# Liberty House Club **A Parallel Binance Chain to Enable Smart Contracts** _NOTE: This document is under development. Please check regularly for updates!_ ## Table of Contents - [Motivation](#motivation) - [Design Principles](#design-principles) - [Consensus and Validator Quorum](#consensus-and-validator-quorum) * [Proof of Staked Authority](#proof-of-staked-authority) * [Validator Quorum](#validator-quorum) * [Security and Finality](#security-and-finality) * [Reward](#reward) - [Token Economy](#token-economy) * [Native Token](#native-token) * [Other Tokens](#other-tokens) - [Cross-Chain Transfer and Communication](#cross-chain-transfer-and-communication) * [Cross-Chain Transfer](#cross-chain-transfer) * [BC to BSC Architecture](#bc-to-bsc-architecture) * [BSC to BC Architecture](#bsc-to-bc-architecture) * [Timeout and Error Handling](#timeout-and-error-handling) * [Cross-Chain User Experience](#cross-chain-user-experience) * [Cross-Chain Contract Event](#cross-chain-contract-event) - [Staking and Governance](#staking-and-governance) * [Staking on BC](#staking-on-bc) * [Rewarding](#rewarding) * [Slashing](#slashing) - [Relayers](#relayers) * [BSC Relayers](#bsc-relayers) * [Oracle Relayers](#oracle-relayers) - [Outlook](#outlook) # Motivation After its mainnet community [launch](https://www.binance.com/en/blog/327334696200323072/Binance-DEX-Launches-on-Binance-Chain-Invites-Further-Community-Development) in April 2019, [Binance Chain](https://www.binance.org) has exhibited its high speed and large throughput design. Binance Chain’s primary focus, its native [decentralized application](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decentralized_application) (“dApp”) [Binance DEX](https://www.binance.org/trade), has demonstrated its low-latency matching with large capacity headroom by handling millions of trading volume in a short time. Flexibility and usability are often in an inverse relationship with performance. The concentration on providing a convenient digital asset issuing and trading venue also brings limitations. Binance Chain's most requested feature is the programmable extendibility, or simply the [Smart Contract](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract) and Virtual Machine functions. Digital asset issuers and owners struggle to add new decentralized features for their assets or introduce any sort of community governance and activities. Despite this high demand for adding the Smart Contract feature onto Binance Chain, it is a hard decision to make. The execution of a Smart Contract may slow down the exchange function and add non-deterministic factors to trading. If that compromise could be tolerated, it might be a straightforward idea to introduce a new Virtual Machine specification based on [Tendermint](https://tendermint.com/core/), based on the current underlying consensus protocol and major [RPC](https://docs.binance.org/api-reference/node-rpc.html) implementation of Binance Chain. But all these will increase the learning requirements for all existing dApp communities, and will not be very welcomed. We propose a parallel blockchain of the current Binance Chain to retain the high performance of the native DEX blockchain and to support a friendly Smart Contract function at the same time. # Design Principles After the creation of the parallel blockchain into the Binance Chain ecosystem, two blockchains will run side by side to provide different services. The new parallel chain will be called “**Binance Smart Chain**” (short as “**BSC**” for the below sections), while the existing mainnet remains named “**Binance Chain**” (short as “**BC**” for the below sections). Here are the design principles of **BSC**: 1. **Standalone Blockchain**: technically, BSC is a standalone blockchain, instead of a layer-2 solution. Most BSC fundamental technical and business functions should be self-contained so that it can run well even if the BC stopped for a short period. 2. **Ethereum Compatibility**: The first practical and widely-used Smart Contract platform is Ethereum. To take advantage of the relatively mature applications and community, BSC chooses to be compatible with the existing Ethereum mainnet. This means most of the **dApps**, ecosystem components, and toolings will work with BSC and require zero or minimum changes; BSC node will require similar (or a bit higher) hardware specification and skills to run and operate. The implementation should leave room for BSC to catch up with further Ethereum upgrades. 3. **Staking Involved Consensus and Governance**: Staking-based consensus is more environmentally friendly and leaves more flexible option to the community governance. Expectedly, this consensus should enable better network performance over [proof-of-work](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_of_work) blockchain system, i.e., faster blocking time and higher transaction capacity. 4. **Native Cross-Chain Communication**: both BC and BSC will be implemented with native support for cross-chain communication among the two blockchains. The communication protocol should be bi-directional, decentralized, and trustless. It will concentrate on moving digital assets between BC and BSC, i.e., [BEP2](https://github.com/binance-chain/BEPs/blob/master/BEP2.md) tokens, and eventually, other BEP tokens introduced later. The protocol should care for the minimum of other items stored in the state of the blockchains, with only a few exceptions. # Consensus and Validator Quorum Based on the above design principles, the consensus protocol of BSC is to fulfill the following goals: 1. Blocking time should be shorter than Ethereum network, e.g. 5 seconds or even shorter. 2. It requires limited time to confirm the finality of transactions, e.g. around 1-min level or shorter. 3. There is no inflation of native token: BNB, the block reward is collected from transaction fees, and it will be paid in BNB. 4. It is compatible with Ethereum system as much as possible. 5. It allows modern [proof-of-stake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_of_stake) blockchain network governance. ## Proof of Staked Authority Although Proof-of-Work (PoW) has been recognized as a practical mechanism to implement a decentralized network, it is not friendly to the environment and also requires a large size of participants to maintain the security. Ethereum and some other blockchain networks, such as [MATIC Bor](https://github.com/maticnetwork/bor), [TOMOChain](https://tomochain.com/), [GoChain](https://gochain.io/), [xDAI](https://xdai.io/), do use [Proof-of-Authority(PoA)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_of_authority) or its variants in different scenarios, including both testnet and mainnet. PoA provides some defense to 51% attack, with improved efficiency and tolerance to certain levels of Byzantine players (malicious or hacked). It serves as an easy choice to pick as the fundamentals. Meanwhile, the PoA protocol is most criticized for being not as decentralized as PoW, as the validators, i.e. the nodes that take turns to produce blocks, have all the authorities and are prone to corruption and security attacks. Other blockchains, such as EOS and Lisk both, introduce different types of [Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS)](https://en.bitcoinwiki.org/wiki/DPoS) to allow the token holders to vote and elect the validator set. It increases the decentralization and favors community governance. BSC here proposes to combine DPoS and PoA for consensus, so that: 1. Blocks are produced by a limited set of validators 2. Validators take turns to produce blocks in a PoA manner, similar to [Ethereum’s Clique](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-225) consensus design 3. Validator set are elected in and out based on a staking based governance ## Validator Quorum In the genesis stage, a few trusted nodes will run as the initial Validator Set. After the blocking starts, anyone can compete to join as candidates to elect as a validator. The staking status decides the top 21 most staked nodes to be the next validator set, and such an election will repeat every 24 hours. **BNB** is the token used to stake for BSC. In order to remain as compatible as Ethereum and upgradeable to future consensus protocols to be developed, BSC chooses to rely on the **BC** for staking management (Please refer to the below “[Staking and Governance](#staking-and-governance)” section). There is a **dedicated staking module for BSC on BC**. It will accept BSC staking from BNB holders and calculate the highest staked node set. Upon every UTC midnight, BC will issue a verifiable `ValidatorSetUpdate` cross-chain message to notify BSC to update its validator set. While producing further blocks, the existing BSC validators check whether there is a `ValidatorSetUpdate` message relayed onto BSC periodically. If there is, they will update the validator set after an **epoch period**, i.e. a predefined number of blocking time. For example, if BSC produces a block every 5 seconds, and the epoch period is 240 blocks, then the current validator set will check and update the validator set for the next epoch in 1200 seconds (20 minutes). ## Security and Finality Given there are more than ½\*N+1 validators are honest, PoA based networks usually work securely and properly. However, there are still cases where certain amount Byzantine validators may still manage to attack the network, e.g. through the “[Clone Attack](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1902.10244.pdf)”. To secure as much as BC, BSC users are encouraged to wait until receiving blocks sealed by more than ⅔\*N+1 different validators. In that way, the BSC can be trusted at a similar security level to BC and can tolerate less than ⅓\*N Byzantine validators. With 21 validators, if the block time is 5 seconds, the ⅔\*N+1 different validator seals will need a time period of (⅔\*21+1)*5 = 75 seconds. Any critical applications for BSC may have to wait for ⅔\*N+1 to ensure a relatively secure finality. However, besides such arrangement, BSC does introduce **Slashing** logic to penalize Byzantine validators for **double signing** or **inavailability**, which will be covered in the “Staking and Governance” section later. This Slashing logic will expose the malicious validators in a very short time and make the “Clone Attack” very hard or extremely non-beneficial to execute. With this enhancement, ½\*N+1 or even fewer blocks are enough as confirmation for most transactions. ## Reward All the BSC validators in the current validator set will be rewarded with transaction **fees in BNB**. As BNB is not an inflationary token, there will be no mining rewards as what Bitcoin and Ethereum network generate, and the gas fee is the major reward for validators. As BNB is also utility tokens with other use cases, delegators and validators will still enjoy other benefits of holding BNB. The reward for validators is the fees collected from transactions in each block. Validators can decide how much to give back to the delegators who stake their BNB to them, in order to attract more staking. Every validator will take turns to produce the blocks in the same probability (if they stick to 100% liveness), thus, in the long run, all the stable validators may get a similar size of the reward. Meanwhile, the stakes on each validator may be different, so this brings a counter-intuitive situation that more users trust and delegate to one validator, they potentially get less reward. So rational delegators will tend to delegate to the one with fewer stakes as long as the validator is still trustful (insecure validator may bring slashable risk). In the end, the stakes on all the validators will have less variation. This will actually prevent the stake concentration and “winner wins forever” problem seen on some other networks. Some parts of the gas fee will also be rewarded to relayers for Cross-Chain communication. Please refer to the “[Relayers](#relayers)” section below. # Token Economy BC and BSC share the same token universe for BNB and BEP2 tokens. This defines: 1. The same token can circulate on both networks, and flow between them bi-directionally via a cross-chain communication mechanism. 2. The total circulation of the same token should be managed across the two networks, i.e. the total effective supply of a token should be the sum of the token’s total effective supply on both BSC and BC. 3. The tokens can be initially created on BSC in a similar format as ERC20 token standard, or on BC as a BEP2, then created on the other. There are native ways on both networks to link the two and secure the total supply of the token. ## Native Token BNB will run on BSC in the same way as ETH runs on Ethereum so that it remains as “native token” for both BSC and BC. This means, in addition to BNB is used to pay most of the fees on Binance Chain and Binance DEX, BNB will be also used to: 1. pay “fees“ to deploy smart contracts on BSC 2. stake on selected BSC validators, and get corresponding rewards 3. perform cross-chain operations, such as transfer token assets across BC and BSC ### Seed Fund Certain amounts of BNB will be burnt on BC and minted on BSC during its genesis stage. This amount is called “Seed Fund” to circulate on BSC after the first block, which will be dispatched to the initial BC-to-BSC Relayer(described in later sections) and initial validator set introduced at genesis. These BNBs are used to pay transaction fees in the early stage to transfer more BNB from BC onto BSC via the cross-chain mechanism. The BNB cross-chain transfer is discussed in a later section, but for BC to BSC transfer, it is generally to lock BNB on BC from the source address of the transfer to a system-controlled address and unlock the corresponding amount from special contract to the target address of the transfer on BSC, or reversely, when transferring from BSC to BC, it is to lock BNB from the source address on BSC into a special contract and release locked amount on BC from the system address to the target address. The logic is related to native code on BC and a series of smart contracts on BSC. ## Other Tokens BC supports BEP2 tokens and upcoming [BEP8 tokens](https://github.com/binance-chain/BEPs/pull/69), which are native assets transferrable and tradable (if listed) via fast transactions and sub-second finality. Meanwhile, as BSC is Ethereum compatible, it is natural to support ERC20 tokens on BSC, which here is called “**BEP2E**” (with the real name to be introduced by the future BEPs,it potentially covers BEP8 as well). BEP2E may be “Enhanced” by adding a few more methods to expose more information, such as token denomination, decimal precision definition and the owner address who can decide the Token Binding across the chains. BSC and BC work together to ensure that one token can circulate in both formats with confirmed total supply and be used in different use cases. ### Token Binding BEP2 tokens will be extended to host a new attribute to associate the token with a BSC BEP2E token contract, called “**Binder**”, and this process of association is called “**Token Binding**”. Token Binding can happen at any time after BEP2 and BEP2E are ready. The token owners of either BEP2 or BEP2E don’t need to bother about the Binding, until before they really want to use the tokens on different scenarios. Issuers can either create BEP2 first or BEP2E first, and they can be bound at a later time. Of course, it is encouraged for all the issuers of BEP2 and BEP2E to set the Binding up early after the issuance. A typical procedure to bind the BEP2 and BEP2E will be like the below: 1. Ensure both the BEP2 token and the BEP2E token both exist on each blockchain, with the same total supply. BEP2E should have 3 more methods than typical ERC20 token standard: * symbol(): get token symbol * decimals(): get the number of the token decimal digits * owner(): get **BEP2E contract owner’s address.** This value should be initialized in the BEP2E contract constructor so that the further binding action can verify whether the action is from the BEP2E owner. 2. Decide the initial circulation on both blockchains. Suppose the total supply is *S*, and the expected initial circulating supply on BC is *K*, then the owner should lock S-K tokens to a system controlled address on BC. 3. Equivalently, *K* tokens is locked in the special contract on BSC, which handles major binding functions and is named as **TokenHub**. The issuer of the BEP2E token should lock the *K* amount of that token into TokenHub, resulting in *S-K* tokens to circulate on BSC. Thus the total circulation across 2 blockchains remains as *S*. 4. The issuer of BEP2 token sends the bind transaction on BC. Once the transaction is executed successfully after proper verification: * It transfers *S-K* tokens to a system-controlled address on BC. * A cross-chain bind request package will be created, waiting for Relayers to relay. 5. BSC Relayers will relay the cross-chain bind request package into **TokenHub** on BSC, and the corresponding request and information will be stored into the contract. 6. The contract owner and only the owner can run a special method of TokenHub contract, `ApproveBind`, to verify the binding request to mark it as a success. It will confirm: * the token has not been bound; * the binding is for the proper symbol, with proper total supply and decimal information; * the proper lock are done on both networks; 10. Once the `ApproveBind` method has succeeded, TokenHub will mark the two tokens are bounded and share the same circulation on BSC, and the status will be propagated back to BC. After this final confirmation, the BEP2E contract address and decimals will be written onto the BEP2 token as a new attribute on BC, and the tokens can be transferred across the two blockchains bidirectionally. If the ApproveBind fails, the failure event will also be propagated back to BC to release the locked tokens, and the above steps can be re-tried later. # Cross-Chain Transfer and Communication Cross-chain communication is the key foundation to allow the community to take advantage of the dual chain structure: * users are free to create any tokenization, financial products, and digital assets on BSC or BC as they wish * the items on BSC can be manually and programmingly traded and circulated in a stable, high throughput, lighting fast and friendly environment of BC * users can operate these in one UI and tooling ecosystem. ## Cross-Chain Transfer The cross-chain transfer is the key communication between the two blockchains. Essentially the logic is: 1. the `transfer-out` blockchain will lock the amount from source owner addresses into a system controlled address/contracts; 2. the `transfer-in` blockchain will unlock the amount from the system controlled address/contracts and send it to target addresses. The cross-chain transfer package message should allow the BSC Relayers and BC **Oracle Relayers** to verify: 1. Enough amount of token assets are removed from the source address and locked into a system controlled addresses/contracts on the source blockchain. And this can be confirmed on the target blockchain. 2. Proper amounts of token assets are released from a system controlled addresses/contracts and allocated into target addresses on the target blockchain. If this fails, it can be confirmed on source blockchain, so that the locked token can be released back (may deduct fees). 3. The sum of the total circulation of the token assets across the 2 blockchains are not changed after this transfer action completes, no matter if the transfer succeeds or not.  The architecture of cross-chain communication is as in the above diagram. To accommodate the 2 heteroid systems, communication handling is different in each direction. ## BC to BSC Architecture BC is a Tendermint-based, instant finality blockchain. Validators with at least ⅔\*N+1 of the total voting power will co-sign each block on the chain. So that it is practical to verify the block transactions and even the state value via **Block Header** and **Merkle Proof** verification. This has been researched and implemented as “**Light-Client Protocol**”, which are intensively discussed in [the Ethereum](https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/Light-client-protocol) community, studied and implemented for [Cosmos inter-chain communication](https://github.com/cosmos/ics/blob/a4173c91560567bdb7cc9abee8e61256fc3725e9/spec/ics-007-tendermint-client/README.md). BC-to-BSC communication will be verified in an “**on-chain light client**” implemented via BSC **Smart Contracts** (some of them may be **“pre-compiled”**). After some transactions and state change happen on BC, if a transaction is defined to trigger cross-chain communication,the Cross-chain “**package**” message will be created and **BSC Relayers** will pass and submit them onto BSC as data into the "build-in system contracts". The build-in system contracts will verify the package and execute the transactions if it passes the verification. The verification will be guaranteed with the below design: 1. BC blocking status will be synced to the light client contracts on BSC from time to time, via block header and pre-commits, for the below information: * block and app hash of BC that are signed by validators * current validatorset, and validator set update 2. the key-value from the blockchain state will be verified based on the Merkle Proof and information from above #1. After confirming the key-value is accurate and trustful, the build-in system contracts will execute the actions corresponding to the cross-chain packages. Some examples of such packages that can be created for BC-to-BSC are: 1. Bind: bind the BEP2 tokens and BEP2E 2. Transfer: transfer tokens after binding, this means the circulation will decrease (be locked) from BC and appear in the target address balance on BSC 3. Error Handling: to handle any timeout/failure event for BSC-to-BC communication 4. Validatorset update of BSC To ensure no duplication, proper message sequence and timely timeout, there is a “Channel” concept introduced on BC to manage any types of the communication. For relayers, please also refer to the below “Relayers” section. ## BSC to BC Architecture BSC uses Proof of Staked Authority consensus protocol, which has a chance to fork and requires confirmation of more blocks. One block only has the signature of one validator, so that it is not easy to rely on one block to verify data from BSC. To take full advantage of validator quorum of BC, an idea similar to many [Bridge ](https://github.com/poanetwork/poa-bridge)or Oracle blockchains is adopted: 1. The cross-chain communication requests from BSC will be submitted and executed onto BSC as transactions. The execution of the transanction wil emit `Events`, and such events can be observed and packaged in certain “**Oracle**” onto BC. Instead of Block Headers, Hash and Merkle Proof, this type of “Oracle” package directly contains the cross-chain information for actions, such as sender, receiver and amount for transfer. 2. To ensure the security of the Oracle, the validators of BC will form anothe quorum of “**Oracle Relayers**”. Each validator of the BC should run a **dedicated process** as the Oracle Relayer. These Oracle Relayers will submit and vote for the cross-chain communication package, like Oracle, onto BC, using the same validator keys. Any package signed by more than ⅔\*N+1 Oracle Relayers’ voting power is as secure as any block signed by ⅔\*N+1 of the same quorum of validators’ voting power. By using the same validator quorum, it saves the light client code on BC and continuous block updates onto BC. Such Oracles also have Oracle IDs and types, to ensure sequencing and proper error handling. ## Timeout and Error Handling There are scenarios that the cross-chain communication fails. For example, the relayed package cannot be executed on BSC due to some coding bug in the contracts. **Timeout and error handling logics are** used in such scenarios. For the recognizable user and system errors or any expected exceptions, the two networks should heal themselves. For example, when BC to BSC transfer fails, BSC will issue a failure event and Oracle Relayers will execute a refund on BC; when BSC to BC transfer fails, BC will issue a refund package for Relayer to relay in order to unlock the fund. However, unexpected error or exception may still happen on any step of the cross-chain communication. In such a case, the Relayers and Oracle Relayers will discover that the corresponding cross-chain channel is stuck in a particular sequence. After a Timeout period, the Relayers and Oracle Relayers can request a “SkipSequence” transaction, the stuck sequence will be marked as “Unexecutable”. A corresponding alerts will be raised, and the community has to discuss how to handle this scenario, e.g. payback via the sponsor of the validators, or event clear the fund during next network upgrade. ## Cross-Chain User Experience Ideally, users expect to use two parallel chains in the same way as they use one single chain. It requires more aggregated transaction types to be added onto the cross-chain communication to enable this, which will add great complexity, tight coupling, and maintenance burden. Here BC and BSC only implement the basic operations to enable the value flow in the initial launch and leave most of the user experience work to client side UI, such as wallets. E.g. a great wallet may allow users to sell a token directly from BSC onto BC’s DEX order book, in a secure way. ## Cross-Chain Contract Event Cross-Chain Contract Event (CCCE) is designed to allow a smart contract to trigger cross-chain transactions, directly through the contract code. This becomes possible based on: 1. Standard system contracts can be provided to serve operations callable by general smart contracts; 2. Standard events can be emitted by the standard contracts; 3. Oracle Relayers can capture the standard events, and trigger the corresponding cross-chain operations; 4. Dedicated, code-managed address (account) can be created on BC and accessed by the contracts on the BSC, here it is named as **“Contract Address on BC” (CAoB)**. Several standard operations are implemented: 1. BSC to BC transfer: this is implemented in the same way as normal BSC to BC transfer, by only triggered via standard contract. The fund can be transferred to any addresses on BC, including the corresponding CAoB of the transfer originating contract. 2. Transfer on BC: this is implemented as a special cross-chain transfer, while the real transfer is from **CAoB** to any other address (even another CAoB). 3. BC to BSC transfer: this is implemented as two-pass cross-chain communication. The first is triggered by the BSC contract and propagated onto BC, and then in the second pass, BC will start a normal BC to BSC cross-chain transfer, from **CAoB** to contract address on BSC. A special note should be paid on that the BSC contract only increases balance upon any transfer coming in on the second pass, and the error handling in the second pass is the same as the normal BC to BSC transfer. 4. IOC (Immediate-Or-Cancel) Trade Out: the primary goal of transferring assets to BC is to trade. This event will instruct to trade a certain amount of an asset in CAoB into another asset as much as possible and transfer out all the results, i.e. the left the source and the traded target tokens of the trade, back to BSC. BC will handle such relayed events by sending an “Immediate-Or-Cancel”, i.e. IOC order onto the trading pairs, once the next matching finishes, the result will be relayed back to BSC, which can be in either one or two assets. 5. Auction Trade Out: Such event will instruct BC to send an auction order to trade a certain amount of an asset in **CAoB** into another asset as much as possible and transfer out all the results back to BSC at the end of the auction. Auction function is upcoming on BC. There are some details for the Trade Out: 1. both can have a limit price (absolute or relative) for the trade; 2. the end result will be written as cross-chain packages to relay back to BSC; 3. cross-chain communication fees may be charged from the asset transferred back to BSC; 4. BSC contract maintains a mirror of the balance and outstanding orders on CAoB. No matter what error happens during the Trade Out, the final status will be propagated back to the originating contract and clear its internal state. With the above features, it simply adds the cross-chain transfer and exchange functions with high liquidity onto all the smart contracts on BSC. It will greatly add the application scenarios on Smart Contract and dApps, and make 1 chain +1 chain > 2 chains. # Staking and Governance Proof of Staked Authority brings in decentralization and community involvement. Its core logic can be summarized as the below. You may see similar ideas from other networks, especially Cosmos and EOS. 1. Token holders, including the validators, can put their tokens “**bonded**” into the stake. Token holders can **delegate** their tokens onto any validator or validator candidate, to expect it can become an actual validator, and later they can choose a different validator or candidate to **re-delegate** their tokens¹. 2. All validator candidates will be ranked by the number of bonded tokens on them, and the top ones will become the real validators. 3. Validators can share (part of) their blocking reward with their delegators. 4. Validators can suffer from “**Slashing**”, a punishment for their bad behaviors, such as double sign and/or instability. 5. There is an “**unbonding period**” for validators and delegators so that the system makes sure the tokens remain bonded when bad behaviors are caught, the responsible will get slashed during this period. ## Staking on BC Ideally, such staking and reward logic should be built into the blockchain, and automatically executed as the blocking happens. Cosmos Hub, who shares the same Tendermint consensus and libraries with Binance Chain, works in this way. BC has been preparing to enable staking logic since the design days. On the other side, as BSC wants to remain compatible with Ethereum as much as possible, it is a great challenge and efforts to implement such logic on it. This is especially true when Ethereum itself may move into a different Proof of Stake consensus protocol in a short (or longer) time. In order to keep the compatibility and reuse the good foundation of BC, the staking logic of BSC is implemented on BC: 1. The staking token is BNB, as it is a native token on both blockchains anyway 2. The staking, i.e. token bond and delegation actions and records for BSC, happens on BC. 3. The BSC validator set is determined by its staking and delegation logic, via a staking module built on BC for BSC, and propagated every day UTC 00:00 from BC to BSC via Cross-Chain communication. 4. The reward distribution happens on BC around every day UTC 00:00. ## Rewarding Both the validator update and reward distribution happen every day around UTC 00:00. This is to save the cost of frequent staking updates and block reward distribution. This cost can be significant, as the blocking reward is collected on BSC and distributed on BC to BSC validators and delegators. (Please note BC blocking fees will remain rewarding to BC validators only.) A deliberate delay is introduced here to make sure the distribution is fair: 1. The blocking reward will not be sent to validator right away, instead, they will be distributed and accumulated on a contract; 2. Upon receiving the validator set update into BSC, it will trigger a few cross-chain transfers to transfer the reward to custody addresses on the corresponding validators. The custody addresses are owned by the system so that the reward cannot be spent until the promised distribution to delegators happens. 3. In order to make the synchronization simpler and allocate time to accommodate slashing, the reward for N day will be only distributed in N+2 days. After the delegators get the reward, the left will be transferred to validators’ own reward addresses. ## Slashing Slashing is part of the on-chain governance, to ensure the malicious or negative behaviors are punished. BSC slash can be submitted by anyone. The transaction submission requires **slash evidence** and cost fees but also brings a larger reward when it is successful. So far there are two slashable cases. ### Double Sign It is quite a serious error and very likely deliberate offense when a validator signs more than one block with the same height and parent block. The reference protocol implementation should already have logic to prevent this, so only the malicious code can trigger this. When Double Sign happens, the validator should be removed from the Validator **Set** right away. Anyone can submit a slash request on BC with the evidence of Double Sign of BSC, which should contain the 2 block headers with the same height and parent block, sealed by the offending validator. Upon receiving the evidence, if the BC verifies it to be valid: 1. The validator will be removed from validator set by an instance BSC validator set update Cross-Chain update; 2. A predefined amount of BNB would be slashed from the **self-delegated** BNB of the validator; Both validator and its delegators will not receive the staking rewards. 3. Part of the slashed BNB will allocate to the submitter’s address, which is a reward and larger than the cost of submitting slash request transaction 4. The rest of the slashed BNB will allocate to the other validators’ custody addresses, and distributed to all delegators in the same way as blocking reward. ### Inavailability The liveness of BSC relies on everyone in the Proof of Staked Authority validator set can produce blocks timely when it is their turn. Validators can miss their turn due to any reason, especially problems in their hardware, software, configuration or network. This instability of the operation will hurt the performance and introduce more indeterministic into the system. There can be an internal smart contract responsible for recording the missed blocking metrics of each validator. Once the metrics are above the predefined threshold, the blocking reward for validator will not be relayed to BC for distribution but shared with other better validators. In such a way, the poorly-operating validator should be gradually voted out of the validator set as their delegators will receive less or none reward. If the metrics remain above another higher level of threshold, the validator will be dropped from the rotation, and this will be propagated back to BC, then a predefined amount of BNB would be slashed from the **self-delegated** BNB of the validator. Both validators and delegators will not receive their staking rewards. ### Governance Parameters There are many system parameters to control the behavior of the BSC, e.g. slash amount, cross-chain transfer fees. All these parameters will be determined by BSC Validator Set together through a proposal-vote process based on their staking. Such the process will be carried on BC, and the new parameter values will be picked up by corresponding system contracts via a cross-chain communication. # Relayers Relayers are responsible to submit Cross-Chain Communication Packages between the two blockchains. Due to the heterogeneous parallel chain structure, two different types of Relayers are created. ## BSC Relayers Relayers for BC to BSC communication referred to as “**BSC Relayers**”, or just simply “Relayers”. Relayer is a standalone process that can be run by anyone, and anywhere, except that Relayers must register themselves onto BSC and deposit a certain refundable amount of BNB. Only relaying requests from the registered Relayers will be accepted by BSC. The package they relay will be verified by the on-chain light client on BSC. The successful relay needs to pass enough verification and costs gas fees on BSC, and thus there should be incentive reward to encourage the community to run Relayers. ### Incentives There are two major communication types: 1. Users triggered Operations, such as `token bind` or `cross chain transfer`. Users must pay additional fee to as relayer reward. The reward will be shared with the relayers who sync the referenced blockchain headers. Besides, the reward won't be paid the relayers' accounts directly. A reward distribution mechanism will be brought in to avoid monopolization. 2. System Synchronization, such as delivering `refund package`(caused by failures of most oracle relayers), special blockchain header synchronization(header contains BC validatorset update), BSC staking package. System reward contract will pay reward to relayers' accounts directly. If some Relayers have faster networks and better hardware, they can monopolize all the package relaying and leave no reward to others. Thus fewer participants will join for relaying, which encourages centralization and harms the efficiency and security of the network. Ideally, due to the decentralization and dynamic re-election of BSC validators, one Relayer can hardly be always the first to relay every message. But in order to avoid the monopolization further, the rewarding economy is also specially designed to minimize such chance: 1. The reward for Relayers will be only distributed in batches, and one batch will cover a number of successful relayed packages. 2. The reward a Relayer can get from a batch distribution is not linearly in proportion to their number of successful relayed packages. Instead, except the first a few relays, the more a Relayer relays during a batch period, the less reward it will collect. ## Oracle Relayers Relayers for BSC to BC communication are using the “Oracle” model, and so-called “**Oracle Relayers**”. Each of the validators must, and only the ones of the validator set, run Oracle Relayers. Each Oracle Relayer watches the blockchain state change. Once it catches Cross-Chain Communication Packages, it will submit to vote for the requests. After Oracle Relayers from ⅔ of the voting power of BC validators vote for the changes, the cross-chain actions will be performed. Oracle Replayers should wait for enough blocks to confirm the finality on BSC before submitting and voting for the cross-chain communication packages onto BC. The cross-chain fees will be distributed to BC validators together with the normal BC blocking rewards. Such oracle type relaying depends on all the validators to support. As all the votes for the cross-chain communication packages are recorded on the blockchain, it is not hard to have a metric system to assess the performance of the Oracle Relayers. The poorest performer may have their rewards clawed back via another Slashing logic introduced in the future. # Outlook It is hard to conclude for Binance Chain, as it has never stopped evolving. The dual-chain strategy is to open the gate for users to take advantage of the fast transferring and trading on one side, and flexible and extendable programming on the other side, but it will be one stop along the development of Binance Chain. Here below are the topics to look into so as to facilitate the community better for more usability and extensibility: 1. Add different digital asset model for different business use cases 2. Enable more data feed, especially DEX market data, to be communicated from Binance DEX to BSC 3. Provide interface and compatibility to integrate with Ethereum, including its further upgrade, and other blockchain 4. Improve client side experience to manage wallets and use blockchain more conveniently ------ [1]: BNB business practitioners may provide other benefits for BNB delegators, as they do now for long term BNB holders.

Useful Motoko game features to help game developers collaborate and kickstart game development on ICP. Includes examples for a chat system, real-time multiplayer simulation, remote configs, and batch transfer tool.

BUILD YOUR OWN BLOCKCHAIN: A PYTHON TUTORIAL Download the full Jupyter/iPython notebook from Github here Build Your Own Blockchain – The Basics¶ This tutorial will walk you through the basics of how to build a blockchain from scratch. Focusing on the details of a concrete example will provide a deeper understanding of the strengths and limitations of blockchains. For a higher-level overview, I’d recommend this excellent article from BitsOnBlocks. Transactions, Validation, and updating system state¶ At its core, a blockchain is a distributed database with a set of rules for verifying new additions to the database. We’ll start off by tracking the accounts of two imaginary people: Alice and Bob, who will trade virtual money with each other. We’ll need to create a transaction pool of incoming transactions, validate those transactions, and make them into a block. We’ll be using a hash function to create a ‘fingerprint’ for each of our transactions- this hash function links each of our blocks to each other. To make this easier to use, we’ll define a helper function to wrap the python hash function that we’re using. In [1]: import hashlib, json, sys def hashMe(msg=""): # For convenience, this is a helper function that wraps our hashing algorithm if type(msg)!=str: msg = json.dumps(msg,sort_keys=True) # If we don't sort keys, we can't guarantee repeatability! if sys.version_info.major == 2: return unicode(hashlib.sha256(msg).hexdigest(),'utf-8') else: return hashlib.sha256(str(msg).encode('utf-8')).hexdigest() Next, we want to create a function to generate exchanges between Alice and Bob. We’ll indicate withdrawals with negative numbers, and deposits with positive numbers. We’ll construct our transactions to always be between the two users of our system, and make sure that the deposit is the same magnitude as the withdrawal- i.e. that we’re neither creating nor destroying money. In [2]: import random random.seed(0) def makeTransaction(maxValue=3): # This will create valid transactions in the range of (1,maxValue) sign = int(random.getrandbits(1))*2 - 1 # This will randomly choose -1 or 1 amount = random.randint(1,maxValue) alicePays = sign * amount bobPays = -1 * alicePays # By construction, this will always return transactions that respect the conservation of tokens. # However, note that we have not done anything to check whether these overdraft an account return {u'Alice':alicePays,u'Bob':bobPays} Now let’s create a large set of transactions, then chunk them into blocks. In [3]: txnBuffer = [makeTransaction() for i in range(30)] Next step: making our very own blocks! We’ll take the first k transactions from the transaction buffer, and turn them into a block. Before we do that, we need to define a method for checking the valididty of the transactions we’ve pulled into the block. For bitcoin, the validation function checks that the input values are valid unspent transaction outputs (UTXOs), that the outputs of the transaction are no greater than the input, and that the keys used for the signatures are valid. In Ethereum, the validation function checks that the smart contracts were faithfully executed and respect gas limits. No worries, though- we don’t have to build a system that complicated. We’ll define our own, very simple set of rules which make sense for a basic token system: The sum of deposits and withdrawals must be 0 (tokens are neither created nor destroyed) A user’s account must have sufficient funds to cover any withdrawals If either of these conditions are violated, we’ll reject the transaction. In [4]: def updateState(txn, state): # Inputs: txn, state: dictionaries keyed with account names, holding numeric values for transfer amount (txn) or account balance (state) # Returns: Updated state, with additional users added to state if necessary # NOTE: This does not not validate the transaction- just updates the state! # If the transaction is valid, then update the state state = state.copy() # As dictionaries are mutable, let's avoid any confusion by creating a working copy of the data. for key in txn: if key in state.keys(): state[key] += txn[key] else: state[key] = txn[key] return state In [5]: def isValidTxn(txn,state): # Assume that the transaction is a dictionary keyed by account names # Check that the sum of the deposits and withdrawals is 0 if sum(txn.values()) is not 0: return False # Check that the transaction does not cause an overdraft for key in txn.keys(): if key in state.keys(): acctBalance = state[key] else: acctBalance = 0 if (acctBalance + txn[key]) < 0: return False return True Here are a set of sample transactions, some of which are fraudulent- but we can now check their validity! In [6]: state = {u'Alice':5,u'Bob':5} print(isValidTxn({u'Alice': -3, u'Bob': 3},state)) # Basic transaction- this works great! print(isValidTxn({u'Alice': -4, u'Bob': 3},state)) # But we can't create or destroy tokens! print(isValidTxn({u'Alice': -6, u'Bob': 6},state)) # We also can't overdraft our account. print(isValidTxn({u'Alice': -4, u'Bob': 2,'Lisa':2},state)) # Creating new users is valid print(isValidTxn({u'Alice': -4, u'Bob': 3,'Lisa':2},state)) # But the same rules still apply! True False False True False Each block contains a batch of transactions, a reference to the hash of the previous block (if block number is greater than 1), and a hash of its contents and the header Building the Blockchain: From Transactions to Blocks¶ We’re ready to start making our blockchain! Right now, there’s nothing on the blockchain, but we can get things started by defining the ‘genesis block’ (the first block in the system). Because the genesis block isn’t linked to any prior block, it gets treated a bit differently, and we can arbitrarily set the system state. In our case, we’ll create accounts for our two users (Alice and Bob) and give them 50 coins each. In [7]: state = {u'Alice':50, u'Bob':50} # Define the initial state genesisBlockTxns = [state] genesisBlockContents = {u'blockNumber':0,u'parentHash':None,u'txnCount':1,u'txns':genesisBlockTxns} genesisHash = hashMe( genesisBlockContents ) genesisBlock = {u'hash':genesisHash,u'contents':genesisBlockContents} genesisBlockStr = json.dumps(genesisBlock, sort_keys=True) Great! This becomes the first element from which everything else will be linked. In [8]: chain = [genesisBlock] For each block, we want to collect a set of transactions, create a header, hash it, and add it to the chain In [9]: def makeBlock(txns,chain): parentBlock = chain[-1] parentHash = parentBlock[u'hash'] blockNumber = parentBlock[u'contents'][u'blockNumber'] + 1 txnCount = len(txns) blockContents = {u'blockNumber':blockNumber,u'parentHash':parentHash, u'txnCount':len(txns),'txns':txns} blockHash = hashMe( blockContents ) block = {u'hash':blockHash,u'contents':blockContents} return block Let’s use this to process our transaction buffer into a set of blocks: In [10]: blockSizeLimit = 5 # Arbitrary number of transactions per block- # this is chosen by the block miner, and can vary between blocks! while len(txnBuffer) > 0: bufferStartSize = len(txnBuffer) ## Gather a set of valid transactions for inclusion txnList = [] while (len(txnBuffer) > 0) & (len(txnList) < blockSizeLimit): newTxn = txnBuffer.pop() validTxn = isValidTxn(newTxn,state) # This will return False if txn is invalid if validTxn: # If we got a valid state, not 'False' txnList.append(newTxn) state = updateState(newTxn,state) else: print("ignored transaction") sys.stdout.flush() continue # This was an invalid transaction; ignore it and move on ## Make a block myBlock = makeBlock(txnList,chain) chain.append(myBlock) In [11]: chain[0] Out[11]: {'contents': {'blockNumber': 0, 'parentHash': None, 'txnCount': 1, 'txns': [{'Alice': 50, 'Bob': 50}]}, 'hash': '7c88a4312054f89a2b73b04989cd9b9e1ae437e1048f89fbb4e18a08479de507'} In [12]: chain[1] Out[12]: {'contents': {'blockNumber': 1, 'parentHash': '7c88a4312054f89a2b73b04989cd9b9e1ae437e1048f89fbb4e18a08479de507', 'txnCount': 5, 'txns': [{'Alice': 3, 'Bob': -3}, {'Alice': -1, 'Bob': 1}, {'Alice': 3, 'Bob': -3}, {'Alice': -2, 'Bob': 2}, {'Alice': 3, 'Bob': -3}]}, 'hash': '7a91fc8206c5351293fd11200b33b7192e87fad6545504068a51aba868bc6f72'} As expected, the genesis block includes an invalid transaction which initiates account balances (creating tokens out of thin air). The hash of the parent block is referenced in the child block, which contains a set of new transactions which affect system state. We can now see the state of the system, updated to include the transactions: In [13]: state Out[13]: {'Alice': 72, 'Bob': 28} Checking Chain Validity¶ Now that we know how to create new blocks and link them together into a chain, let’s define functions to check that new blocks are valid- and that the whole chain is valid. On a blockchain network, this becomes important in two ways: When we initially set up our node, we will download the full blockchain history. After downloading the chain, we would need to run through the blockchain to compute the state of the system. To protect against somebody inserting invalid transactions in the initial chain, we need to check the validity of the entire chain in this initial download. Once our node is synced with the network (has an up-to-date copy of the blockchain and a representation of system state) it will need to check the validity of new blocks that are broadcast to the network. We will need three functions to facilitate in this: checkBlockHash: A simple helper function that makes sure that the block contents match the hash checkBlockValidity: Checks the validity of a block, given its parent and the current system state. We want this to return the updated state if the block is valid, and raise an error otherwise. checkChain: Check the validity of the entire chain, and compute the system state beginning at the genesis block. This will return the system state if the chain is valid, and raise an error otherwise. In [14]: def checkBlockHash(block): # Raise an exception if the hash does not match the block contents expectedHash = hashMe( block['contents'] ) if block['hash']!=expectedHash: raise Exception('Hash does not match contents of block %s'% block['contents']['blockNumber']) return In [15]: def checkBlockValidity(block,parent,state): # We want to check the following conditions: # - Each of the transactions are valid updates to the system state # - Block hash is valid for the block contents # - Block number increments the parent block number by 1 # - Accurately references the parent block's hash parentNumber = parent['contents']['blockNumber'] parentHash = parent['hash'] blockNumber = block['contents']['blockNumber'] # Check transaction validity; throw an error if an invalid transaction was found. for txn in block['contents']['txns']: if isValidTxn(txn,state): state = updateState(txn,state) else: raise Exception('Invalid transaction in block %s: %s'%(blockNumber,txn)) checkBlockHash(block) # Check hash integrity; raises error if inaccurate if blockNumber!=(parentNumber+1): raise Exception('Hash does not match contents of block %s'%blockNumber) if block['contents']['parentHash'] != parentHash: raise Exception('Parent hash not accurate at block %s'%blockNumber) return state In [16]: def checkChain(chain): # Work through the chain from the genesis block (which gets special treatment), # checking that all transactions are internally valid, # that the transactions do not cause an overdraft, # and that the blocks are linked by their hashes. # This returns the state as a dictionary of accounts and balances, # or returns False if an error was detected ## Data input processing: Make sure that our chain is a list of dicts if type(chain)==str: try: chain = json.loads(chain) assert( type(chain)==list) except: # This is a catch-all, admittedly crude return False elif type(chain)!=list: return False state = {} ## Prime the pump by checking the genesis block # We want to check the following conditions: # - Each of the transactions are valid updates to the system state # - Block hash is valid for the block contents for txn in chain[0]['contents']['txns']: state = updateState(txn,state) checkBlockHash(chain[0]) parent = chain[0] ## Checking subsequent blocks: These additionally need to check # - the reference to the parent block's hash # - the validity of the block number for block in chain[1:]: state = checkBlockValidity(block,parent,state) parent = block return state We can now check the validity of the state: In [17]: checkChain(chain) Out[17]: {'Alice': 72, 'Bob': 28} And even if we are loading the chain from a text file, e.g. from backup or loading it for the first time, we can check the integrity of the chain and create the current state: In [18]: chainAsText = json.dumps(chain,sort_keys=True) checkChain(chainAsText) Out[18]: {'Alice': 72, 'Bob': 28} Putting it together: The final Blockchain Architecture¶ In an actual blockchain network, new nodes would download a copy of the blockchain and verify it (as we just did above), then announce their presence on the peer-to-peer network and start listening for transactions. Bundling transactions into a block, they then pass their proposed block on to other nodes. We’ve seen how to verify a copy of the blockchain, and how to bundle transactions into a block. If we recieve a block from somewhere else, verifying it and adding it to our blockchain is easy. Let’s say that the following code runs on Node A, which mines the block: In [19]: import copy nodeBchain = copy.copy(chain) nodeBtxns = [makeTransaction() for i in range(5)] newBlock = makeBlock(nodeBtxns,nodeBchain) Now assume that the newBlock is transmitted to our node, and we want to check it and update our state if it is a valid block: In [20]: print("Blockchain on Node A is currently %s blocks long"%len(chain)) try: print("New Block Received; checking validity...") state = checkBlockValidity(newBlock,chain[-1],state) # Update the state- this will throw an error if the block is invalid! chain.append(newBlock) except: print("Invalid block; ignoring and waiting for the next block...") print("Blockchain on Node A is now %s blocks long"%len(chain)) Blockchain on Node A is currently 7 blocks long New Block Received; checking validity... Blockchain on Node A is now 8 blocks long

# Cmder [](https://gitter.im/cmderdev/cmder?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge) [](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/MartiUK/cmder) Cmder is a **software package** created out of pure frustration over absence of usable console emulator on Windows. It is based on [ConEmu](https://conemu.github.io/) with *major* config overhaul, comes with a Monokai color scheme, amazing [clink](https://chrisant996.github.io/clink/) (further enhanced by [clink-completions](https://github.com/vladimir-kotikov/clink-completions)) and a custom prompt layout.  ## Why use it The main advantage of Cmder is portability. It is designed to be totally self-contained with no external dependencies, which makes it great for **USB Sticks** or **cloud storage**. So you can carry your console, aliases and binaries (like wget, curl and git) with you anywhere. The Cmder's user interface is also designed to be more eye pleasing, and you can compare the main differences between Cmder and ConEmu [here](https://conemu.github.io/en/cmder.html). ## Installation ### Single User Portable Config 1. Download the [latest release](https://github.com/cmderdev/cmder/releases/) 2. Extract the archive. *Note: This path should not be `C:\Program Files` or anywhere else that would require Administrator access for modifying configuration files* 3. (optional) Place your own executable files into the `%cmder_root%\bin` folder to be injected into your PATH. 4. Run `Cmder.exe` ### Shared Cmder install with Non-Portable Individual User Config 1. Download the [latest release](https://github.com/cmderdev/cmder/releases/) 2. Extract the archive to a shared location. 3. (optional) Place your own executable files and custom app folders into the `%cmder_root%\bin`. See: [bin/README.md](./bin/Readme.md) - This folder to be injected into your PATH by default. - See `/max_depth [1-5]` in 'Command Line Arguments for `init.bat`' table to add subdirectories recursively. 4. (optional) Place your own custom app folders into the `%cmder_root%\opt`. See: [opt/README.md](./opt/Readme.md) - This folder will NOT be injected into your PATH so you have total control of what gets added. 5. Run `Cmder.exe` with `/C` command line argument. Example: `cmder.exe /C %userprofile%\cmder_config` * This will create the following directory structure if it is missing. ``` c:\users\[CH JaDi Rajput]\cmder_config ├───bin ├───config │ └───profile.d └───opt ``` - (optional) Place your own executable files and custom app folders into `%userprofile%\cmder_config\bin`. - This folder to be injected into your PATH by default. - See `/max_depth [1-5]` in 'Command Line Arguments for `init.bat`' table to add subdirectories recursively. - (optional) Place your own custom app folders into the `%user_profile%\cmder_config\opt`. - This folder will NOT be injected into your PATH so you have total control of what gets added. * Both the shared install and the individual user config locations can contain a full set of init and profile.d scripts enabling shared config with user overrides. See below. ## Cmder.exe Command Line Arguments | Argument | Description | | ------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | | `/C [user_root_path]` | Individual user Cmder root folder. Example: `%userprofile%\cmder_config` | | `/M` | Use `conemu-%computername%.xml` for ConEmu settings storage instead of `user_conemu.xml` | | `/REGISTER [ALL, USER]` | Register a Windows Shell Menu shortcut. | | `/UNREGISTER [ALL, USER]` | Un-register a Windows Shell Menu shortcut. | | `/SINGLE` | Start Cmder in single mode. | | `/START [start_path]` | Folder path to start in. | | `/TASK [task_name]` | Task to start after launch. | | `/X [ConEmu extras pars]` | Forwards parameters to ConEmu | ## Context Menu Integration So you've experimented with Cmder a little and want to give it a shot in a more permanent home; ### Shortcut to open Cmder in a chosen folder 1. Open a terminal as an Administrator 2. Navigate to the directory you have placed Cmder 3. Execute `.\cmder.exe /REGISTER ALL` _If you get a message "Access Denied" ensure you are executing the command in an **Administrator** prompt._ In a file explorer window right click in or on a directory to see "Cmder Here" in the context menu. ## Keyboard shortcuts ### Tab manipulation * <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>T</kbd> : New tab dialog (maybe you want to open cmd as admin?) * <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>W</kbd> : Close tab * <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>D</kbd> : Close tab (if pressed on empty command) * <kbd>Shift</kbd> + <kbd>Alt</kbd> + <kbd>#Number</kbd> : Fast new tab: <kbd>1</kbd> - CMD, <kbd>2</kbd> - PowerShell * <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>Tab</kbd> : Switch to next tab * <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>Shift</kbd> + <kbd>Tab</kbd> : Switch to previous tab * <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>#Number</kbd> : Switch to tab #Number * <kbd>Alt</kbd> + <kbd>Enter</kbd>: Fullscreen ### Shell * <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>Alt</kbd> + <kbd>U</kbd> : Traverse up in directory structure (lovely feature!) * <kbd>End</kbd>, <kbd>Home</kbd>, <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> : Traversing text with as usual on Windows * <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>R</kbd> : History search * <kbd>Shift</kbd> + Mouse : Select and copy text from buffer _(Some shortcuts are not yet documented, though they exist - please document them here)_ ## Features ### Access to multiple shells in one window using tabs You can open multiple tabs each containing one of the following shells: | Task | Shell | Description | | ---- | ----- | ----------- | | Cmder | `cmd.exe` | Windows `cmd.exe` shell enhanced with Git, Git aware prompt, Clink (GNU Readline), and Aliases. | | Cmder as Admin | `cmd.exe` | Administrative Windows `cmd.exe` Cmder shell. | | PowerShell | `powershell.exe` | Windows PowerShell enhanced with Git and Git aware prompt . | | PowerShell as Admin | `powershell.exe` | Administrative Windows `powershell.exe` Cmder shell. | | Bash | `bash.exe` | Unix/Linux like bash shell running on Windows. | | Bash as Admin | `bash.exe` | Administrative Unix/Linux like bash shell running on Windows. | | Mintty | `bash.exe` | Unix/Linux like bash shell running on Windows. See below for Mintty configuration differences | | Mintty as Admin | `bash.exe` | Administrative Unix/Linux like bash shell running on Windows. See below for Mintty configuration differences | Cmder, PowerShell, and Bash tabs all run on top of the Windows Console API and work as you might expect in Cmder with access to use ConEmu's color schemes, key bindings and other settings defined in the ConEmu Settings dialog. ⚠ *NOTE:* Only the full edition of Cmder comes with a pre-installed bash, using a vendored [git-for-windows](https://gitforwindows.org/) installation. The pre-configured Bash tabs may not work on Cmder mini edition without additional configuration. You may however, choose to use an external installation of bash, such as Microsoft's [Subsystem for Linux](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install-win10) (called WSL) or the [Cygwin](https://cygwin.com/) project which provides POSIX support on windows. ⚠ *NOTE:* Mintty tabs use a program called 'mintty' as the terminal emulator that is not based on the Windows Console API, rather it's rendered graphically by ConEmu. Mintty differs from the other tabs in that it supports xterm/xterm-256color TERM types, and does not work with ConEmu settings like color schemes and key bindings. As such, some differences in functionality are to be expected, such as Cmder not being able to apply a system-wide configuration to it. As a result mintty specific config is done via the `[%USERPROFILE%|$HOME]/.minttyrc` file. You may read more about Mintty and its config file [here](https://github.com/mintty/mintty). An example of setting Cmder portable terminal colors for mintty: From a bash/mintty shell: ``` cd $CMDER_ROOT/vendor git clone https://github.com/karlin/mintty-colors-solarized.git cd mintty-colors-solarized/ echo source \$CMDER_ROOT/vendor/mintty-colors-solarized/mintty-solarized-dark.sh>>$CMDER_ROOT/config/user_profile.sh ``` You may find some Monokai color schemes for mintty to match Cmder [here](https://github.com/oumu/mintty-color-schemes/blob/master/base16-monokai-mod.minttyrc). ### Changing Cmder Default `cmd.exe` Prompt Config File The default Cmder shell `cmd::Cmder` prompt is customized using `Clink` and is configured by editing a config file that exists in one of two locations: - Single User Portable Config `%CMDER_ROOT%\config\cmder_prompt_config.lua` - Shared Cmder install with Non-Portable Individual User Config `%CMDER_USER_CONFIG%\cmder_prompt_config.lua` If your Cmder setup does not have this file create it from `%CMDER_ROOT%\vendor\cmder_prompt_config.lua.default` Customizations include: - Colors. - Single/Multi-line. - Full path/Folder only. - `[user]@[host]` to the beginning of the prompt. - `~` for home directory. - `λ` symbol Documentation is in the file for each setting. ### Changing Cmder Default `cmd.exe` Shell Startup Behaviour Using Task Arguments 1. Press <kbd>Win</kbd> + <kbd>Alt</kbd> + <kbd>T</kbd> 1. Click either: * `1. {cmd::Cmder as Admin}` * `2. {cmd::Cmder}` 1. Add command line arguments where specified below: *Note: Pay attention to the quotes!* ``` cmd /s /k ""%ConEmuDir%\..\init.bat" [ADD ARGS HERE]" ``` ##### Command Line Arguments for `init.bat` | Argument | Description | Default | | ----------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- | | `/c [user cmder root]` | Enables user bin and config folders for 'Cmder as admin' sessions due to non-shared environment. | not set | | `/d` | Enables debug output. | not set | | `/f` | Enables Cmder Fast Init Mode. This disables some features, see pull request [#1492](https://github.com/cmderdev/cmder/pull/1942) for more details. | not set | | `/t` | Enables Cmder Timed Init Mode. This displays the time taken run init scripts | not set | | `/git_install_root [file path]` | User specified Git installation root path. | `%CMDER_ROOT%\vendor\Git-for-Windows` | | `/home [home folder]` | User specified folder path to set `%HOME%` environment variable. | `%userprofile%` | | `/max_depth [1-5]` | Define max recurse depth when adding to the path for `%cmder_root%\bin` and `%cmder_user_bin%` | 1 | | `/nix_tools [0-2]` | Define how `*nix` tools are added to the path. Prefer Windows Tools: 1, Prefer *nix Tools: 2, No `/usr/bin` in `%PATH%`: 0 | 1 | | `/svn_ssh [path to ssh.exe]` | Define `%SVN_SSH%` so we can use git svn with ssh svn repositories. | `%GIT_INSTALL_ROOT%\bin\ssh.exe` | | `/user_aliases [file path]` | File path pointing to user aliases. | `%CMDER_ROOT%\config\user_aliases.cmd` | | `/v` | Enables verbose output. | not set | | (custom arguments) | User defined arguments processed by `cexec`. Type `cexec /?` for more usage. | not set | ### Cmder Shell User Config Single user portable configuration is possible using the cmder specific shell config files. Edit the below files to add your own configuration: | Shell | Cmder Portable User Config | | ------------- | ----------------------------------------- | | Cmder | `%CMDER_ROOT%\config\user_profile.cmd` | | PowerShell | `$ENV:CMDER_ROOT\config\user_profile.ps1` | | Bash/Mintty | `$CMDER_ROOT/config/user_profile.sh` | Note: Bash and Mintty sessions will also source the `$HOME/.bashrc` file if it exists after it sources `$CMDER_ROOT/config/user_profile.sh`. You can write `*.cmd|*.bat`, `*.ps1`, and `*.sh` scripts and just drop them in the `%CMDER_ROOT%\config\profile.d` folder to add startup config to Cmder. | Shell | Cmder `Profile.d` Scripts | | ------------- | -------------------------------------------------- | | Cmder | `%CMDER_ROOT%\config\profile.d\*.bat and *.cmd` | | PowerShell | `$ENV:CMDER_ROOT\config\profile.d\*.ps1` | | Bash/Mintty | `$CMDER_ROOT/config/profile.d/*.sh` | #### Git Status Opt-Out To disable Cmder prompt git status globally add the following to `~/.gitconfig` or locally for a single repo `[repo]/.git/config` and start a new session. *Note: This configuration is not portable* ``` [cmder] status = false # Opt out of Git status for 'ALL' Cmder supported shells. cmdstatus = false # Opt out of Git status for 'Cmd.exe' shells. psstatus = false # Opt out of Git status for 'Powershell.exe and 'Pwsh.exe' shells. shstatus = false # Opt out of Git status for 'bash.exe' shells. ``` ### Aliases #### Cmder(`Cmd.exe`) Aliases You can define simple aliases for `cmd.exe` sessions with a command like `alias name=command`. Cmd.exe aliases support optional parameters through the `$1-9` or the `$*` special characters so the alias `vi=vim.exe $*` typed as `vi [filename]` will open `[filename]` in `vim.exe`. Cmd.exe aliases can also be more complex. See: [DOSKEY.EXE documentation](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/doskey) for additional details on complex aliases/macros for `cmd.exe` Aliases defined using the `alias.bat` command will automatically be saved in the `%CMDER_ROOT%\config\user_aliases.cmd` file To make an alias and/or any other profile settings permanent add it to one of the following: Note: These are loaded in this order by `$CMDER_ROOT/vendor/init.bat`. Anything stored in `%CMDER_ROOT%` will be a portable setting and will follow cmder to another machine. * `%CMDER_ROOT%\config\profile.d\*.cmd` and `\*.bat` * `%CMDER_ROOT%\config\user_aliases.cmd` * `%CMDER_ROOT%\config\user_profile.cmd` #### Bash.exe|Mintty.exe Aliases Bash shells support simple and complex aliases with optional parameters natively so they work a little different. Typing `alias name=command` will create an alias only for the current running session. To make an alias and/or any other profile settings permanent add it to one of the following: Note: These are loaded in this order by `$CMDER_ROOT/vendor/git-for-windows/etc/profile.d/cmder.sh`. Anything stored in `$CMDER_ROOT` will be a portable setting and will follow cmder to another machine. * `$CMDER_ROOT/config/profile.d/*.sh` * `$CMDER_ROOT/config/user_profile.sh` * `$HOME/.bashrc` If you add bash aliases to `$CMDER_ROOT/config/user_profile.sh` they will be portable and follow your Cmder folder if you copy it to another machine. `$HOME/.bashrc` defined aliases are not portable. #### PowerShell.exe Aliases PowerShell has native simple alias support, for example `[new-alias | set-alias] alias command`, so complex aliases with optional parameters are not supported in PowerShell sessions. Type `get-help [new-alias|set-alias] -full` for help on PowerShell aliases. To make an alias and/or any other profile settings permanent add it to one of the following: Note: These are loaded in this order by `$ENV:CMDER_ROOT\vendor\user_profile.ps1`. Anything stored in `$ENV:CMDER_ROOT` will be a portable setting and will follow cmder to another machine. * `$ENV:CMDER_ROOT\config\profile.d\*.ps1` * `$ENV:CMDER_ROOT\config\user_profile.ps1` ### SSH Agent To start the vendored SSH agent simply call `start-ssh-agent`, which is in the `vendor/git-for-windows/cmd` folder. If you want to run SSH agent on startup, include the line `@call "%GIT_INSTALL_ROOT%/cmd/start-ssh-agent.cmd"` in `%CMDER_ROOT%/config/user_profile.cmd` (usually just uncomment it). ### Vendored Git Cmder is by default shipped with a vendored Git installation. On each instance of launching Cmder, an attempt is made to locate any other user provided Git binaries. Upon finding a `git.exe` binary, Cmder further compares its version against the vendored one _by executing_ it. The vendored `git.exe` binary is _only_ used when it is more recent than the user-installed one. You may use your favorite version of Git by including its path in the `%PATH%` environment variable. Moreover, the **Mini** edition of Cmder (found on the [downloads page](https://github.com/cmderdev/cmder/releases)) excludes any vendored Git binaries. ### Using external Cygwin/Babun, MSys2, WSL, or Git for Windows SDK with Cmder. You may run bash (the default shell used on Linux, macOS and GNU/Hurd) externally on Cmder, using the following instructions: 1. Setup a new task by pressing <kbd>Win</kbd> +<kbd>Alt</kbd> + <kbd>T</kbd>. 1. Click the `+` button to add a task. 1. Name the new task in the top text box. 1. Provide task parameters, this is optional. 1. Add `cmd /c "[path_to_external_env]\bin\bash --login -i" -new_console` to the `Commands` text box. **Recommended Optional Steps:** Copy the `vendor/cmder_exinit` file to the Cygwin/Babun, MSys2, or Git for Windows SDK environments `/etc/profile.d/` folder to use portable settings in the `$CMDER_ROOT/config` folder. Note: MinGW could work if the init scripts include `profile.d` but this has not been tested. The destination file extension depends on the shell you use in that environment. For example: * bash - Copy to `/etc/profile.d/cmder_exinit.sh` * zsh - Copy to `/etc/profile.d/cmder_exinit.zsh` Uncomment and edit the below line in the script to use Cmder config even when launched from outside Cmder. ``` # CMDER_ROOT=${USERPROFILE}/cmder # This is not required if launched from Cmder. ``` ### Customizing user sessions using `init.bat` custom arguments. You can pass custom arguments to `init.bat` and use `cexec.cmd` in your `user_profile.cmd` to evaluate these arguments then execute commands based on a particular flag being detected or not. `init.bat` creates two shortcuts for using `cexec.cmd` in your profile scripts. #### `%ccall%` - Evaluates flags, runs commands if found, and returns to the calling script and continues. ``` ccall=call C:\Users\user\cmderdev\vendor\bin\cexec.cmd ``` Example: `%ccall% /startnotepad start notepad.exe` #### `%cexec%` - Evaluates flags, runs commands if found, and does not return to the calling script. ``` cexec=C:\Users\user\cmderdev\vendor\bin\cexec.cmd ``` Example: `%cexec% /startnotepad start notepad.exe` It is useful when you have multiple tasks to execute `cmder` and need it to initialize the session differently depending on the task chosen. To conditionally start `notepad.exe` when you start a specific `cmder` task: * Press <kbd>win</kbd>+<kbd>alt</kbd>+<kbd>t</kbd> * Click `+` to add a new task. * Add the below to the `Commands` block: ```batch cmd.exe /k ""%ConEmuDir%\..\init.bat" /startnotepad" ``` * Add the below to your `%cmder_root%\config\user_profile.cmd` ```batch %ccall% "/startNotepad" "start" "notepad.exe"` ``` To see detailed usage of `cexec`, type `cexec /?` in cmder. ### Integrating Cmder with [Hyper](https://github.com/zeit/hyper), [Microsoft VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/), and your favorite IDEs Cmder by default comes with a vendored ConEmu installation as the underlying terminal emulator, as stated [here](https://conemu.github.io/en/cmder.html). However, Cmder can in fact run in a variety of other terminal emulators, and even integrated IDEs. Assuming you have the latest version of Cmder, follow the following instructions to get Cmder working with your own terminal emulator. For instructions on how to integrate Cmder with your IDE, please read our [Wiki section](https://github.com/cmderdev/cmder/wiki#cmder-integration). ## Upgrading The process of upgrading Cmder depends on the version/build you are currently running. If you have a `[cmder_root]/config/user[-|_]conemu.xml`, you are running a newer version of Cmder, follow the below process: 1. Exit all Cmder sessions and relaunch `[cmder_root]/cmder.exe`, this backs up your existing `[cmder_root]/vendor/conemu-maximus5/conemu.xml` to `[cmder_root]/config/user[-|_]conemu.xml`. * The `[cmder_root]/config/user[-|_]conemu.xml` contains any custom settings you have made using the 'Setup Tasks' settings dialog. 2. Exit all Cmder sessions and backup any files you have manually edited under `[cmder_root]/vendor`. * Editing files under `[cmder_root]/vendor` is not recommended since you will need to re-apply these changes after any upgrade. All user customizations should go in `[cmder_root]/config` folder. 3. Delete the `[cmder_root]/vendor` folder. 4. Extract the new `cmder.zip` or `cmder_mini.zip` into `[cmder_root]/` overwriting all files when prompted. If you do not have a `[cmder_root]/config/user[-|_]conemu.xml`, you are running an older version of cmder, follow the below process: 1. Exit all Cmder sessions and backup `[cmder_root]/vendor/conemu-maximus5/conemu.xml` to `[cmder_root]/config/user[-|_]conemu.xml`. 2. Backup any files you have manually edited under `[cmder_root]/vendor`. * Editing files under `[cmder_root]/vendor` is not recommended since you will need to re-apply these changes after any upgrade. All user customizations should go in `[cmder_root]/config` folder. 3. Delete the `[cmder_root]/vendor` folder. 4. Extract the new `cmder.zip` or `cmder_mini.zip` into `[cmder_root]/` overwriting all files when prompted. ## Current development builds You can download builds of the current development branch by going to AppVeyor via the following link: [](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/MartiUK/cmder/branch/master/artifacts) ## License All software included is bundled with own license The MIT License (MIT) Copyright (c) 2016 Samuel Vasko Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | Notes | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ # If you want to use special characters in this document, such as accented letters, you MUST save the file as UTF-8, not ANSI. # If you receive an error when Essentials loads, ensure that: # - No tabs are present: YAML only allows spaces # - Indents are correct: YAML hierarchy is based entirely on indentation # - You have "escaped" all apostrophes in your text: If you want to write "don't", for example, write "don''t" instead (note the doubled apostrophe) # - Text with symbols is enclosed in single or double quotation marks # If you have problems join the Essentials help support channel: http://tiny.cc/EssentialsChat ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | Essentials (Global) | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ # A color code between 0-9 or a-f. Set to 'none' to disable. ops-name-color: '4' # The character(s) to prefix all nicknames, so that you know they are not true usernames. nickname-prefix: '~' # The maximum length allowed in nicknames. The nickname prefix is included in this. max-nick-length: 15 # Disable this if you have any other plugin, that modifies the displayname of a user. change-displayname: true # When this option is enabled, the (tab) player list will be updated with the displayname. # The value of change-displayname (above) has to be true. #change-playerlist: true # When essentialschat.jar isn't used, force essentials to add the prefix and suffix from permission plugins to displayname. # This setting is ignored if essentialschat.jar is used, and defaults to 'true'. # The value of change-displayname (above) has to be true. # Do not edit this setting unless you know what you are doing! #add-prefix-suffix: false # If the teleport destination is unsafe, should players be teleported to the nearest safe location? # If this is set to true, Essentials will attempt to teleport players close to the intended destination. # If this is set to false, attempted teleports to unsafe locations will be cancelled with a warning. teleport-safety: true # The delay, in seconds, required between /home, /tp, etc. teleport-cooldown: 3 # The delay, in seconds, before a user actually teleports. If the user moves or gets attacked in this timeframe, the teleport never occurs. teleport-delay: 5 # The delay, in seconds, a player can't be attacked by other players after they have been teleported by a command. # This will also prevent the player attacking other players. teleport-invulnerability: 4 # The delay, in seconds, required between /heal or /feed attempts. heal-cooldown: 60 # What to prevent from /i /give. # e.g item-spawn-blacklist: 46,11,10 item-spawn-blacklist: # Set this to true if you want permission based item spawn rules. # Note: The blacklist above will be ignored then. # Example permissions (these go in your permissions manager): # - essentials.itemspawn.item-all # - essentials.itemspawn.item-[itemname] # - essentials.itemspawn.item-[itemid] # - essentials.give.item-all # - essentials.give.item-[itemname] # - essentials.give.item-[itemid] # - essentials.unlimited.item-all # - essentials.unlimited.item-[itemname] # - essentials.unlimited.item-[itemid] # - essentials.unlimited.item-bucket # Unlimited liquid placing # # For more information, visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Command_Reference/ICheat#Item.2FGive permission-based-item-spawn: false # Mob limit on the /spawnmob command per execution. spawnmob-limit: 1 # Shall we notify users when using /lightning? warn-on-smite: true # motd and rules are now configured in the files motd.txt and rules.txt. # When a command conflicts with another plugin, by default, Essentials will try to force the OTHER plugin to take priority. # Commands in this list, will tell Essentials to 'not give up' the command to other plugins. # In this state, which plugin 'wins' appears to be almost random. # # If you have two plugin with the same command and you wish to force Essentials to take over, you need an alias. # To force essentials to take 'god' alias 'god' to 'egod'. # See http://wiki.bukkit.org/Bukkit.yml#aliases for more information overridden-commands: # - god # - info # Disabling commands here will prevent Essentials handling the command, this will not affect command conflicts. # Commands should fallback to the vanilla versions if available. # You should not have to disable commands used in other plugins, they will automatically get priority. disabled-commands: # - nick # - clear - mail - mail.send - nuke - afk # These commands will be shown to players with socialSpy enabled. # You can add commands from other plugins you may want to track or # remove commands that are used for something you dont want to spy on. socialspy-commands: - msg - w - r - mail - m - t - whisper - emsg - tell - er - reply - ereply - email - action - describe - eme - eaction - edescribe - etell - ewhisper - pm # If you do not wish to use a permission system, you can define a list of 'player perms' below. # This list has no effect if you are using a supported permissions system. # If you are using an unsupported permissions system, simply delete this section. # Whitelist the commands and permissions you wish to give players by default (everything else is op only). # These are the permissions without the "essentials." part. player-commands: - afk - afk.auto - back - back.ondeath - balance - balance.others - balancetop - build - chat.color - chat.format - chat.shout - chat.question - clearinventory - compass - depth - delhome - getpos - geoip.show - help - helpop - home - home.others - ignore - info - itemdb - kit - kits.tools - list - mail - mail.send - me - motd - msg - msg.color - nick - near - pay - ping - protect - r - rules - realname - seen - sell - sethome - setxmpp - signs.create.protection - signs.create.trade - signs.break.protection - signs.break.trade - signs.use.balance - signs.use.buy - signs.use.disposal - signs.use.enchant - signs.use.free - signs.use.gamemode - signs.use.heal - signs.use.info - signs.use.kit - signs.use.mail - signs.use.protection - signs.use.repair - signs.use.sell - signs.use.time - signs.use.trade - signs.use.warp - signs.use.weather - spawn - suicide - time - tpa - tpaccept - tpahere - tpdeny - warp - warp.list - world - worth - xmpp # Note: All items MUST be followed by a quantity! # All kit names should be lower case, and will be treated as lower in permissions/costs. # Syntax: - itemID[:DataValue/Durability] Amount [Enchantment:Level].. [itemmeta:value]... # For Item meta information visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Item_Meta # 'delay' refers to the cooldown between how often you can use each kit, measured in seconds. # For more information, visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Kits kits: Goblin: delay: 3600 items: - 272 1 sharpness:2 unbreaking:1 looting:1 name:&8[&2Goblin&8]&fSword - 306 1 unbreaking:1 protection:1 name:&8[&2Goblin&8]&fHelmet - 307 1 unbreaking:1 protection:1 name:&8[&2Goblin&8]&fChestplate - 308 1 unbreaking:1 protection:1 name:&8[&2Goblin&8]&fLeggings - 309 1 unbreaking:1 protection:1 name:&8[&2Goblin&8]&fBoots - 256 1 efficiency:1 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&2Goblin&8]&fShovel - 257 1 efficiency:1 unbreaking:1 fortune:1 name:&8[&2Goblin&8]&fPickaxe - 258 1 efficiency:1 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&2Goblin&8]&fAxe - 364 16 Griefer: delay: 14400 items: - 276 1 sharpness:3 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&d&lGriefer&8]&fSword - 322:1 1 - 310 1 protection:2 name:&8[&d&lGriefer&8]&fHelmet - 311 1 protection:2 name:&8[&d&lGriefer&8]&fChestplate - 312 1 protection:2 name:&8[&d&lGriefer&8]&fLeggings - 313 1 protection:2 name:&8[&d&lGriefer&8]&fBoots Villager: delay: 43200 items: - 267 1 sharpness:4 name:&8[&eVillager&8]&fSword - 306 1 unbreaking:3 protection:4 name:&8[&eVillager&8]&fHelmet - 307 1 unbreaking:3 protection:4 name:&8[&eVillager&8]&fChestplate - 308 1 unbreaking:3 protection:4 name:&8[&eVillager&8]&fLeggings - 309 1 unbreaking:3 protection:4 name:&8[&eVillager&8]&fBoots - 388 10 - 383:120 2 Knight: delay: 43200 items: - 276 1 sharpness:3 name:&8[&cKnight&8]&fSword - 310 1 protection:2 name:&8[&cKnight&8]&fHelmet - 311 1 protection:2 name:&8[&cKnight&8]&fChestplate - 312 1 protection:2 name:&8[&cKnight&8]&fLeggings - 313 1 protection:2 name:&8[&cKnight&8]&fBoots - 388 20 - 383:120 4 King: delay: 43200 items: - 276 1 sharpness:4 fire:1 name:&8[&5King&8]&fSword - 310 1 protection:4 name:&8[&5King&8]&fHelmet - 311 1 protection:4 name:&8[&5King&8]&fChestplate - 312 1 protection:4 name:&8[&5King&8]&fLeggings - 313 1 protection:4 name:&8[&5King&8]&fBoots - 388 30 - 383:120 6 Hero: delay: 43200 items: - 276 1 sharpness:4 fire:2 name:&8[&aHero&8]&fSword - 310 1 protection:4 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&aHero&8]&fHelmet - 311 1 protection:4 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&aHero&8]&fChestplate - 312 1 protection:4 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&aHero&8]&fLeggings - 313 1 protection:4 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&aHero&8]&fBoots - 388 40 - 383:120 8 God: delay: 43200 items: - 276 1 sharpness:5 fire:2 name:&8[&4God&8]&fSword - 310 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&4God&8]&fHelmet - 311 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&4God&8]&fChestplate - 312 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&4God&8]&fLeggings - 313 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&4God&8]&fBoots - 388 50 - 383:120 10 - 322:1 5 Legend: delay: 43200 items: - 276 1 sharpness:5 fire:2 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&6&lLegend&8]&fSword - 310 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 thorns:3 name:&8[&6&lLegend&8]&fHelmet - 311 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 thorns:3 name:&8[&6&lLegend&8]&fChestplate - 312 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 thorns:3 name:&8[&6&lLegend&8]&fLeggings - 313 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 thorns:3 name:&8[&6&lLegend&8]&fBoots - 388 60 - 383:120 12 - 322:1 10 - 383:50 5 - 261 1 flame:1 power:5 punch:2 unbreaking:3 infinity:1 name:&8[&6&lLegend&8]&fBow - 262 1 - 279 1 sharpness:5 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&6&lLegend&8]&fAxe Youtube: delay: 43200 items: - 276 1 sharpness:5 fire:2 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&f&lYou&c&lTube&8]&fSword - 310 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 thorns:3 name:&8[&f&lYou&c&lTube&8]&fHelmet - 311 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 thorns:3 name:&8[&f&lYou&c&lTube&8]&fChestplate - 312 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 thorns:3 name:&8[&f&lYou&c&lTube&8]&fLeggings - 313 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 thorns:3 name:&8[&f&lYou&c&lTube&8]&fBoots - 388 60 - 383:120 12 - 322:1 10 - 383:50 5 - 261 1 flame:1 power:5 punch:2 unbreaking:3 infinity:1 name:&8[&f&lYou&c&lTube&8]&fBow - 262 1 - 279 1 sharpness:5 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&f&lYou&c&lTube&8]&fAxe Join: delay: 3600 items: - 17 16 - 333 1 - 49 32 - 50 16 - 4 64 - 373:8258 1 - 320 16 Reset: delay: 31536000 items: - 272 1 sharpness:4 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&cR&ee&as&be&dt&8]&fSword - 298 1 protection:3 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&cR&ee&as&be&dt&8]&fHelmet - 299 1 protection:3 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&cR&ee&as&be&dt&8]&fChestplate - 300 1 protection:3 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&cR&ee&as&be&dt&8]&fLeggings - 301 1 protection:3 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&cR&ee&as&be&dt&8]&fBoots - 354 1 name:&f&l Cake &4Vote # Essentials Sign Control # See http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Sign_Tutorial for instructions on how to use these. # To enable signs, remove # symbol. To disable all signs, comment/remove each sign. # Essentials Colored sign support will be enabled when any sign types are enabled. # Color is not an actual sign, it's for enabling using color codes on signs, when the correct permissions are given. enabledSigns: - color - balance - buy - sell #- trade #- free #- disposal #- warp #- kit #- mail #- enchant #- gamemode #- heal #- info #- spawnmob #- repair #- time #- weather # How many times per second can Essentials signs be interacted with per player. # Values should be between 1-20, 20 being virtually no lag protection. # Lower numbers will reduce the possibility of lag, but may annoy players. sign-use-per-second: 4 # Backup runs a batch/bash command while saving is disabled. backup: # Interval in minutes. interval: 30 # Unless you add a valid backup command or script here, this feature will be useless. # Use 'save-all' to simply force regular world saving without backup. #command: 'rdiff-backup World1 backups/World1' # Set this true to enable permission per warp. per-warp-permission: false # Sort output of /list command by groups. # You can hide and merge the groups displayed in /list by defining the desired behaviour here. # Detailed instructions and examples can be found on the wiki: http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/List list: # To merge groups, list the groups you wish to merge #Staff: owner admin moderator Admins: owner admin # To limit groups, set a max user limit #builder: 20 # To hide groups, set the group as hidden #default: hidden # Uncomment the line below to simply list all players with no grouping #Players: '*' # More output to the console. debug: false # Set the locale for all messages. # If you don't set this, the default locale of the server will be used. # For example, to set language to English, set locale to en, to use the file "messages_en.properties". # Don't forget to remove the # in front of the line. # For more information, visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Locale #locale: en # Turn off god mode when people exit. remove-god-on-disconnect: false # Auto-AFK # After this timeout in seconds, the user will be set as afk. # This feature requires the player to have essentials.afk.auto node. # Set to -1 for no timeout. auto-afk: 300 # Auto-AFK Kick # After this timeout in seconds, the user will be kicked from the server. # essentials.afk.kickexempt node overrides this feature. # Set to -1 for no timeout. auto-afk-kick: -1 # Set this to true, if you want to freeze the player, if he is afk. # Other players or monsters can't push him out of afk mode then. # This will also enable temporary god mode for the afk player. # The player has to use the command /afk to leave the afk mode. freeze-afk-players: false # When the player is afk, should he be able to pickup items? # Enable this, when you don't want people idling in mob traps. disable-item-pickup-while-afk: false # This setting controls if a player is marked as active on interaction. # When this setting is false, you will need to manually un-AFK using the /afk command. cancel-afk-on-interact: true # Should we automatically remove afk status when the player moves? # Player will be removed from AFK on chat/command regardless of this setting. # Disable this to reduce server lag. cancel-afk-on-move: true # You can disable the death messages of Minecraft here. death-messages: false # Should operators be able to join and part silently. # You can control this with permissions if it is enabled. allow-silent-join-quit: true # You can set a custom join message here, set to "none" to disable. # You may use color codes, use {USERNAME} the player's name or {PLAYER} for the player's displayname. custom-join-message: "" # You can set a custom quit message here, set to "none" to disable. # You may use color codes, use {USERNAME} the player's name or {PLAYER} for the player's displayname. custom-quit-message: "" # Add worlds to this list, if you want to automatically disable god mode there. no-god-in-worlds: # - world_nether # Set to true to enable per-world permissions for teleporting between worlds with essentials commands. # This applies to /world, /back, /tp[a|o][here|all], but not warps. # Give someone permission to teleport to a world with essentials.worlds.<worldname> # This does not affect the /home command, there is a separate toggle below for this. world-teleport-permissions: false # The number of items given if the quantity parameter is left out in /item or /give. # If this number is below 1, the maximum stack size size is given. If over-sized stacks. # are not enabled, any number higher than the maximum stack size results in more than one stack. default-stack-size: -1 # Over-sized stacks are stacks that ignore the normal max stack size. # They can be obtained using /give and /item, if the player has essentials.oversizedstacks permission. # How many items should be in an over-sized stack? oversized-stacksize: 64 # Allow repair of enchanted weapons and armor. # If you set this to false, you can still allow it for certain players using the permission. # essentials.repair.enchanted repair-enchanted: true # Allow 'unsafe' enchantments in kits and item spawning. # Warning: Mixing and overleveling some enchantments can cause issues with clients, servers and plugins. unsafe-enchantments: false #Do you want essentials to keep track of previous location for /back in the teleport listener? #If you set this to true any plugin that uses teleport will have the previous location registered. register-back-in-listener: false #Delay to wait before people can cause attack damage after logging in. login-attack-delay: 5 #Set the max fly speed, values range from 0.1 to 1.0 max-fly-speed: 0.8 #Set the max walk speed, values range from 0.1 to 1.0 max-walk-speed: 0.8 #Set the maximum amount of mail that can be sent within a minute. mails-per-minute: 1000 # Set the maximum time /tempban can be used for in seconds. # Set to -1 to disable, and essentials.tempban.unlimited can be used to override. max-tempban-time: -1 ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | EssentialsHome | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ # Allows people to set their bed at daytime. update-bed-at-daytime: true # Set to true to enable per-world permissions for using homes to teleport between worlds. # This applies to the /home only. # Give someone permission to teleport to a world with essentials.worlds.<worldname> world-home-permissions: false # Allow players to have multiple homes. # Players need essentials.sethome.multiple before they can have more than 1 home. # You can set the default number of multiple homes using the 'default' rank below. # To remove the home limit entirely, give people 'essentials.sethome.multiple.unlimited'. # To grant different home amounts to different people, you need to define a 'home-rank' below. # Create the 'home-rank' below, and give the matching permission: essentials.sethome.multiple.<home-rank> # For more information, visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Multihome sethome-multiple: Goblin: 1 Villager: 2 Knight: 3 King: 4 Hero: 5 God: 6 # In this example someone with 'essentials.sethome.multiple' and 'essentials.sethome.multiple.vip' will have 5 homes. # Set timeout in seconds for players to accept tpa before request is cancelled. # Set to 0 for no timeout. tpa-accept-cancellation: 120 ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | EssentialsEco | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ # For more information, visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Essentials_Economy # Defines the balance with which new players begin. Defaults to 0. starting-balance: 1000 # worth-# defines the value of an item when it is sold to the server via /sell. # These are now defined in worth.yml # Defines the cost to use the given commands PER USE. # Some commands like /repair have sub-costs, check the wiki for more information. command-costs: # /example costs $1000 PER USE #example: 1000 # /kit tools costs $1500 PER USE #kit-tools: 1500 # Set this to a currency symbol you want to use. currency-symbol: '$' # Set the maximum amount of money a player can have. # The amount is always limited to 10 trillion because of the limitations of a java double. max-money: 10000000000000 # Set the minimum amount of money a player can have (must be above the negative of max-money). # Setting this to 0, will disable overdrafts/loans completely. Users need 'essentials.eco.loan' perm to go below 0. min-money: -10000 # Enable this to log all interactions with trade/buy/sell signs and sell command. economy-log-enabled: false ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | EssentialsHelp | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ # Show other plugins commands in help. non-ess-in-help: true # Hide plugins which do not give a permission. # You can override a true value here for a single plugin by adding a permission to a user/group. # The individual permission is: essentials.help.<plugin>, anyone with essentials.* or '*' will see all help regardless. # You can use negative permissions to remove access to just a single plugins help if the following is enabled. hide-permissionless-help: true ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | EssentialsChat | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ chat: # If EssentialsChat is installed, this will define how far a player's voice travels, in blocks. Set to 0 to make all chat global. # Note that users with the "essentials.chat.spy" permission will hear everything, regardless of this setting. # Users with essentials.chat.shout can override this by prefixing text with an exclamation mark (!) # Users with essentials.chat.question can override this by prefixing text with a question mark (?) # You can add command costs for shout/question by adding chat-shout and chat-question to the command costs section." radius: 0 # Chat formatting can be done in two ways, you can either define a standard format for all chat. # Or you can give a group specific chat format, to give some extra variation. # If set to the default chat format which "should" be compatible with ichat. # For more information of chat formatting, check out the wiki: http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Chat_Formatting format: '<{DISPLAYNAME}> {MESSAGE}' #format: '&7[{GROUP}]&r {DISPLAYNAME}&7:&r {MESSAGE}' group-formats: Goblin: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f&o {MESSAGE}' Youtuber: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Witch: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f&o {MESSAGE}' Wizard: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Sorcerer: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Raider: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Greifer: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&a {MESSAGE}' ChatMod: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Owner: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&c {MESSAGE}' OP: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Developer: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' HeadAdmin: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Admin: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' JuniorAdmin: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' StaffManager: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' ForumAdmin: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' HeadModerator: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Moderator: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Helper: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Villager: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Knight: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' King: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Hero: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' God: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Legend: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&b {MESSAGE}' # If you are using group formats make sure to remove the '#' to allow the setting to be read. ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | EssentialsProtect | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ protect: # General physics/behavior modifications. prevent: lava-flow: false water-flow: false water-bucket-flow: false fire-spread: true lava-fire-spread: true flint-fire: false lightning-fire-spread: true portal-creation: false tnt-explosion: false tnt-playerdamage: false tnt-minecart-explosion: false tnt-minecart-playerdamage: false fireball-explosion: false fireball-fire: false fireball-playerdamage: false witherskull-explosion: false witherskull-playerdamage: false wither-spawnexplosion: false wither-blockreplace: false creeper-explosion: false creeper-playerdamage: false creeper-blockdamage: false enderdragon-blockdamage: true enderman-pickup: false villager-death: false # Monsters won't follow players. # permission essentials.protect.entitytarget.bypass disables this. entitytarget: false # Prevent the spawning of creatures. spawn: creeper: false skeleton: false spider: false giant: false zombie: false slime: false ghast: false pig_zombie: false enderman: false cave_spider: false silverfish: false blaze: false magma_cube: false ender_dragon: false pig: false sheep: false cow: false chicken: false squid: false wolf: false mushroom_cow: false snowman: false ocelot: false iron_golem: false villager: false wither: true bat: false witch: false horse: false # Maximum height the creeper should explode. -1 allows them to explode everywhere. # Set prevent.creeper-explosion to true, if you want to disable creeper explosions. creeper: max-height: -1 # Disable various default physics and behaviors. disable: # Should fall damage be disabled? fall: false # Users with the essentials.protect.pvp permission will still be able to attack each other if this is set to true. # They will be unable to attack users without that same permission node. pvp: false # Should drowning damage be disabled? # (Split into two behaviors; generally, you want both set to the same value.) drown: false suffocate: false # Should damage via lava be disabled? Items that fall into lava will still burn to a crisp. ;) lavadmg: false # Should arrow damage be disabled? projectiles: false # This will disable damage from touching cacti. contactdmg: false # Burn, baby, burn! Should fire damage be disabled? firedmg: false # Should the damage after hit by a lightning be disabled? lightning: false # Should Wither damage be disabled? wither: false # Disable weather options? weather: storm: false thunder: false lightning: false ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | EssentialsAntiBuild | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ # Disable various default physics and behaviors # For more information, visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/AntiBuild # Should people with build: false in permissions be allowed to build? # Set true to disable building for those people. # Setting to false means EssentialsAntiBuild will never prevent you from building. build: true # Should people with build: false in permissions be allowed to use items? # Set true to disable using for those people. # Setting to false means EssentialsAntiBuild will never prevent you from using items. use: true # Should we tell people they are not allowed to build? warn-on-build-disallow: true # For which block types would you like to be alerted? # You can find a list of IDs in plugins/Essentials/items.csv after loading Essentials for the first time. # 10 = lava :: 11 = still lava :: 46 = TNT :: 327 = lava bucket alert: on-placement: 10,11,46,327 on-use: 327 on-break: blacklist: # Which blocks should people be prevented from placing? placement: 10,11,46,327 # Which items should people be prevented from using? usage: 327 # Which blocks should people be prevented from breaking? break: # Which blocks should not be pushed by pistons? piston: # Which blocks should not be dispensed by dispensers dispenser: ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | Essentials Spawn / New Players | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ newbies: # Should we announce to the server when someone logs in for the first time? # If so, use this format, replacing {DISPLAYNAME} with the player name. # If not, set to '' #announce-format: '' announce-format: '&cWelcome &e&l{DISPLAYNAME}&c to the &8R&7e&8t&7r&8o&4-&cFactions server!' # When we spawn for the first time, which spawnpoint do we use? # Set to "none" if you want to use the spawn point of the world. spawnpoint: newbies # Do we want to give users anything on first join? Set to '' to disable # This kit will be given regardless of cost, and permissions. #kit: '' kit: join # Set this to lowest, if you want Multiverse to handle the respawning. # Set this to high, if you want EssentialsSpawn to handle the respawning. # Set this to highest, if you want to force EssentialsSpawn to handle the respawning. respawn-listener-priority: high # When users die, should they respawn at their first home or bed, instead of the spawnpoint? respawn-at-home: false # End of File <-- No seriously, you're done with configuration.

############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | Notes | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ # If you want to use special characters in this document, such as accented letters, you MUST save the file as UTF-8, not ANSI. # If you receive an error when Essentials loads, ensure that: # - No tabs are present: YAML only allows spaces # - Indents are correct: YAML hierarchy is based entirely on indentation # - You have "escaped" all apostrophes in your text: If you want to write "don't", for example, write "don''t" instead (note the doubled apostrophe) # - Text with symbols is enclosed in single or double quotation marks # If you have problems join the Essentials help support channel: http://tiny.cc/EssentialsChat ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | Essentials (Global) | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ # A color code between 0-9 or a-f. Set to 'none' to disable. ops-name-color: 'none' # The character(s) to prefix all nicknames, so that you know they are not true usernames. nickname-prefix: '~' # Disable this if you have any other plugin, that modifies the displayname of a user. change-displayname: true # When this option is enabled, the (tab) player list will be updated with the displayname. # The value of change-displayname (above) has to be true. #change-playerlist: true # When essentialschat.jar isnt used, force essentials to add the prefix and suffix from permission plugins to displayname # This setting is ignored if essentialschat.jar is used, and defaults to 'true' # The value of change-displayname (above) has to be true. # Do not edit this setting unless you know what you are doing! #add-prefix-suffix: false # The delay, in seconds, required between /home, /tp, etc. teleport-cooldown: 5 # The delay, in seconds, before a user actually teleports. If the user moves or gets attacked in this timeframe, the teleport never occurs. teleport-delay: 5 # The delay, in seconds, a player can't be attacked by other players after they have been teleported by a command # This will also prevent the player attacking other players teleport-invulnerability: 4 # The delay, in seconds, required between /heal attempts heal-cooldown: 60 # What to prevent from /i /give # e.g item-spawn-blacklist: 46,11,10 item-spawn-blacklist: # Set this to true if you want permission based item spawn rules # Note: The blacklist above will be ignored then. # Permissions: # - essentials.itemspawn.item-all # - essentials.itemspawn.item-[itemname] # - essentials.itemspawn.item-[itemid] # - essentials.give.item-all # - essentials.give.item-[itemname] # - essentials.give.item-[itemid] # For more information, visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Command_Reference/ICheat#Item.2FGive permission-based-item-spawn: false # Mob limit on the /spawnmob command per execution spawnmob-limit: 10 # Shall we notify users when using /lightning warn-on-smite: true # motd and rules are now configured in the files motd.txt and rules.txt # When a command conflicts with another plugin, by default, Essentials will try to force the OTHER plugin to take priority. # Commands in this list, will tell Essentials to 'not give up' the command to other plugins. # In this state, which plugin 'wins' appears to be almost random. # # If you have two plugin with the same command and you wish to force Essentials to take over, you need an alias. # To force essentials to take 'god' alias 'god' to 'egod'. # See http://wiki.bukkit.org/Bukkit.yml#aliases for more information overridden-commands: # - god # Disabled commands will be completely unavailable on the server. # Disabling commands here will have no effect on command conflicts. disabled-commands: # - nick # These commands will be shown to players with socialSpy enabled # You can add commands from other plugins you may want to track or # remove commands that are used for something you dont want to spy on socialspy-commands: - msg - w - r - mail - m - t - whisper - emsg - tell - er - reply - ereply - email - action - describe - eme - eaction - edescribe - etell - ewhisper - pm # If you do not wish to use a permission system, you can define a list of 'player perms' below. # This list has no effect if you are using a supported permissions system. # If you are using an unsupported permissions system simply delete this section. # Whitelist the commands and permissions you wish to give players by default (everything else is op only). # These are the permissions without the "essentials." part. player-commands: - afk - afk.auto - back - back.ondeath - balance - balance.others - balancetop - build - chat.color - chat.format - chat.shout - chat.question - clearinventory - compass - depth - delhome - getpos - geoip.show - help - helpop - home - home.others - ignore - info - itemdb - kit - kits.tools - list - mail - mail.send - me - motd - msg - msg.color - nick - near - pay - ping - protect - r - rules - realname - seen - sell - sethome - setxmpp - signs.create.protection - signs.create.trade - signs.break.protection - signs.break.trade - signs.use.balance - signs.use.buy - signs.use.disposal - signs.use.enchant - signs.use.free - signs.use.gamemode - signs.use.heal - signs.use.info - signs.use.kit - signs.use.mail - signs.use.protection - signs.use.repair - signs.use.sell - signs.use.time - signs.use.trade - signs.use.warp - signs.use.weather - spawn - suicide - time - tpa - tpaccept - tpahere - tpdeny - warp - warp.list - world - worth - xmpp # Note: All items MUST be followed by a quantity! # All kit names should be lower case, and will be treated as lower in permissions/costs. # Syntax: - itemID[:DataValue/Durability] Amount [Enchantment:Level].. [itemmeta:value]... # For Item meta information visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Item_Meta # 'delay' refers to the cooldown between how often you can use each kit, measured in seconds. # For more information, visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Kits kits: tools: delay: 10 items: - 272 1 - 273 1 - 274 1 - 275 1 dtools: delay: 600 items: - 278 1 efficiency:1 durability:1 fortune:1 name:&4Gigadrill lore:The_drill_that_&npierces|the_heavens - 277 1 digspeed:3 name:Dwarf lore:Diggy|Diggy|Hole - 298 1 color:255,255,255 name:Top_Hat lore:Good_day,_Good_day - 279:780 1 notch: delay: 6000 items: - 397:3 1 player:Notch color: delay: 6000 items: - 387 1 title:&4Book_&9o_&6Colors author:KHobbits lore:Ingame_color_codes book:Colors firework: delay: 6000 items: - 401 1 name:Angry_Creeper color:red fade:green type:creeper power:1 - 401 1 name:StarryNight color:yellow,orange fade:blue type:star effect:trail,twinkle power:1 - 401 2 name:SolarWind color:yellow,orange fade:red shape:large effect:twinkle color:yellow,orange fade:red shape:ball effect:trail color:red,purple fade:pink shape:star effect:trail power:1 # Essentials Sign Control # See http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Sign_Tutorial for instructions on how to use these. # To enable signs, remove # symbol. To disable all signs, comment/remove each sign. # Essentials Colored sign support will be enabled when any sign types are enabled. # Color is not an actual sign, it's for enabling using color codes on signs, when the correct permissions are given. enabledSigns: #- color #- balance #- buy #- sell #- trade #- free #- disposal #- warp #- kit #- mail #- enchant #- gamemode #- heal #- info #- spawnmob #- repair #- time #- weather # How many times per second can Essentials signs be interacted with per player. # Values should be between 1-20, 20 being virtually no lag protection. # Lower numbers will reduce the possibility of lag, but may annoy players. sign-use-per-second: 4 # Backup runs a batch/bash command while saving is disabled backup: # Interval in minutes interval: 30 # Unless you add a valid backup command or script here, this feature will be useless. # Use 'save-all' to simply force regular world saving without backup. #command: 'rdiff-backup World1 backups/World1' # Set this true to enable permission per warp. per-warp-permission: false # Sort output of /list command by groups sort-list-by-groups: false # More output to the console debug: false # Set the locale for all messages # If you don't set this, the default locale of the server will be used. # For example, to set language to English, set locale to en, to use the file "messages_en.properties" # Don't forget to remove the # in front of the line # For more information, visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Locale #locale: en # Turn off god mode when people exit remove-god-on-disconnect: false # Auto-AFK # After this timeout in seconds, the user will be set as afk. # Set to -1 for no timeout. auto-afk: 300 # Auto-AFK Kick # After this timeout in seconds, the user will be kicked from the server. # Set to -1 for no timeout. auto-afk-kick: -1 # Set this to true, if you want to freeze the player, if he is afk. # Other players or monsters can't push him out of afk mode then. # This will also enable temporary god mode for the afk player. # The player has to use the command /afk to leave the afk mode. freeze-afk-players: false # When the player is afk, should he be able to pickup items? # Enable this, when you don't want people idling in mob traps. disable-item-pickup-while-afk: false # This setting controls if a player is marked as active on interaction. # When this setting is false, you will need to manually un-AFK using the /afk command. cancel-afk-on-interact: true # Should we automatically remove afk status when the player moves? # Player will be removed from AFK on chat/command regardless of this setting. # Disable this to reduce server lag. cancel-afk-on-move: true # You can disable the death messages of Minecraft here death-messages: true # Add worlds to this list, if you want to automatically disable god mode there no-god-in-worlds: # - world_nether # Set to true to enable per-world permissions for teleporting between worlds with essentials commands # This applies to /world, /back, /tp[a|o][here|all], but not warps. # Give someone permission to teleport to a world with essentials.worlds.<worldname> # This does not affect the /home command, there is a separate toggle below for this. world-teleport-permissions: false # The number of items given if the quantity parameter is left out in /item or /give. # If this number is below 1, the maximum stack size size is given. If over-sized stacks # are not enabled, any number higher than the maximum stack size results in more than one stack. default-stack-size: -1 # Over-sized stacks are stacks that ignore the normal max stack size. # They can be obtained using /give and /item, if the player has essentials.oversizedstacks permission. # How many items should be in an over-sized stack? oversized-stacksize: 64 # Allow repair of enchanted weapons and armor. # If you set this to false, you can still allow it for certain players using the permission # essentials.repair.enchanted repair-enchanted: true # Allow 'unsafe' enchantments in kits and item spawning. # Warning: Mixing and overleveling some enchantments can cause issues with clients, servers and plugins. unsafe-enchantments: false #Do you want essentials to keep track of previous location for /back in the teleport listener? #If you set this to true any plugin that uses teleport will have the previous location registered. register-back-in-listener: false #Delay to wait before people can cause attack damage after logging in login-attack-delay: 5 #Set the max fly speed, values range from 0.1 to 1.0 max-fly-speed: 0.8 #Set the maximum amount of mail that can be sent within a minute. mails-per-minute: 1000 # Set the maximum time /tempban can be used for in seconds. # Set to -1 to disable, and essentials.tempban.unlimited can be used to override. max-tempban-time: -1 ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | EssentialsHome | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ # Allows people to set their bed at daytime update-bed-at-daytime: true # Set to true to enable per-world permissions for using homes to teleport between worlds # This applies to the /home only. # Give someone permission to teleport to a world with essentials.worlds.<worldname> world-home-permissions: false # Allow players to have multiple homes. # Players need essentials.sethome.multiple before they can have more than 1 home, defaults to 'default' below. # Define different amounts of multiple homes for different permissions, e.g. essentials.sethome.multiple.vip # People with essentials.sethome.multiple.unlimited are not limited by these numbers. # For more information, visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Multihome sethome-multiple: default: 3 # essentials.sethome.multiple.vip vip: 5 # essentials.sethome.multiple.staff staff: 10 # Set timeout in seconds for players to accept tpa before request is cancelled. # Set to 0 for no timeout tpa-accept-cancellation: 120 ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | EssentialsEco | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ # For more information, visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Essentials_Economy # Defines the balance with which new players begin. Defaults to 0. starting-balance: 0 # worth-# defines the value of an item when it is sold to the server via /sell. # These are now defined in worth.yml # Defines the cost to use the given commands PER USE # Some commands like /repair have sub-costs, check the wiki for more information. command-costs: # /example costs $1000 PER USE #example: 1000 # /kit tools costs $1500 PER USE #kit-tools: 1500 # Set this to a currency symbol you want to use. currency-symbol: '$' # Set the maximum amount of money a player can have # The amount is always limited to 10 trillion because of the limitations of a java double max-money: 10000000000000 # Set the minimum amount of money a player can have (must be above the negative of max-money). # Setting this to 0, will disable overdrafts/loans completely. Users need 'essentials.eco.loan' perm to go below 0. min-money: -10000 # Enable this to log all interactions with trade/buy/sell signs and sell command economy-log-enabled: false ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | EssentialsHelp | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ # Show other plugins commands in help non-ess-in-help: true # Hide plugins which do not give a permission # You can override a true value here for a single plugin by adding a permission to a user/group. # The individual permission is: essentials.help.<plugin>, anyone with essentials.* or '*' will see all help regardless. # You can use negative permissions to remove access to just a single plugins help if the following is enabled. hide-permissionless-help: true ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | EssentialsChat | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ chat: # If EssentialsChat is installed, this will define how far a player's voice travels, in blocks. Set to 0 to make all chat global. # Note that users with the "essentials.chat.spy" permission will hear everything, regardless of this setting. # Users with essentials.chat.shout can override this by prefixing text with an exclamation mark (!) # Users with essentials.chat.question can override this by prefixing text with a question mark (?) # You can add command costs for shout/question by adding chat-shout and chat-question to the command costs section." radius: 0 # Chat formatting can be done in two ways, you can either define a standard format for all chat # Or you can give a group specific chat format, to give some extra variation. # If set to the default chat format which "should" be compatible with ichat. # For more information of chat formatting, check out the wiki: http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Chat_Formatting format: '&l{DISPLAYNAME} &3➽ &f&l{MESSAGE}' Dziewczyna: '{DISPLAYNAME} &3➽ &5 {MESSAGE}' #format: '&7[{GROUP}]&r {DISPLAYNAME}&7:&r {MESSAGE}' group-formats: # Default: '{WORLDNAME} {DISPLAYNAME}&7:&r {MESSAGE}' # Admins: '{WORLDNAME} &c[{GROUP}]&r {DISPLAYNAME}&7:&c {MESSAGE}' # If you are using group formats make sure to remove the '#' to allow the setting to be read. ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | EssentialsProtect | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ protect: # Database settings for sign/rail protection # mysql or sqlite # We strongly recommend against using mysql here, unless you have a good reason. # Sqlite seems to be faster in almost all cases, and in some cases mysql can be much slower. datatype: 'sqlite' # If you specified MySQL above, you MUST enter the appropriate details here. # If you specified SQLite above, these will be IGNORED. username: 'root' password: 'root' mysqlDb: 'jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/minecraft' # General physics/behavior modifications prevent: lava-flow: false water-flow: false water-bucket-flow: false fire-spread: true lava-fire-spread: true flint-fire: false lightning-fire-spread: true portal-creation: false tnt-explosion: false tnt-playerdamage: false fireball-explosion: false fireball-fire: false fireball-playerdamage: false witherskull-explosion: false witherskull-playerdamage: false wither-spawnexplosion: false wither-blockreplace: false creeper-explosion: false creeper-playerdamage: false creeper-blockdamage: false enderdragon-blockdamage: true enderman-pickup: false villager-death: false # Monsters won't follow players # permission essentials.protect.entitytarget.bypass disables this entitytarget: false # Prevent the spawning of creatures spawn: creeper: false skeleton: false spider: false giant: false zombie: false slime: false ghast: false pig_zombie: false enderman: false cave_spider: false silverfish: false blaze: false magma_cube: false ender_dragon: false pig: false sheep: false cow: false chicken: false squid: false wolf: false mushroom_cow: false snowman: false ocelot: false iron_golem: false villager: false wither: false bat: false witch: false # Maximum height the creeper should explode. -1 allows them to explode everywhere. # Set prevent.creeper-explosion to true, if you want to disable creeper explosions. creeper: max-height: -1 # Protect various blocks. protect: # Protect all signs signs: false # Prevent users from destroying rails rails: false # Blocks below rails/signs are also protected if the respective rail/sign is protected. # This makes it more difficult to circumvent protection, and should be enabled. # This only has an effect if "rails" or "signs" is also enabled. block-below: true # Prevent placing blocks above protected rails, this is to stop a potential griefing prevent-block-on-rails: false # Store blocks / signs in memory before writing memstore: false # Disable various default physics and behaviors disable: # Should fall damage be disabled? fall: false # Users with the essentials.protect.pvp permission will still be able to attack each other if this is set to true. # They will be unable to attack users without that same permission node. pvp: false # Should drowning damage be disabled? # (Split into two behaviors; generally, you want both set to the same value) drown: false suffocate: false # Should damage via lava be disabled? Items that fall into lava will still burn to a crisp. ;) lavadmg: false # Should arrow damage be disabled projectiles: false # This will disable damage from touching cacti. contactdmg: false # Burn, baby, burn! Should fire damage be disabled? firedmg: false # Should the damage after hit by a lightning be disabled? lightning: false # Should Wither damage be disabled? wither: false # Disable weather options weather: storm: false thunder: false lightning: false ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | EssentialsAntiBuild | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ # Disable various default physics and behaviors # For more information, visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/AntiBuild # Should people with build: false in permissions be allowed to build # Set true to disable building for those people # Setting to false means EssentialsAntiBuild will never prevent you from building build: true # Should people with build: false in permissions be allowed to use items # Set true to disable using for those people # Setting to false means EssentialsAntiBuild will never prevent you from using use: true # Should we tell people they are not allowed to build warn-on-build-disallow: true # For which block types would you like to be alerted? # You can find a list of IDs in plugins/Essentials/items.csv after loading Essentials for the first time. # 10 = lava :: 11 = still lava :: 46 = TNT :: 327 = lava bucket alert: on-placement: 10,11,46,327 on-use: 327 on-break: blacklist: # Which blocks should people be prevented from placing placement: 10,11,46,327 # Which items should people be prevented from using usage: 327 # Which blocks should people be prevented from breaking break: # Which blocks should not be pushed by pistons piston: ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | Essentials Spawn / New Players | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ newbies: # Should we announce to the server when someone logs in for the first time? # If so, use this format, replacing {DISPLAYNAME} with the player name. # If not, set to '' #announce-format: '' announce-format: '&dWelcome {DISPLAYNAME}&d to the server!' # When we spawn for the first time, which spawnpoint do we use? # Set to "none" if you want to use the spawn point of the world. spawnpoint: newbies # Do we want to give users anything on first join? Set to '' to disable # This kit will be given regardless of cost, and permissions. #kit: '' kit: tools # Set this to lowest, if you want Multiverse to handle the respawning # Set this to high, if you want EssentialsSpawn to handle the respawning # Set this to highest, if you want to force EssentialsSpawn to handle the respawning respawn-listener-priority: high # When users die, should they respawn at their first home or bed, instead of the spawnpoint? respawn-at-home: false # End of File <-- No seriously, you're done with configuration.

spring boot, spring batch, apache camel, apache storm, apache spark, running in docker, kubernetes, and openshift

############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | Notes | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ # If you want to use special characters in this document, such as accented letters, you MUST save the file as UTF-8, not ANSI. # If you receive an error when Essentials loads, ensure that: # - No tabs are present: YAML only allows spaces # - Indents are correct: YAML hierarchy is based entirely on indentation # - You have "escaped" all apostrophes in your text: If you want to write "don't", for example, write "don''t" instead (note the doubled apostrophe) # - Text with symbols is enclosed in single or double quotation marks # If you have problems join the Essentials help support channel: http://tiny.cc/EssentialsChat ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | Essentials (Global) | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ # A color code between 0-9 or a-f. Set to 'none' to disable. ops-name-color: '4' # The character(s) to prefix all nicknames, so that you know they are not true usernames. nickname-prefix: '~' # The maximum length allowed in nicknames. The nickname prefix is included in this. max-nick-length: 15 # Disable this if you have any other plugin, that modifies the displayname of a user. change-displayname: true # When this option is enabled, the (tab) player list will be updated with the displayname. # The value of change-displayname (above) has to be true. #change-playerlist: true # When essentialschat.jar isn't used, force essentials to add the prefix and suffix from permission plugins to displayname. # This setting is ignored if essentialschat.jar is used, and defaults to 'true'. # The value of change-displayname (above) has to be true. # Do not edit this setting unless you know what you are doing! #add-prefix-suffix: false # If the teleport destination is unsafe, should players be teleported to the nearest safe location? # If this is set to true, Essentials will attempt to teleport players close to the intended destination. # If this is set to false, attempted teleports to unsafe locations will be cancelled with a warning. teleport-safety: true # The delay, in seconds, required between /home, /tp, etc. teleport-cooldown: 3 # The delay, in seconds, before a user actually teleports. If the user moves or gets attacked in this timeframe, the teleport never occurs. teleport-delay: 5 # The delay, in seconds, a player can't be attacked by other players after they have been teleported by a command. # This will also prevent the player attacking other players. teleport-invulnerability: 4 # The delay, in seconds, required between /heal or /feed attempts. heal-cooldown: 60 # What to prevent from /i /give. # e.g item-spawn-blacklist: 46,11,10 item-spawn-blacklist: # Set this to true if you want permission based item spawn rules. # Note: The blacklist above will be ignored then. # Example permissions (these go in your permissions manager): # - essentials.itemspawn.item-all # - essentials.itemspawn.item-[itemname] # - essentials.itemspawn.item-[itemid] # - essentials.give.item-all # - essentials.give.item-[itemname] # - essentials.give.item-[itemid] # - essentials.unlimited.item-all # - essentials.unlimited.item-[itemname] # - essentials.unlimited.item-[itemid] # - essentials.unlimited.item-bucket # Unlimited liquid placing # # For more information, visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Command_Reference/ICheat#Item.2FGive permission-based-item-spawn: false # Mob limit on the /spawnmob command per execution. spawnmob-limit: 1 # Shall we notify users when using /lightning? warn-on-smite: true # motd and rules are now configured in the files motd.txt and rules.txt. # When a command conflicts with another plugin, by default, Essentials will try to force the OTHER plugin to take priority. # Commands in this list, will tell Essentials to 'not give up' the command to other plugins. # In this state, which plugin 'wins' appears to be almost random. # # If you have two plugin with the same command and you wish to force Essentials to take over, you need an alias. # To force essentials to take 'god' alias 'god' to 'egod'. # See http://wiki.bukkit.org/Bukkit.yml#aliases for more information overridden-commands: # - god # - info # Disabling commands here will prevent Essentials handling the command, this will not affect command conflicts. # Commands should fallback to the vanilla versions if available. # You should not have to disable commands used in other plugins, they will automatically get priority. disabled-commands: # - nick # - clear - mail - mail.send - nuke - afk # These commands will be shown to players with socialSpy enabled. # You can add commands from other plugins you may want to track or # remove commands that are used for something you dont want to spy on. socialspy-commands: - msg - w - r - mail - m - t - whisper - emsg - tell - er - reply - ereply - email - action - describe - eme - eaction - edescribe - etell - ewhisper - pm # If you do not wish to use a permission system, you can define a list of 'player perms' below. # This list has no effect if you are using a supported permissions system. # If you are using an unsupported permissions system, simply delete this section. # Whitelist the commands and permissions you wish to give players by default (everything else is op only). # These are the permissions without the "essentials." part. player-commands: - afk - afk.auto - back - back.ondeath - balance - balance.others - balancetop - build - chat.color - chat.format - chat.shout - chat.question - clearinventory - compass - depth - delhome - getpos - geoip.show - help - helpop - home - home.others - ignore - info - itemdb - kit - kits.tools - list - mail - mail.send - me - motd - msg - msg.color - nick - near - pay - ping - protect - r - rules - realname - seen - sell - sethome - setxmpp - signs.create.protection - signs.create.trade - signs.break.protection - signs.break.trade - signs.use.balance - signs.use.buy - signs.use.disposal - signs.use.enchant - signs.use.free - signs.use.gamemode - signs.use.heal - signs.use.info - signs.use.kit - signs.use.mail - signs.use.protection - signs.use.repair - signs.use.sell - signs.use.time - signs.use.trade - signs.use.warp - signs.use.weather - spawn - suicide - time - tpa - tpaccept - tpahere - tpdeny - warp - warp.list - world - worth - xmpp # Note: All items MUST be followed by a quantity! # All kit names should be lower case, and will be treated as lower in permissions/costs. # Syntax: - itemID[:DataValue/Durability] Amount [Enchantment:Level].. [itemmeta:value]... # For Item meta information visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Item_Meta # 'delay' refers to the cooldown between how often you can use each kit, measured in seconds. # For more information, visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Kits kits: Goblin: delay: 3600 items: - 272 1 sharpness:2 unbreaking:1 looting:1 name:&8[&2Goblin&8]&fSword - 306 1 unbreaking:1 protection:1 name:&8[&2Goblin&8]&fHelmet - 307 1 unbreaking:1 protection:1 name:&8[&2Goblin&8]&fChestplate - 308 1 unbreaking:1 protection:1 name:&8[&2Goblin&8]&fLeggings - 309 1 unbreaking:1 protection:1 name:&8[&2Goblin&8]&fBoots - 256 1 efficiency:1 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&2Goblin&8]&fShovel - 257 1 efficiency:1 unbreaking:1 fortune:1 name:&8[&2Goblin&8]&fPickaxe - 258 1 efficiency:1 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&2Goblin&8]&fAxe - 364 16 Griefer: delay: 14400 items: - 276 1 sharpness:3 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&d&lGriefer&8]&fSword - 322:1 1 - 310 1 protection:2 name:&8[&d&lGriefer&8]&fHelmet - 311 1 protection:2 name:&8[&d&lGriefer&8]&fChestplate - 312 1 protection:2 name:&8[&d&lGriefer&8]&fLeggings - 313 1 protection:2 name:&8[&d&lGriefer&8]&fBoots Villager: delay: 43200 items: - 267 1 sharpness:4 name:&8[&eVillager&8]&fSword - 306 1 unbreaking:3 protection:4 name:&8[&eVillager&8]&fHelmet - 307 1 unbreaking:3 protection:4 name:&8[&eVillager&8]&fChestplate - 308 1 unbreaking:3 protection:4 name:&8[&eVillager&8]&fLeggings - 309 1 unbreaking:3 protection:4 name:&8[&eVillager&8]&fBoots - 388 10 - 383:120 2 Knight: delay: 43200 items: - 276 1 sharpness:3 name:&8[&cKnight&8]&fSword - 310 1 protection:2 name:&8[&cKnight&8]&fHelmet - 311 1 protection:2 name:&8[&cKnight&8]&fChestplate - 312 1 protection:2 name:&8[&cKnight&8]&fLeggings - 313 1 protection:2 name:&8[&cKnight&8]&fBoots - 388 20 - 383:120 4 King: delay: 43200 items: - 276 1 sharpness:4 fire:1 name:&8[&5King&8]&fSword - 310 1 protection:4 name:&8[&5King&8]&fHelmet - 311 1 protection:4 name:&8[&5King&8]&fChestplate - 312 1 protection:4 name:&8[&5King&8]&fLeggings - 313 1 protection:4 name:&8[&5King&8]&fBoots - 388 30 - 383:120 6 Hero: delay: 43200 items: - 276 1 sharpness:4 fire:2 name:&8[&aHero&8]&fSword - 310 1 protection:4 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&aHero&8]&fHelmet - 311 1 protection:4 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&aHero&8]&fChestplate - 312 1 protection:4 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&aHero&8]&fLeggings - 313 1 protection:4 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&aHero&8]&fBoots - 388 40 - 383:120 8 God: delay: 43200 items: - 276 1 sharpness:5 fire:2 name:&8[&4God&8]&fSword - 310 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&4God&8]&fHelmet - 311 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&4God&8]&fChestplate - 312 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&4God&8]&fLeggings - 313 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&4God&8]&fBoots - 388 50 - 383:120 10 - 322:1 5 Legend: delay: 43200 items: - 276 1 sharpness:5 fire:2 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&6&lLegend&8]&fSword - 310 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 thorns:3 name:&8[&6&lLegend&8]&fHelmet - 311 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 thorns:3 name:&8[&6&lLegend&8]&fChestplate - 312 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 thorns:3 name:&8[&6&lLegend&8]&fLeggings - 313 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 thorns:3 name:&8[&6&lLegend&8]&fBoots - 388 60 - 383:120 12 - 322:1 10 - 383:50 5 - 261 1 flame:1 power:5 punch:2 unbreaking:3 infinity:1 name:&8[&6&lLegend&8]&fBow - 262 1 - 279 1 sharpness:5 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&6&lLegend&8]&fAxe Youtube: delay: 43200 items: - 276 1 sharpness:5 fire:2 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&f&lYou&c&lTube&8]&fSword - 310 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 thorns:3 name:&8[&f&lYou&c&lTube&8]&fHelmet - 311 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 thorns:3 name:&8[&f&lYou&c&lTube&8]&fChestplate - 312 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 thorns:3 name:&8[&f&lYou&c&lTube&8]&fLeggings - 313 1 protection:4 unbreaking:3 thorns:3 name:&8[&f&lYou&c&lTube&8]&fBoots - 388 60 - 383:120 12 - 322:1 10 - 383:50 5 - 261 1 flame:1 power:5 punch:2 unbreaking:3 infinity:1 name:&8[&f&lYou&c&lTube&8]&fBow - 262 1 - 279 1 sharpness:5 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&f&lYou&c&lTube&8]&fAxe Join: delay: 3600 items: - 17 16 - 333 1 - 49 32 - 50 16 - 4 64 - 373:8258 1 - 320 16 Reset: delay: 31536000 items: - 272 1 sharpness:4 unbreaking:3 name:&8[&cR&ee&as&be&dt&8]&fSword - 298 1 protection:3 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&cR&ee&as&be&dt&8]&fHelmet - 299 1 protection:3 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&cR&ee&as&be&dt&8]&fChestplate - 300 1 protection:3 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&cR&ee&as&be&dt&8]&fLeggings - 301 1 protection:3 unbreaking:1 name:&8[&cR&ee&as&be&dt&8]&fBoots - 354 1 name:&f&l Cake &4Vote # Essentials Sign Control # See http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Sign_Tutorial for instructions on how to use these. # To enable signs, remove # symbol. To disable all signs, comment/remove each sign. # Essentials Colored sign support will be enabled when any sign types are enabled. # Color is not an actual sign, it's for enabling using color codes on signs, when the correct permissions are given. enabledSigns: - color - balance - buy - sell #- trade #- free #- disposal #- warp #- kit #- mail #- enchant #- gamemode #- heal #- info #- spawnmob #- repair #- time #- weather # How many times per second can Essentials signs be interacted with per player. # Values should be between 1-20, 20 being virtually no lag protection. # Lower numbers will reduce the possibility of lag, but may annoy players. sign-use-per-second: 4 # Backup runs a batch/bash command while saving is disabled. backup: # Interval in minutes. interval: 30 # Unless you add a valid backup command or script here, this feature will be useless. # Use 'save-all' to simply force regular world saving without backup. #command: 'rdiff-backup World1 backups/World1' # Set this true to enable permission per warp. per-warp-permission: false # Sort output of /list command by groups. # You can hide and merge the groups displayed in /list by defining the desired behaviour here. # Detailed instructions and examples can be found on the wiki: http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/List list: # To merge groups, list the groups you wish to merge #Staff: owner admin moderator Admins: owner admin # To limit groups, set a max user limit #builder: 20 # To hide groups, set the group as hidden #default: hidden # Uncomment the line below to simply list all players with no grouping #Players: '*' # More output to the console. debug: false # Set the locale for all messages. # If you don't set this, the default locale of the server will be used. # For example, to set language to English, set locale to en, to use the file "messages_en.properties". # Don't forget to remove the # in front of the line. # For more information, visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Locale #locale: en # Turn off god mode when people exit. remove-god-on-disconnect: false # Auto-AFK # After this timeout in seconds, the user will be set as afk. # This feature requires the player to have essentials.afk.auto node. # Set to -1 for no timeout. auto-afk: 300 # Auto-AFK Kick # After this timeout in seconds, the user will be kicked from the server. # essentials.afk.kickexempt node overrides this feature. # Set to -1 for no timeout. auto-afk-kick: -1 # Set this to true, if you want to freeze the player, if he is afk. # Other players or monsters can't push him out of afk mode then. # This will also enable temporary god mode for the afk player. # The player has to use the command /afk to leave the afk mode. freeze-afk-players: false # When the player is afk, should he be able to pickup items? # Enable this, when you don't want people idling in mob traps. disable-item-pickup-while-afk: false # This setting controls if a player is marked as active on interaction. # When this setting is false, you will need to manually un-AFK using the /afk command. cancel-afk-on-interact: true # Should we automatically remove afk status when the player moves? # Player will be removed from AFK on chat/command regardless of this setting. # Disable this to reduce server lag. cancel-afk-on-move: true # You can disable the death messages of Minecraft here. death-messages: false # Should operators be able to join and part silently. # You can control this with permissions if it is enabled. allow-silent-join-quit: true # You can set a custom join message here, set to "none" to disable. # You may use color codes, use {USERNAME} the player's name or {PLAYER} for the player's displayname. custom-join-message: "" # You can set a custom quit message here, set to "none" to disable. # You may use color codes, use {USERNAME} the player's name or {PLAYER} for the player's displayname. custom-quit-message: "" # Add worlds to this list, if you want to automatically disable god mode there. no-god-in-worlds: # - world_nether # Set to true to enable per-world permissions for teleporting between worlds with essentials commands. # This applies to /world, /back, /tp[a|o][here|all], but not warps. # Give someone permission to teleport to a world with essentials.worlds.<worldname> # This does not affect the /home command, there is a separate toggle below for this. world-teleport-permissions: false # The number of items given if the quantity parameter is left out in /item or /give. # If this number is below 1, the maximum stack size size is given. If over-sized stacks. # are not enabled, any number higher than the maximum stack size results in more than one stack. default-stack-size: -1 # Over-sized stacks are stacks that ignore the normal max stack size. # They can be obtained using /give and /item, if the player has essentials.oversizedstacks permission. # How many items should be in an over-sized stack? oversized-stacksize: 64 # Allow repair of enchanted weapons and armor. # If you set this to false, you can still allow it for certain players using the permission. # essentials.repair.enchanted repair-enchanted: true # Allow 'unsafe' enchantments in kits and item spawning. # Warning: Mixing and overleveling some enchantments can cause issues with clients, servers and plugins. unsafe-enchantments: false #Do you want essentials to keep track of previous location for /back in the teleport listener? #If you set this to true any plugin that uses teleport will have the previous location registered. register-back-in-listener: false #Delay to wait before people can cause attack damage after logging in. login-attack-delay: 5 #Set the max fly speed, values range from 0.1 to 1.0 max-fly-speed: 0.8 #Set the max walk speed, values range from 0.1 to 1.0 max-walk-speed: 0.8 #Set the maximum amount of mail that can be sent within a minute. mails-per-minute: 1000 # Set the maximum time /tempban can be used for in seconds. # Set to -1 to disable, and essentials.tempban.unlimited can be used to override. max-tempban-time: -1 ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | EssentialsHome | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ # Allows people to set their bed at daytime. update-bed-at-daytime: true # Set to true to enable per-world permissions for using homes to teleport between worlds. # This applies to the /home only. # Give someone permission to teleport to a world with essentials.worlds.<worldname> world-home-permissions: false # Allow players to have multiple homes. # Players need essentials.sethome.multiple before they can have more than 1 home. # You can set the default number of multiple homes using the 'default' rank below. # To remove the home limit entirely, give people 'essentials.sethome.multiple.unlimited'. # To grant different home amounts to different people, you need to define a 'home-rank' below. # Create the 'home-rank' below, and give the matching permission: essentials.sethome.multiple.<home-rank> # For more information, visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Multihome sethome-multiple: Goblin: 1 Villager: 2 Knight: 3 King: 4 Hero: 5 God: 6 # In this example someone with 'essentials.sethome.multiple' and 'essentials.sethome.multiple.vip' will have 5 homes. # Set timeout in seconds for players to accept tpa before request is cancelled. # Set to 0 for no timeout. tpa-accept-cancellation: 120 ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | EssentialsEco | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ # For more information, visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Essentials_Economy # Defines the balance with which new players begin. Defaults to 0. starting-balance: 1000 # worth-# defines the value of an item when it is sold to the server via /sell. # These are now defined in worth.yml # Defines the cost to use the given commands PER USE. # Some commands like /repair have sub-costs, check the wiki for more information. command-costs: # /example costs $1000 PER USE #example: 1000 # /kit tools costs $1500 PER USE #kit-tools: 1500 # Set this to a currency symbol you want to use. currency-symbol: '$' # Set the maximum amount of money a player can have. # The amount is always limited to 10 trillion because of the limitations of a java double. max-money: 10000000000000 # Set the minimum amount of money a player can have (must be above the negative of max-money). # Setting this to 0, will disable overdrafts/loans completely. Users need 'essentials.eco.loan' perm to go below 0. min-money: -10000 # Enable this to log all interactions with trade/buy/sell signs and sell command. economy-log-enabled: false ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | EssentialsHelp | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ # Show other plugins commands in help. non-ess-in-help: true # Hide plugins which do not give a permission. # You can override a true value here for a single plugin by adding a permission to a user/group. # The individual permission is: essentials.help.<plugin>, anyone with essentials.* or '*' will see all help regardless. # You can use negative permissions to remove access to just a single plugins help if the following is enabled. hide-permissionless-help: true ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | EssentialsChat | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ chat: # If EssentialsChat is installed, this will define how far a player's voice travels, in blocks. Set to 0 to make all chat global. # Note that users with the "essentials.chat.spy" permission will hear everything, regardless of this setting. # Users with essentials.chat.shout can override this by prefixing text with an exclamation mark (!) # Users with essentials.chat.question can override this by prefixing text with a question mark (?) # You can add command costs for shout/question by adding chat-shout and chat-question to the command costs section." radius: 0 # Chat formatting can be done in two ways, you can either define a standard format for all chat. # Or you can give a group specific chat format, to give some extra variation. # If set to the default chat format which "should" be compatible with ichat. # For more information of chat formatting, check out the wiki: http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/Chat_Formatting format: '<{DISPLAYNAME}> {MESSAGE}' #format: '&7[{GROUP}]&r {DISPLAYNAME}&7:&r {MESSAGE}' group-formats: Goblin: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f&o {MESSAGE}' Youtuber: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Witch: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f&o {MESSAGE}' Wizard: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Sorcerer: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Raider: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Greifer: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&a {MESSAGE}' ChatMod: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Owner: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&c {MESSAGE}' OP: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Developer: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' HeadAdmin: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Admin: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' JuniorAdmin: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' StaffManager: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' ForumAdmin: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' HeadModerator: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Moderator: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Helper: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Villager: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Knight: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' King: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Hero: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' God: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&f {MESSAGE}' Legend: '&7{DISPLAYNAME}&8:&b {MESSAGE}' # If you are using group formats make sure to remove the '#' to allow the setting to be read. ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | EssentialsProtect | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ protect: # General physics/behavior modifications. prevent: lava-flow: false water-flow: false water-bucket-flow: false fire-spread: true lava-fire-spread: true flint-fire: false lightning-fire-spread: true portal-creation: false tnt-explosion: false tnt-playerdamage: false tnt-minecart-explosion: false tnt-minecart-playerdamage: false fireball-explosion: false fireball-fire: false fireball-playerdamage: false witherskull-explosion: false witherskull-playerdamage: false wither-spawnexplosion: false wither-blockreplace: false creeper-explosion: false creeper-playerdamage: false creeper-blockdamage: false enderdragon-blockdamage: true enderman-pickup: false villager-death: false # Monsters won't follow players. # permission essentials.protect.entitytarget.bypass disables this. entitytarget: false # Prevent the spawning of creatures. spawn: creeper: false skeleton: false spider: false giant: false zombie: false slime: false ghast: false pig_zombie: false enderman: false cave_spider: false silverfish: false blaze: false magma_cube: false ender_dragon: false pig: false sheep: false cow: false chicken: false squid: false wolf: false mushroom_cow: false snowman: false ocelot: false iron_golem: false villager: false wither: true bat: false witch: false horse: false # Maximum height the creeper should explode. -1 allows them to explode everywhere. # Set prevent.creeper-explosion to true, if you want to disable creeper explosions. creeper: max-height: -1 # Disable various default physics and behaviors. disable: # Should fall damage be disabled? fall: false # Users with the essentials.protect.pvp permission will still be able to attack each other if this is set to true. # They will be unable to attack users without that same permission node. pvp: false # Should drowning damage be disabled? # (Split into two behaviors; generally, you want both set to the same value.) drown: false suffocate: false # Should damage via lava be disabled? Items that fall into lava will still burn to a crisp. ;) lavadmg: false # Should arrow damage be disabled? projectiles: false # This will disable damage from touching cacti. contactdmg: false # Burn, baby, burn! Should fire damage be disabled? firedmg: false # Should the damage after hit by a lightning be disabled? lightning: false # Should Wither damage be disabled? wither: false # Disable weather options? weather: storm: false thunder: false lightning: false ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | EssentialsAntiBuild | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ # Disable various default physics and behaviors # For more information, visit http://wiki.ess3.net/wiki/AntiBuild # Should people with build: false in permissions be allowed to build? # Set true to disable building for those people. # Setting to false means EssentialsAntiBuild will never prevent you from building. build: true # Should people with build: false in permissions be allowed to use items? # Set true to disable using for those people. # Setting to false means EssentialsAntiBuild will never prevent you from using items. use: true # Should we tell people they are not allowed to build? warn-on-build-disallow: true # For which block types would you like to be alerted? # You can find a list of IDs in plugins/Essentials/items.csv after loading Essentials for the first time. # 10 = lava :: 11 = still lava :: 46 = TNT :: 327 = lava bucket alert: on-placement: 10,11,46,327 on-use: 327 on-break: blacklist: # Which blocks should people be prevented from placing? placement: 10,11,46,327 # Which items should people be prevented from using? usage: 327 # Which blocks should people be prevented from breaking? break: # Which blocks should not be pushed by pistons? piston: # Which blocks should not be dispensed by dispensers dispenser: ############################################################ # +------------------------------------------------------+ # # | Essentials Spawn / New Players | # # +------------------------------------------------------+ # ############################################################ newbies: # Should we announce to the server when someone logs in for the first time? # If so, use this format, replacing {DISPLAYNAME} with the player name. # If not, set to '' #announce-format: '' announce-format: '&cWelcome &e&l{DISPLAYNAME}&c to the &8R&7e&8t&7r&8o&4-&cFactions server!' # When we spawn for the first time, which spawnpoint do we use? # Set to "none" if you want to use the spawn point of the world. spawnpoint: newbies # Do we want to give users anything on first join? Set to '' to disable # This kit will be given regardless of cost, and permissions. #kit: '' kit: join # Set this to lowest, if you want Multiverse to handle the respawning. # Set this to high, if you want EssentialsSpawn to handle the respawning. # Set this to highest, if you want to force EssentialsSpawn to handle the respawning. respawn-listener-priority: high # When users die, should they respawn at their first home or bed, instead of the spawnpoint? respawn-at-home: false # End of File <-- No seriously, you're done with configuration.

9 Email Marketing Tips For Content Marketers Even “agnostics” regarding email marketing can't hash out the following evidence - the average ROI from this promotional practice is close to 3,800%. Measureless opportunities to scale up and relative cheapness, compared to other reaching-out channels, are the two reasons why the email marketing is fair-haired by businesses. However, this is not about the price and physical extent alone. The chief advantage is a better alignment of communication with customers. If you hope a certain content strategy brings desirable results, overlooking the quality of mailing messages will be a sorry pitfall. Always keep in mind that newsletters, welcome, retention, and other emails are not just a brand's facade - but a powerful tool for generating conversions. By joining sides of email and content strategies, you can come up with synergy from both. In this guide, we’ll cover a few recommendations for content marketers on how to write email messages that work. Tips for email marketing Segment your list Split the batch of email recipients into smaller groups based on chosen criteria, and mail distinct relevant messages - for each. You can use recipients' GEO, demographic characteristics, or purchase history to distinguish homogeneous clusters and proceed with the content planning. Segmentation is the basic premise for personalization, and if you still doubt why bothering about the latter - here are just a few numbers we took from Instapage: 52% of customers claim they do care if the message was tailor-made or not 82% of marketers say that mail personalization increases the open ratio custom emails have 41% more unique clicks than mass-produced ones. To avoid a fragmented approach, use data from CRMs, website analytics tools, and other sources to define segments. Concerning phrasings, a good idea is to create Buyer personas profiles. Thus, you'll be able to choose the appropriate message length and wording. Say, design a newsletter to promote paid subscription for an email validator service. You've decided to distinguish corporate clients based on their company size and determined the following groups: #1 - B2Bs and #2 - sole entrepreneurs. Possible messages for the two: #1. Our "XXL" plan is perfect for agencies and enterprises. One can add unlimited users and conduct up to 100,000 checks per month. #2. With our "S" you get 1,000 credits and 5,000 unique recipients - for only $33 per month. Plus - a 7-days free trial. Use interactive content The best content marketers know that interactive content came into vogue a long time ago. As to emails, here are the most common examples: CSS animated buttons If you include CTAs buttons (that we hope you do) - liven them up a bit. Add an animated hover effect, so that every time a recipient puts a cursor on a button, it changes shape, shade, color, or text. “Add hover to emphasise objects”, source This shouldn’t necessarily be something dramatic - add tiny accents that will yet grab the user's attention. starring “Add a star rating component to engage readers with content”, source Including ranking or reviewing widgets in the email body is one of the most working ways to engage the reader with the message. Ask recipients to assess your product or service with stars. Add the link to Google Forms if you want to receive an extended opinion on overall customer satisfaction. pictures' rollovers “Use animated images to describe goods better”, source The effect is eagerly used by the ones who promote online stores. Using The rollover allows to show goods from different angles or even play with recipients, if relevant. Take into account that this feature only works on desktops - mobile mail users will see the very first picture only. images carousel “Add pieces of text directly on images”, source If you want to enhance goods cards with descriptive content, say - price and shipping details, use a carousel instead of a rollover. As so, you can add more info pictures to the email body and, hopefully, convert more recipients into customers. a countdown “Countdowns work well for limited in time offers”, source Again, this type of interactive content fits the online shopping niche. Animated clocks amplify urgency and theoretically increase conversions. But it's important to stay extremely careful and not to sound desperate - otherwise, the newsletter will end up in the recipient's "Spam". Improve design The attractiveness of an email is something granted on certain terms, indeed. Not all emails need to be flashy or include expensive designs. However, there are some prevailing common trends in the matter. By following them, you seem to show the recipient that your company is moving in step with the times, and not stuck in the 2000s. Here's the shortlist from the TOP email design trends list that a 99designs provides - as of 2021: magazine-styled “Make newsletters to look a bit editorial”, source More and more newsletters tend to look like a centerfold from good old printed media. With a strict following to the "Less is more" principle - clear fonts, short phrases, HD-quality images with a few objects on them, and short CTAs. hand-made illustrations “Unique pictures create a distinct flavour of your brand”, source Tailored icons or sketchy images - whatever fits your mailing purpose, just make sure it's not too bright, contrast, or overloaded with details. Give preference to clean colors. skeuomorphic objects This is when a design resembles a real object. To see an example - just open a reader App on your smartphone. “A skeuomorphic bookshelf”, source HD photographies “If you operate in the luxury segment, do not skimp on email visuals”, source These are expensive content, but if you work in fashion or other chick industries - it may be worth the effort. animated content Yeap, we've covered this in a previous tip. single scroll “Looks especially good on smartphones”, source Place the entire email content, including buttons, on the endless-looking long frame. Focus on conversions Stay focused on what's your mailing purpose. Don't forget that everybody expects to see a good ROI from email actions at the end of the reporting period. Craft effective CTAs - perceive these not as a sole button with a "Download now" text or so, but as an entire sense of a message that you write. To create a captivating CTA copy, adhere to the below advices: include win-win propositions Even though you’re not providing a customer with a discount or cash refund at the moment, your proposition may include a non-monetary incentive. New arrivals, selection of the latest news, free copies, advice from experts - the only rule here is to offer what’ll hold in high esteem. trigger on emotions Don't long-windedly list benefits. Instead, simulate a life situation and show how your product or service can help. use several CTAs throughout the email Email body may be viewed in several scrolls, especially when via small mobile devices’ screens. If you add a call to action at the beginning of the message, a mere number of users will get back to it after finishing reading the content. Thus, you may lose potential conversion. Include several buttons throughout the email body, but don’t sound repeatedly - change calls’ forms and wording. Encourage readers to reply Driving recipients to reply is challenging yet able to be done. First, choose the proper writing tone. According to an extensive study of emails that didn’t get a response, the most preferable is a 3rd-grade reading level. “Too elementary or too proficient tone may scare away readers”, source Of course, you must apply this recommendation with an eye on the recipient. If you mail to a professor or a government agency, a “3rd-grade” rule isn’t applicable. But all else being equal - simplify the lexicon to the level a schoolchild can understand it. Another trick is to sound overall happy. Emails that are enhanced with positive emotions get 10-15% more replies, on average than neutral ones. The best manner is to choose a slightly warm tone. Exaggerated excitement may look weird and even suspicious, especially when reaching out to business partners. And don’t forget about courtesy. A rare person will respond if you address him or her with a hair-raising “To whom it may concern” phrase. Make it personal Personification shouldn’t be confused with personalization. The second is rather about mailing fitting content from a commercial perspective, while the first term - about addressing the recipient as a one-off personality. Personal emails start with the recipient’s name - and no other way. They include references to the user's interests or past actions. For example, if your tourist agency’s client is interested in island vacations - you shall approach him or her with respective offers. They also shall contain personalized promotions, if any. The best way to expand this approach on hundreds or thousands of recipients is to launch trigger-based email campaigns. Create delivery scenarios for different segments or stages of a sales pipeline. Then prepare a fitting sequence of relevant content - for every single scenario. To give a human face to mailing, one can practice greetings, as well. Birthdays, state holidays, anniversaries, a new status in the loyalty system - there are a lot of examples of what one may congratulate the customer with. Keep your emails out of spam folders It is better not to launch mailing at all than to use an untrustworthy emails’ database. The risks are much higher than a slew of undelivered messages - from harming a sender's reputation to being banned by mailing systems. So it's better to stay proactive: tidy away broken, misspelled, temporary, or other worrisome emails from the database - either manually or with the help of software collect a valid email address only - through email finders avoid spam-trigger words establish a double opt-in validation set the correct mailing frequency. Make sure your emails look clean and crisp Newsletters shall afterall bring revenues - whether you want it or not. But in a bid of quantity, don’t lose the overall content integrity and sense: a subject line, pre-header, header, email body, and calls shall be consistent with one another the copy must be of the proper size; although the length depends on many factors, stick to an “ideal” interval - 50 to 125 words if can, don’t attach too many files or links to external websites - mailing filters are suspicious to these adapt the layout to fit smaller screens - nothing looks worse than broken email elements when you open it on mobile. Wrapping up It doesn't make much difference whether you create mailing content for personal or business purposes - these email marketing tips will serve both. No strains here - the recipient’s interest should be at your forefront. If you can hook him or her with the content by using tricks we've covered, you’ll never fail with enough conversions.

BrewMe is an alcohol content sensing system for use in the beer brewing process. The system will track the alcohol content over time and notify users via email when important brewing milestones are reached. Our focus this semester is to select and implement one alcohol content sensor that notifies users upon reaching some trigger level. Moving forwards, other important sensing data, temperature for example, could be included through the implementation of more sensors. With enough investment, this project could perfect the brewing process, yielding the perfect batch of beer every time for the at-home brewer.

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This is a system that performs batch code testing for multiple input examples. 複数の入力例に対して一括でコードテストを行うシステムです。

title: It’s used to change the title text displayed on top of CMD window. echo – Displays the input string as the output. Use ON or OFF option for ECHO to turn the echoing feature on or off. If you turn on the ECHO, the CMD will display the command it is executing. pause – Used to stop the execution of a Windows batch file. EXIT – To exit the Command Prompt. cls – Used to clear the command prompt screen. :: – Add a comment in the batch file. The Command Prompt ignores any text written as a batch file comment. So, these were what we can call internal commands which are shipped with Windows. Your batch script can also support external commands. These are ones added when a new software is installed on your system. For example, if you have Google Chrome installed on your machine, you can use the command ‘chrome’ in the CMD window. These commands can help you to create a simple BAT file. You can improve your batch script by learning more commands from the Windows CMD Commands list. How to create a batch file in Windows 10? Here, I am going to tell you steps to create a small batch (BAT) file. The steps are almost the same no matter you’re using Windows 10, Windows 8.1, Windows 7 or even XP. Open a new Notepad file. You can also use any similar text file editor, like Notepad++. Type the following commands in the text file: batch-file-txt2 echo off title My Test Batch File :: See the title at the top. And this comment will not appear in the command prompt. echo Test file executed. echo I am too lazy to write commands again and again. pause Save the text file with the extension .bat instead of .txt. For instance, testbatch.bat in my case. Note: Make sure the Hide File Extensions feature is turned off in Windows. Otherwise, you will not be able to change the file extension. To check, go to Control Panel > File Explorer Options > View tab > Uncheck Hide extensions for known file types. To Run the batch file, simply double-click it. The CMD Window will open automatically with the desired output. You can also try echo on in the command mentioned in Step 2 to see what it does. Now, every time you’ll run this file the same text will be displayed. You can also use the .cmd extension in place of .bat extension. How to run a batch file in Windows 10? In addition to doubling-clicking, you can execute a bat file from within the CMD window. To open a file using cmd, you need to navigate the folder/directory where the file is located. Then type the name of that file along with its file extension. For instance, you need to run a bat file named HelloWorld. Type HelloWorld.bat and press Enter. How to edit or modify a batch file? If you want to do some experimentation with the batch file you created in the past, editing a bat file is a simple process. Just right-click the file and click on rename. It’ll open in the text editor. After you’re done, save changes and you’re good to go. Next time you run the bat file in the command line, it will execute the changes you have made. Do something more – batch file examples Some time ago, I told you about checking the battery health on your Windows machine by using the POWERCFG utility. Earlier, you had to do a lot of work. In order to check the battery health, you had to open CMD, type the command, and then go to the location where the output file gets stored. Let’s give some rest to your hands by creating a batch file and automate the task. Create a batch to generate Energy Report: In a new text file, type the following command: powercfg/energy C:\WINDOWS\system32\energy-report.html Save the file as energyreport.bat or any name you like. Keep in mind you use the correct file extension. Create batch file to generate Battery Report: In a new text file, type the following commands: powercfg /batteryreport C:\Windows\System32\battery-report.html Save the file as batteryreport.bat or any name you like. Important: The POWERCFG utility only works with administrator privileges. So, you will have to run these batch files in “Run As Administrator” mode. You do so by Right Clicking the batch file > Click Run As Administrator. If you run these battery checking batch files without administrator privileges, it will show you version of the report which is already stored at that location. Using batch files with admin rights will display the latest data.

Examples for use with the Vulkan batch scheduling system

A example for KISTI HTCondor batch system to make final plot.

Example notebook scripts to run on CERN's SWAN batch system https://swan-k8s.cern.ch

Design Patterns for automation. Examples and Experiments. - System and network automation. Data-processing/ETL pipeline. Batch processing. Job running. API client/service. Python command-line tools. DevOps automation.

BACKDOOR_WINDOWS is a batch script designed to exploit a KNOWN vulnerability in Windows operating systems XP/Vista/7/8/8.1/10/11. It allows creating a backdoor to access a compromised system. For example, in case of a forgotten password!

The demand for Machine Learning (ML) applications is growing. Many resources show how to train ML algorithms. However, the ML algorithms work in two phases: the training phase - in which the ML algorithm is trained based on historical data, the inference phase - the ML algorithm is used for computing predictions on new data with unknown outcomes. The benefits for business are in the interference phase when ML algorithms provide information before it is known. There is a technological challenge on how to provide ML algorithms for inference into production systems. There are many requirements which need to be fulfilled: ML algorithms deployment automation, continuous-integration, reproducibility of algorithms and predictions, diagnostic and monitoring of algorithms in production, governance and regulatory compliance, scalability, users collaboration. There are many ways of how ML algorithms can be used: The simplest approach is to run the ML algorithm locally to compute predictions on prepared test data and share predictions with others. This approach is easy and fast in implementation. However, it has many drawbacks. It is hard to govern, monitor, scale and collaborate. The second, similar approach, is to hard-code the ML algorithm in the system's code. This solution is rather for simple ML algorithms, like Decision Trees or Linear Regression (which are easy to implement independently of the programming language). This solution behaves similar to the first approach - it is easy to implement with many drawbacks. The third solution, it to make the ML algorithm available by REST API, RPC or WebSockets. This method requires the implementation of the server which handles requests and forwards them to ML algorithms. In this approach, all requirements for the ML production system can be fulfilled. The last solution is to use a commercial vendor for deploying ML algorithms - it can be in the cloud or on-premise. Sometimes, this can be a good solution. When you have a standard ML algorithm so the vendor can handle it and you have money to pay to the vendor (it can be pricy). This tutorial provides code examples on how to build your ML system available with REST API. In this book, for building the ML service I will use Python 3.6 and Django 2.2.4. This book is the first part that covers the basics which should be enough to build your ML system which: can handle many API endpoints, each API endpoint can have several ML algorithms with different versions, ML code and artifacts (files with ML parameters) are stored in the code repository (git), supports fast deployments and continuous integration (tests for both: server and ML code), supports monitoring and algorithm diagnostic (support A/B tests), is scalable (deployed with containers), has a user interface. There are many ways in which this tutorial can be extended, for example: running long jobs for batch predictions or algorithm training with Celery, running scheduled jobs with Celery, WebSocket interface for Internet-of-Things applications (with Django Channels), authentication and user management. Right now, the above topics are not covered in this tutorial. I will consider writing them in the future based on the reader's feedback. You can send me feedback using this form. In my opinion, building your ML system has a great advantage - it is tailored to your needs. It has all features that are needed in your ML system and can be as complex as you wish. This tutorial is for readers who are familiar with ML and would like to learn how to build ML web services. Basic Python knowledge is required. The full code of this tutorial is available at: https://github.com/pplonski/my_ml_service.

システム運用に必要な,テクニックを盛り込んだ,実用性のある。バッチ➗スクリプト,C及びC++言語,HTML言語,PL/SQL言語,Java言 語,アセンブラ言語,MS-DOS言語,AWK言語,Perl言語,Vuatual-Basic言語,Power-Shell言語,Microsoft-Office-VBS言語,各種設定フ ァイル,アイコンイメージ➗デザインイメージ,説明書に必要なHELP製作と各OSへのコンバージョン,参照ドキュメント,添付マニュ アルを対象として用い製作する。中身に含まれるテクニック動作が良く分かる一例とする事を目指す。そして実用と考察を兼ね て,開発を進めるプロジェクトとするが目的である。Practical, incorporating techniques necessary for system operation. Batch ➗ Scripts, C and C ++ languages, HTML languages, PL / SQL languages, Java language Language, assembler language, MS-DOS language, AWK language, Perl language, Vuatual-Basic language, Power-Shell lan guage, Microsoft-Office-VBS language, various settings File, icon image, design image, HELP production and conversi on to each OS required for manual, reference document, attached manual Manufactured using Al as a target. We aim to make it an example that clearly shows the technique movements contained in the contents. And for practical use and consideration. he purpose is to make it a project to promote development.

Basic example of what batch malware can do to systems.

This repository contains code examples and exercises on operating systems concepts.(28th Batch of Dept. of CSE at RU)

Code examples and resources for CSS 2nd Batch, Module-106: Payment Systems, ICT in Banking and Digital Financial Services (Part-1)

Template and Examples to run law (https://github.com/riga/law/) tasks at the ETP batch system

template running first example of sdl3 (i.e. clear.c) with batch file build system b.bat

Example to implement AWS Lambda and SQS by Go. Especially this is tutorial about SQS batch message to enhance system performance.

A professional portfolio showcasing projects in COBOL, mainframe technologies, system modernization, Python automation, and C# backend development. Includes legacy-to-modern migration examples, batch simulations, and clean code practices.

Repo for a supervised ML system for predicting the median housing prices in a district based on multiple input features. The model is trained on labeled examples and learns to generalize to unseen data. The dataset is relatively small and the system is designed for batch learning.

This project presents an example system that generates cyber domain data, then maps that data to the Unified Cyber Ontology and uses batch processing to serialize it into compliant UCO .jsonld

A cutting-edge AI-driven system that intelligently parses, analyzes, and refactors Python code using AST transformations and OpenAI GPT-based modules. Features a FastAPI interface, batch processing, example refactorings, and test suite integration.