to be able to require file inside our component as we did for the view. Hence, to do so run the following commands, and complete the tsconfig.json to exclude some files : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 # Install Typings CLI utility npm install typings --global # Init the typings.json typings init # Install typings typings install env~node --global --save As you can notice in my tsconfig.json file below, there are some extra options that are Atom IDE specific features. Feel free to read the documentation about it: atom-typescript/tsconfig.json. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 { "compilerOptions": { "target": "es5", "sourceMap": true, "experimentalDecorators": true, "emitDecoratorMetadata": true, "module": "commonjs", "noImplicitAny": false, "outDir": "built", "rootDir": "." }, "exclude": [ "node_modules", "typings/main.d.ts", "typings/main" ], "filesGlob": [ "./src/**/*.ts", "!./node_modules/**/*.ts", "typings/browser.d.ts" ], "compileOnSave": false, "buildOnSave": false } If you want to know more about typings read the following pages on Github : Microsoft/TypeScript and typings/typings. Ok! Now it’s time to build and run our application using Webpack. Let’s create some npm scripts to handle those operations. 3. Using npm as a Task Runner We will simply use npm to define and run our tasks : one for the build process, and one for running the development server. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 { "name": "angular2-starter", "version": "1.0.0", "description": "", "main": "index.js", "scripts": { "build:dev": "webpack --progress --colors", "server:dev": "webpack-dev-server --hot --progress --colors --content-base dist/", "start": "npm run server:dev" }, ... } We can now run npm start and visit http://localhost:8080 to see our app running.

My header-only C++ utility extension library

🏭 My Unity extensions and utilities

A browser extension for me to run my own scripts on web pages to add utilities

A utility extension for the Spring framework. See my wstemplate repo for hints of usage.

Unity, Mono and C# utility and extension methods I like to use in my own code.

Common repository for my assorted projects. Contains helper classes, extension methods, and utility classes for use by any of my projects.

My tiny utility extensions to the Firebase Javascript SDK.

A small CLI utility, written in Rust, that moves files inside a folder into subfolders based on their extension. I made Folder Organizer because my Downloads folder was a total mess.

NIftI provides coordinated and targeted service, training, and research to speed the development and enhance the utility of informatics tools related to neuroimaging. My application helps to read the both NIfTI-1 and NIfT1-2 file formats with .nii extension

Extension of the Xinput library for AHK to play PoE with Xbox One controller. PLEASE do NOT expand on this project without my permission. I am still waiting on a few green-lights before I turn this into a fully-fledged utility tool. Please get into contact with me on Discord @ Sheeva#8700 if you want to know more.

title: It’s used to change the title text displayed on top of CMD window. echo – Displays the input string as the output. Use ON or OFF option for ECHO to turn the echoing feature on or off. If you turn on the ECHO, the CMD will display the command it is executing. pause – Used to stop the execution of a Windows batch file. EXIT – To exit the Command Prompt. cls – Used to clear the command prompt screen. :: – Add a comment in the batch file. The Command Prompt ignores any text written as a batch file comment. So, these were what we can call internal commands which are shipped with Windows. Your batch script can also support external commands. These are ones added when a new software is installed on your system. For example, if you have Google Chrome installed on your machine, you can use the command ‘chrome’ in the CMD window. These commands can help you to create a simple BAT file. You can improve your batch script by learning more commands from the Windows CMD Commands list. How to create a batch file in Windows 10? Here, I am going to tell you steps to create a small batch (BAT) file. The steps are almost the same no matter you’re using Windows 10, Windows 8.1, Windows 7 or even XP. Open a new Notepad file. You can also use any similar text file editor, like Notepad++. Type the following commands in the text file: batch-file-txt2 echo off title My Test Batch File :: See the title at the top. And this comment will not appear in the command prompt. echo Test file executed. echo I am too lazy to write commands again and again. pause Save the text file with the extension .bat instead of .txt. For instance, testbatch.bat in my case. Note: Make sure the Hide File Extensions feature is turned off in Windows. Otherwise, you will not be able to change the file extension. To check, go to Control Panel > File Explorer Options > View tab > Uncheck Hide extensions for known file types. To Run the batch file, simply double-click it. The CMD Window will open automatically with the desired output. You can also try echo on in the command mentioned in Step 2 to see what it does. Now, every time you’ll run this file the same text will be displayed. You can also use the .cmd extension in place of .bat extension. How to run a batch file in Windows 10? In addition to doubling-clicking, you can execute a bat file from within the CMD window. To open a file using cmd, you need to navigate the folder/directory where the file is located. Then type the name of that file along with its file extension. For instance, you need to run a bat file named HelloWorld. Type HelloWorld.bat and press Enter. How to edit or modify a batch file? If you want to do some experimentation with the batch file you created in the past, editing a bat file is a simple process. Just right-click the file and click on rename. It’ll open in the text editor. After you’re done, save changes and you’re good to go. Next time you run the bat file in the command line, it will execute the changes you have made. Do something more – batch file examples Some time ago, I told you about checking the battery health on your Windows machine by using the POWERCFG utility. Earlier, you had to do a lot of work. In order to check the battery health, you had to open CMD, type the command, and then go to the location where the output file gets stored. Let’s give some rest to your hands by creating a batch file and automate the task. Create a batch to generate Energy Report: In a new text file, type the following command: powercfg/energy C:\WINDOWS\system32\energy-report.html Save the file as energyreport.bat or any name you like. Keep in mind you use the correct file extension. Create batch file to generate Battery Report: In a new text file, type the following commands: powercfg /batteryreport C:\Windows\System32\battery-report.html Save the file as batteryreport.bat or any name you like. Important: The POWERCFG utility only works with administrator privileges. So, you will have to run these batch files in “Run As Administrator” mode. You do so by Right Clicking the batch file > Click Run As Administrator. If you run these battery checking batch files without administrator privileges, it will show you version of the report which is already stored at that location. Using batch files with admin rights will display the latest data.

A collection of my commonly used extensions and utilities

These are extensions/utilities I use across many of my Godot projects.

My PHP utility scripts for PHP core and extensions development

VS Code / Cursor extension for my personal needs – lots of tiny miscellaneous utilities and hacks.

A collection of useful extensions for Swift classes and utilities I use often in my projects

A set of all the utility classes and extensions used in my iOS projects.

Utility classes and custom extension methods, this repository is used as a submodule in my other projects.

My C++ Extension Library (MyCEL). MyCEL is a C++ utility/toolbox library extending common standard library capabilities.

My .NET is a collection of modular .NET libraries offering utilities and extensions for data generation, localization, geography, logging, email, and more. It helps developers accelerate application development with ready-to-use, maintainable components.

Chrome Serial Utilities for Chrome Extensions. Simple class you can call as an instance of Chrome's serial monitor and control it. Comes with a default UI you can use to test by just calling the class with default parameters. Developed for my open hardware biofeedback project.

This gem is now located at https://github.com/caleon/justools where it will continue to be maintained. This one remains just to support existing apps hooking into this version of the gem.Ruby-level extensions, utilities, convenience methods that I’ve found I’m constantly using in all my projects.

A personal library containing various utilities. I am in fact a C# developer. I created this library based on previous experience in web application projects. I had various code snippets here and there in different web projects. I wanted to gather all of them at one point and stop copy-pasting the same code. I also wanted to be able to better maintain the utilities I wrote. So, the idea of LocustJs came to my mind. LocustJs is an independent javascript library. It does not rely on any other library or framework (except for its extensions). As my front-end skill is fairly limited, no typescript, ECMAScript2015, 2016, 2017 is currently used in writing LocustJs. I wrote it in pure javascript (no modules, classes, closures and other modern javascript stuff). But I plan to upgrade it. I hope you enjoy this library. I am open to contributions and suggestions.

It is a Bash script, called archive, with the following synopsis: archive [−s size] [−t dir1] [−d dir2] < ext_list > where dir1 and dir2 are two valid directories. Note that an argument between [ and ] is optional while an argument between < and > is not. The script archive moves all files in target directory dir1 (or current directory if this argu- ment is omitted), with extensions in < ext_list >, into destination directory dir2. If the latter is omitted, then create a subdirectory in the target directory called myArchive. When size option is present, only files exceeding it are concerned by the move. Then, archive all moved files using the tar utility to create a single file, called myArchive.tar. You should have only myArchive.tar in your destination directory, if necessary, delete original files. Call example: archive -s 1000 -d ∼/oldFiles/ pdf doc exe In this case, move all files, exceeding 1000 bytes, with extensions pdf, doc or exe, from my cur- rent directory to ∼/oldFiles/myArchive/ then, create a myArchive.tar and remove the moved files. Note that options can appear in any order.