在vue中实现iframe keep-alive

# Awesome Keycloak [](https://github.com/sindresorhus/awesome) # [<img src="https://www.keycloak.org/resources/images/keycloak_logo_480x108.png">](https://github.com/thomasdarimont/awesome-keycloak) > Carefully curated list of awesome Keycloak resources. A curated list of resources for learning about the Open Source Identity and Access Management solution Keycloak. Contains books, websites, blog posts, links to github Repositories. # Contributing Contributions welcome. Add links through pull requests or create an issue to start a discussion. [Please refer to the contributing guide for details](CONTRIBUTING.md). # Contents * [General](#general) * [Documentation](#docs) * [Keycloak Website](http://www.keycloak.org) * [Current Documentation](http://www.keycloak.org/documentation.html) * [Archived Documentation](http://www.keycloak.org/documentation-archive.html) * [Mailing Lists](#mailing-lists) * [User Mailing List](#user-mailing-list) * [Developer Mailing List](#dev-mailing-list) * [Mailing List Search](#mailing-list-search) * [Books](#books) * [Articles](#articles) * [Talks](#talks) * [Presentations](#presentations) * [Video Playlists](#video-playlists) * [Community Extensions](#community-extensions) * [Integrations](#integrations) * [Themes](#themes) * [Docker](#docker) * [Deployment Examples](#deployment-examples) * [Example Projects](#example-projects) * [Benchmarks](#benchmarks) * [Help](#help) * [Commercial Offerings](#commercial-offerings) * [Miscellaneous](#miscellaneous) # General ## Documentation * [Keycloak Website](http://www.keycloak.org/) * [Current Documentation](http://www.keycloak.org/documentation.html) * [Archived Documentation](http://www.keycloak.org/documentation-archive.html) * [Product Documentation for Red Hat Single Sign-On](https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en/red-hat-single-sign-on/) ## Discussion Groups and Mailing Lists * [Keycloak Users Google Group](https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/keycloak-user) * [Keycloak Developers Google Group](https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/keycloak-dev) * [Keycloak Discourse Group](https://keycloak.discourse.group/) * [Keycloak Developer Chat](https://keycloak.zulipchat.com) * [Inactive - User Mailing List](https://lists.jboss.org/mailman/listinfo/keycloak-user) * [Inactive - Developer Mailing List](https://lists.jboss.org/mailman/listinfo/keycloak-dev) * [Mailing List Search](http://www.keycloak.org/search) * [Keycloak Subreddit](https://www.reddit.com/r/keycloak) ## Books * [Keycloak - Identity and Access Management for Modern Applications](https://www.packtpub.com/product/keycloak-identity-and-access-management-for-modern-applications/9781800562493) ## Articles * [How to get Keycloak working with Docker](https://www.ivonet.nl/2015/05/23/Keycloak-Docker/) * [Single-Sign-On for Microservices and/or Java EE applications with Keycloak SSO](http://www.n-k.de/2016/06/keycloak-sso-for-microservices.html) * [Keycloak Admin Client(s) - multiple ways to manage your SSO system](http://www.n-k.de/2016/08/keycloak-admin-client.html) * [How to get the AccessToken of Keycloak in Spring Boot and/or Java EE](http://www.n-k.de/2016/05/how-to-get-accesstoken-from-keycloak-springboot-javaee.html) * [JWT authentication with Vert.x, Keycloak and Angular 2](http://paulbakker.io/java/jwt-keycloak-angular2/) * [Authenticating via Kerberos with Keycloak and Windows 2008 Active Directory](http://matthewcasperson.blogspot.de/2015/07/authenticating-via-kerberos-with.html) * [Deploying Keycloak with Ansible](https://adam.younglogic.com/2016/01/deploying-keycloak-via-ansible/) * [Easily secure your Spring Boot applications with Keycloak](https://developers.redhat.com/blog/2017/05/25/easily-secure-your-spring-boot-applications-with-keycloak/) * [How Red Hat re-designed its Single Sign On (SSO) architecture, and why](https://developers.redhat.com/blog/2016/10/04/how-red-hat-re-designed-its-single-sign-on-sso-architecture-and-why/) * [OAuth2, JWT, Open-ID Connect and other confusing things](http://giallone.blogspot.de/2017/06/oath2.html) * [X509 Authentication with Keycloak and JBoss Fuse](https://sjhiggs.github.io/fuse/sso/x509/smartcard/2017/03/29/fuse-hawtio-keycloak.html) * [Running Keycloak on OpenShift 3](https://medium.com/@sbose78/running-keycloak-on-openshift-3-8d195c0daaf6) * [Introducing Keycloak for Identity and Access Management](https://www.thomasvitale.com/introducing-keycloak-identity-access-management/) * [Keycloak Basic Configuration for Authentication and Authorisation](https://www.thomasvitale.com/keycloak-configuration-authentication-authorisation/) * [Keycloak on OpenShift Origin](https://medium.com/@james_devcomb/keycloak-on-openshift-origin-ee81d01dac97) * [Identity Management, One-Time-Passwords and Two-Factor-Auth with Spring Boot and Keycloak](http://www.hascode.com/2017/11/identity-management-one-time-passwords-and-two-factor-auth-with-spring-boot-and-keycloak/) * [Keycloak Identity Brokering with Openshift](https://developers.redhat.com/blog/2017/12/06/keycloak-identity-brokering-openshift/) * [OpenID Connect Identity Brokering with Red Hat Single Sign-On](https://developers.redhat.com/blog/2017/10/18/openid-connect-identity-brokering-red-hat-single-sign/) * [Authentication & user management is hard](https://eclipsesource.com/blogs/2018/01/11/authenticating-reverse-proxy-with-keycloak/) * [Securing Nginx with Keycloak](https://edhull.co.uk/blog/2018-06-06/keycloak-nginx) * [Secure kibana dashboards using keycloak](https://aboullaite.me/secure-kibana-keycloak/) * [Configuring NGINX for OAuth/OpenID Connect SSO with Keycloak/Red Hat SSO](https://developers.redhat.com/blog/2018/10/08/configuring-nginx-keycloak-oauth-oidc/) * [Keycloak Clustering Setup and Configuration Examples](https://github.com/fit2anything/keycloak-cluster-setup-and-configuration) * [MicroProfile JWT with Keycloak](https://kodnito.com/posts/microprofile-jwt-with-keycloak/) * [Keycloak Essentials](https://medium.com/keycloak/keycloak-essentials-86254b2f1872) * [SSO-session failover with Keycloak and AWS S3](https://medium.com/@georgijsr/sso-session-failover-with-keycloak-and-aws-s3-e0b1db985e12) * [KTOR and Keycloak: authentication with OpenId](https://medium.com/slickteam/ktor-and-keycloak-authentication-with-openid-ecd415d7a62e) * [Keycloak: Core concepts of open source identity and access management](https://developers.redhat.com/blog/2019/12/11/keycloak-core-concepts-of-open-source-identity-and-access-management) * [Who am I? Keycloak Impersonation API](https://blog.softwaremill.com/who-am-i-keycloak-impersonation-api-bfe7acaf051a) * [Setup Keycloak Server on Ubuntu 18.04](https://medium.com/@hasnat.saeed/setup-keycloak-server-on-ubuntu-18-04-ed8c7c79a2d9) * [Getting started with Keycloak](https://robferguson.org/blog/2019/12/24/getting-started-with-keycloak/) * [Angular, OpenID Connect and Keycloak](https://robferguson.org/blog/2019/12/29/angular-openid-connect-keycloak/) * [Angular, OAuth 2.0 Scopes and Keycloak](https://robferguson.org/blog/2019/12/31/angular-oauth2-keycloak/) * [Keycloak, Flowable and OpenLDAP](https://robferguson.org/blog/2020/01/03/keycloak-flowable-and-openldap/) * [How to exchange token from an external provider to a keycloak token](https://www.mathieupassenaud.fr/token-exchange-keycloak/) * [Building an Event Listener SPI (Plugin) for Keycloak](https://dev.to/adwaitthattey/building-an-event-listener-spi-plugin-for-keycloak-2044) * [Keycloak user migration – connect your legacy authentication system to Keycloak](https://codesoapbox.dev/keycloak-user-migration/) * [Keycloak Authentication and Authorization in GraphQL](https://medium.com/@darahayes/keycloak-authentication-and-authorization-in-graphql-ad0a1685f7da) * [Kong / Konga / Keycloak: securing API through OIDC](https://github.com/d4rkstar/kong-konga-keycloak) * [KeyCloak: Custom Login theme](https://codehumsafar.wordpress.com/2018/09/11/keycloak-custom-login-theme/) * [Keycloak: Use background color instead of background image in Custom Login theme](https://codehumsafar.wordpress.com/2018/09/21/keycloak-use-background-color-instead-of-background-image-in-custom-login-theme/) * [How to turn off the Keycloak theme cache](https://keycloakthemes.com/blog/how-to-turn-off-the-keycloak-theme-cache) * [How to add a custom field to the Keycloak registration page](https://keycloakthemes.com/blog/how-to-add-custom-field-keycloak-registration-page) * [How to setup Sign in with Google using Keycloak](https://keycloakthemes.com/blog/how-to-setup-sign-in-with-google-using-keycloak) * [How to sign in users on Keycloak using Github](https://keycloakthemes.com/blog/how-to-sign-in-users-on-keycloak-using-github) * [Extending Keycloak SSO Capabilities with IBM Security Verify](https://community.ibm.com/community/user/security/blogs/jason-choi1/2020/06/10/extending-keycloak-sso-capabilities-with-ibm-secur) * [AWS SAML based User Federation using Keycloak](https://medium.com/@karanbir.tech/aws-connect-saml-based-identity-provider-using-keycloak-9b3e6d0111e6) * [AWS user account OpenID federation using Keycloak](https://medium.com/@karanbir.tech/aws-account-openid-federation-using-keycloak-40d22b952a43) * [How to Run Keycloak in HA on Kubernetes](https://blog.sighup.io/keycloak-ha-on-kubernetes/) * [How to create a Keycloak authenticator as a microservice?](https://medium.com/application-security/how-to-create-a-keycloak-authenticator-as-a-microservice-ad332e287b58) * [keycloak.ch | Installing & Running Keycloak](https://keycloak.ch/keycloak-tutorials/tutorial-1-installing-and-running-keycloak/) * [keycloak.ch | Configuring Token Exchange using the CLI](https://keycloak.ch/keycloak-tutorials/tutorial-token-exchange/) * [keycloak.ch | Configuring WebAuthn](https://keycloak.ch/keycloak-tutorials/tutorial-webauthn/) * [keycloak.ch | Configuring a SwissID integration](https://keycloak.ch/keycloak-tutorials/tutorial-swissid/) * [Getting Started with Service Accounts in Keycloak](https://medium.com/@mihirrajdixit/getting-started-with-service-accounts-in-keycloak-c8f6798a0675) * [Building cloud native apps: Identity and Access Management](https://dev.to/lukaszbudnik/building-cloud-native-apps-identity-and-access-management-1e5m) * [X.509 user certificate authentication with Red Hat’s single sign-on technology](https://developers.redhat.com/blog/2021/02/19/x-509-user-certificate-authentication-with-red-hats-single-sign-on-technology) * [Grafana OAuth with Keycloak and how to validate a JWT token](https://janikvonrotz.ch/2020/08/27/grafana-oauth-with-keycloak-and-how-to-validate-a-jwt-token/) * [How to setup a Keycloak server with external MySQL database on AWS ECS Fargate in clustered mode](https://jbjerksetmyr.medium.com/how-to-setup-a-keycloak-server-with-external-mysql-database-on-aws-ecs-fargate-in-clustered-mode-9775d01cd317) * [Extending Keycloak: adding API key authentication](http://www.zakariaamine.com/2019-06-14/extending-keycloak) * [Extending Keycloak: using a custom email sender](http://www.zakariaamine.com/2019-07-14/extending-keycloak2) * [Integrating Keycloak and OPA with Confluent](https://goraft.tech/2021/03/17/integrating-keycloak-and-opa-with-confluent.html) * [UMA 2.0 : User Managed Access - how to use it with bash](https://blog.please-open.it/uma/) ## Talks * [JDD2015 - Keycloak Open Source Identity and Access Management Solution](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TuEkj25lbd0) * [2015 Using Tomcat and Keycloak in an iFrame](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nF_lw7uIxao) * [2016 You've Got Microservices Now Secure Them](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SfVhqf-rMQY) * [2016 Keycloak: Open Source Single Sign On - Sebastian Rose - AOE conf (german)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wbKw0Bwyne4) * [2016 Sécuriser ses applications back et front facilement avec Keycloak (french)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bVidgluUcg0) * [2016 Keycloak and Red Hat Mobile Application Platform](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4NBgiHM5aOA) * [2016 Easily secure your Front and back applications with KeyCloak](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RGp4HUKikts) * [2017 Easily secure your Spring Boot applications with Keycloak - Part 1](https://developers.redhat.com/video/youtube/vpgRTPFDHAw/) * [2017 Easily secure your Spring Boot applications with Keycloak - Part 2](https://developers.redhat.com/video/youtube/O5ePCWON08Y/) * [2018 How to secure your Spring Apps with Keycloak by Thomas Darimont @ Spring I/O 2018](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=haHFoeWUj0w) * [2018 DevNation Live | A Deep Dive into Keycloak](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZxpY_zZ52kU) * [2018 IDM Europe: WSO2 Identity Server vs. Keycloak (Dmitry Kann)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hnjBiGsEDoU) * [2018 JPrime|Building an effective identity and access management architecture with Keycloak (Sebastien Blanc)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bMqcGkCvUVQ) * [2018 WJAX| Sichere Spring-Anwendungen mit Keycloak](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Z490EMcafs) * [2019 Spring I/O | Secure your Spring Apps with Keycloak](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KrOd5wIkqls) * [2019 DevoxxFR | Maitriser sa gestion de l'identité avec Keycloak (L. Benoit, T. Recloux, S. Blanc)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0cziL__0-K8) * [2019 DevConf | Fine - Grained Authorization with Keycloak SSO (Marek Posolda)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yosg4St0iUw) * [2019 VoxxedDays Minsk | Bilding an effective identity and access management architecture with Keycloak (Sebastien Blanc)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RupQWmYhrLA) * [2019 Single-Sign-On Authentifizierung mit dem Keycloak Identity Provider | jambit CoffeeTalk](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dnY6ORaFNY8) * [2020 Keycloak Team | Keycloak Pitch](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GZTN_VXjoQw) * [2020 Keycloak Team | Keycloak Overview](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=duawSV69LDI) * [2020 Please-open.it : oauth2 dans le monde des ops (french)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S-9X50QajmY) ## Presentations * [Keycloak 101](https://stevenolen.github.io/kc101-talk/#1) ## Video Playlists * [Keycloak Identity and Access Management by Łukasz Budnik](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLPZal7ksxNs0mgScrJxrggEayV-TPZ9sA) * [Keycloak by Niko Köbler](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLNn3plN7ZiaowUvKzKiJjYfWpp86u98iY) * [Keycloak Playlist by hexaDefence](https://youtu.be/35bflT_zxXA) * [Keycloak Tutorial Series by CodeLens](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lr9WeIMtFow&list=PLeGNmkzI56BTjRxNGxUhh4k30FD_gy0pC) ## Clients * [Official Keycloak Node.js Admin Client](https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak-admin-client/) ("Extremely Experimental") * [Keycloak Node.js TypeScript Admin Client by Canner](https://github.com/Canner/keycloak-admin/) * [Keycloak Go Client by Cloudtrust](https://github.com/cloudtrust/keycloak-client) * [Keycloak Nest.js Admin Client by Relevant Fruit](https://github.com/relevantfruit/nestjs-keycloak-admin) ## Community Extensions * [Keycloak Extensions List](https://www.keycloak.org/extensions.html) * [Keycloak Benchmark Project](https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak-benchmark) * [Keycloak: Link IdP Login with User Provider](https://github.com/ohioit/keycloak-link-idp-with-user) * [Client Owner Manager: Control who can edit a client](https://github.com/cyclone-project/cyclone-client-registration) * [Keyloak Proxy written in Go](https://github.com/gambol99/keycloak-proxy) * [Script based ProtocolMapper extension for SAML](https://github.com/cloudtrust/keycloak-client-mappers) * [Realm export REST resource by Cloudtrust](https://github.com/cloudtrust/keycloak-export) * [Keycloak JDBC Ping Setup by moremagic](https://github.com/moremagic/keycloak-jdbc-ping) * [SMS 2 Factor Authentication for Keycloak via AWS SNS](https://github.com/nickpack/keycloak-sms-authenticator-sns) * [SMS 2 Factor Authentiation for Keycloak via SMS by Alliander](https://github.com/Alliander/keycloak-sms-authenticator) * [Identity Provider for vk.com](https://github.com/mrk08/keycloak-vk) * [CAS Protocol Support](https://github.com/Doccrazy/keycloak-protocol-cas) * [WS-FED Support](https://github.com/cloudtrust/keycloak-wsfed) * [Keycloak Discord Support](https://github.com/wadahiro/keycloak-discord) * [Keycloak Login with User Attribute](https://github.com/cnieg/keycloak-login-attribute) * [zonaut/keycloak-extensions](https://github.com/zonaut/keycloak-extensions) * [leroyguillaume/keycloak-bcrypt](https://github.com/leroyguillaume/keycloak-bcrypt) * [SPI Authenticator in Nodejs](https://www.npmjs.com/package/keycloak-rest-authenticator) * [Have I Been Pwned? Keycloak Password Policy](https://github.com/alexashley/keycloak-password-policy-have-i-been-pwned) * [Keycloak Eventlistener for Google Cloud Pub Sub](https://github.com/acesso-io/keycloak-event-listener-gcpubsub) * [Enforcing Password policy based on attributes of User Groups](https://github.com/sayedcsekuet/keycloak-user-group-based-password-policy) * [Verify Email with Link or Code by hokumski](https://github.com/hokumski/keycloak-verifyemailwithcode) * [Role-based Docker registry authentication](https://github.com/lifs-tools/keycloak-docker-role-mapper) * [SCIM for keycloak](https://github.com/Captain-P-Goldfish/scim-for-keycloak) * [Keycloak Kafka Module](https://github.com/SnuK87/keycloak-kafka) ## Integrations * [Official Keycloak Node.js Connect Adapter](https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak-nodejs-connect) * [Keycloak support for Aurelia](https://github.com/waynepennington/aurelia-keycloak) * [Keycloak OAuth2 Auth for PHP](https://github.com/stevenmaguire/oauth2-keycloak) * [Jenkins Keycloak Authentication Plugin](https://github.com/jenkinsci/keycloak-plugin) * [Meteor Keycloak Accounts](https://github.com/mxab/meteor-keycloak) * [HapiJS Keycloak Auth](https://github.com/felixheck/hapi-auth-keycloak) * [zmartzone mod_auth_openidc for Apache 2.x](https://github.com/zmartzone/mod_auth_openidc) * [Duo Security MFA Authentication for Keycloak](https://github.com/mulesoft-labs/keycloak-duo-spi) * [Extension Keycloak facilitant l'utilisation de FranceConnect](https://github.com/InseeFr/Keycloak-FranceConnect) * [Ambassador Keycloak Support](https://www.getambassador.io/reference/idp-support/keycloak/) * [Keycloak Python Client](https://github.com/akhilputhiry/keycloak-client) * [Keycloak Terraform Provider](https://github.com/mrparkers/terraform-provider-keycloak) * [Keycloak ADFS OpenID Connect](https://www.michaelboeynaems.com/keycloak-ADFS-OIDC.html) * [React/NextJS Keycloak Bindings](https://github.com/panz3r/react-keycloak) * [Keycloak Open-Shift integration](https://github.com/keycloak/openshift-integration) * [Keycloak, Kong and Konga setup scripts (local development)](https://github.com/JaouherK/Kong-konga-Keycloak) * [SSO for Keycloak and Nextcloud with SAML](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/48400812/sso-with-saml-keycloak-and-nextcloud) * [Keycloak Connect GraphQL Adapter for Node.js](https://github.com/aerogear/keycloak-connect-graphql) * [python-keycloak](https://github.com/marcospereirampj/python-keycloak) * [Keycloak and PrivacyId3a docker-compose (local development)](https://github.com/JaouherK/keycloak-privacyIdea) * [Nerzal/gocloak Golang Keycloak API Package](https://github.com/Nerzal/gocloak) * [Apple Social Identity Provider for Keycloak](https://github.com/BenjaminFavre/keycloak-apple-social-identity-provider) ## Quick demo Videos * [Keycloak with istio envoy jwt-auth proxy](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wscX7JMfuBI) ## Themes * [Community Keycloak Ionic Theme](https://github.com/lfryc/keycloak-ionic-theme) * [A Keycloak theme based on the AdminLTE UI library](https://github.com/MAXIMUS-DeltaWare/adminlte-keycloak-theme) * [GOV.UK Theme](https://github.com/UKHomeOffice/keycloak-theme-govuk) * [Carbon Design](https://github.com/httpsOmkar/carbon-keycloak-theme) * [Modern](https://keycloakthemes.com/themes/modern) * [Adminlte](https://git.uptic.nl/uptic-public-projects/uptic-keyclock-theme-adminlte) * [keycloakify: Create Keycloak themes using React](https://github.com/InseeFrLab/keycloakify) ## Docker * [Official Keycloak Docker Images](https://github.com/jboss-dockerfiles/keycloak) * [Keycloak Examples as Docker Image](https://hub.docker.com/r/jboss/keycloak-examples) * [Keycloak Maven SDK for managing the entire lifecycle of your extensions with Docker](https://github.com/OpenPj/keycloak-docker-quickstart) ## Kubernetes * [Deprecated Keycloak Helm Chart](https://github.com/codecentric/helm-charts/tree/master/charts/keycloak) * [codecentric Keycloak Helm Chart](https://github.com/codecentric/helm-charts/tree/master/charts/keycloak) * [Import / Export Keycloak Config](https://gist.github.com/unguiculus/19618ef57b1863145262191944565c9d) * [keycloak-operator](https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak-operator) ## Tools * [keycloakmigration: Manage your Keycloak configuration with code](https://github.com/klg71/keycloakmigration) * [tool to autogenerate an OpenAPI Specification for Keycloak's Admin API](https://github.com/ccouzens/keycloak-openapi) * [oidc-bash-client](https://github.com/please-openit/oidc-bash-client) * [louketo-proxy (FKA Gatekeeper)](https://github.com/louketo/louketo-proxy) * [keycloak-config-cli: Configuration as Code for Keycloak](https://github.com/adorsys/keycloak-config-cli) * [Keycloak Pulumi](https://github.com/pulumi/pulumi-keycloak) * [Keycloak on AWS](https://github.com/aws-samples/keycloak-on-aws) * [aws-cdk construct library that allows you to create KeyCloak on AWS in TypeScript or Python](https://github.com/aws-samples/cdk-keycloak) * [keycloak-scanner Python CLI](https://github.com/NeuronAddict/keycloak-scanner) ## Deployment Examples * [Keycloak deployment with CDK on AWS with Fargate](https://github.com/aws-samples/cdk-keycloak) ## Example Projects * [Examples from Keycloak Book: Keycloak - Identity and Access Management for Modern Applications](https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Keycloak-Identity-and-Access-Management-for-Modern-Applications) * [Official Examples](https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/tree/master/examples) * [Keycloak Quickstarts](https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak-quickstarts) * [Drupal 7.0 with Keycloak](https://gist.github.com/thomasdarimont/17fa146c4fb5440d7fc2ee6322ec392d) * [Securing Realm Resources With Custom Roles](https://github.com/dteleguin/custom-admin-roles) * [BeerCloak: a comprehensive KeyCloak extension example](https://github.com/dteleguin/beercloak) * [KeyCloak Extensions: Securing Realm Resources With Custom Roles](https://github.com/dteleguin/custom-admin-roles) * [Red Hat Single Sign-On Labs](https://github.com/RedHatWorkshops/red-hat-sso) * [Spring Boot Keycloak Tutorial](https://github.com/sebastienblanc/spring-boot-keycloak-tutorial) * [Custom Keycloak Docker Image of Computer Science House of RIT](https://github.com/ComputerScienceHouse/keycloak-docker) * [Example of custom password hash SPI for Keycloak](https://github.com/pavelbogomolenko/keycloak-custom-password-hash) * [Example for a custom http-client-provider with Proxy support](https://github.com/xiaoyvr/custom-http-client-provider) * [Monitor your keycloak with prometheus](https://github.com/larscheid-schmitzhermes/keycloak-monitoring-prometheus) * [Custom User Storage Provider .ear with jboss-cli setup](https://github.com/thomasdarimont/keycloak-user-storage-provider-demo) * [Keycloak - Experimental extensions by Stian Thorgersen/Keycloak](https://github.com/stianst/keycloak-experimental) * [Securing Spring Boot Admin & Actuator Endpoints with Keycloak](https://github.com/thomasdarimont/spring-boot-admin-keycloak-example) * [A Keycloak Mobile Implementation using Angular v4 and Ionic v3](https://github.com/tomjackman/keyonic-v2) * [Example for Securing Apps with Keycloak on Kubernetes](https://github.com/stianst/demo-kubernetes) * [Example for Securing AspDotNet Core Apps with Keycloak](https://github.com/thomasdarimont/kc-dnc-demo) * [Example for passing custom URL parameters to a Keycloak theme for dynamic branding](https://github.com/dteleguin/keycloak-dynamic-branding) * [Angular Webapp secured with Keycloak](https://github.com/CodepediaOrg/bookmarks.dev) * [Keycloak Theme Development Kit](https://github.com/anthonny/kit-keycloak-theme) * [Keycloak Clustering examples](https://github.com/ivangfr/keycloak-clustered) * [Keycloak Last Login Date Event Listener](https://github.com/ThoreKr/keycloak-last-login-event-listener) * [Keycloak Project Example (Customizations, Extensions, Configuration)](https://github.com/thomasdarimont/keycloak-project-example) * [Example of adding API Key authentication to Keycloak](https://github.com/zak905/keycloak-api-key-demo) ## Benchmarks * [Gatling based Benchmark by @rvansa](https://github.com/rvansa/keycloak-benchmark) ## Help * [Keycloak on Stackoverflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/keycloak) ## Commercial Offerings * [Red Hat Single Sign-On](https://access.redhat.com/products/red-hat-single-sign-on) * [INTEGSOFT UNIFIED USER CREDENTIALS WITH KEYCLOAK SSO](https://www.integsoft.cz/en/sso.html#what-is-sso) * [JIRA SSO Plugin by codecentric](https://marketplace.atlassian.com/plugins/de.codecentric.atlassian.oidc.jira-oidc-plugin/server/overview) * [Keycloak Competence Center by Inventage AG](https://keycloak.ch/) * [Keycloak as a Service](https://www.cloud-iam.com) ## Miscellaneous * [Find sites using Keycloak with google](https://www.google.de/search?q=inurl%3Aauth+inurl%3Arealms+inurl%3Aprotocol&oq=inurl%3A&client=ubuntu&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8) * [Keycloak Dev Bookmarks](http://bookmarks.dev/search?q=keycloak) - Use the tag [keycloak](https://www.bookmarks.dev/tagged/keycloak) * [Use fail2ban to block brute-force attacks to keycloak server](https://gist.github.com/drmalex07/3eba8b98d0ac4a1e821e8e721b3e1816) * [Pentest-Report Keycloak 8.0 Audit & Pentest 11.2019 by Cure53](https://cure53.de/pentest-report_keycloak.pdf) * [Keycloak - CNCF Security SIG - Self Assesment](https://docs.google.com/document/d/14IIGliP3BWjdS-0wfOk3l_1AU8kyoSiLUzpPImsz4R0/edit#) # License [](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) To the extent possible under law, [Thomas Darimont](https://github.com/thomasdarimont) has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this work.

<html lang="en-US"><head><script type="text/javascript" async="" src="https://script.4dex.io/localstore.js"></script> <title>HTML p tag</title> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta name="Keywords" content="HTML, Python, CSS, SQL, JavaScript, How to, PHP, Java, C, C++, C#, jQuery, Bootstrap, Colors, W3.CSS, XML, MySQL, Icons, NodeJS, React, Graphics, Angular, R, AI, Git, Data Science, Code Game, Tutorials, Programming, Web Development, Training, Learning, Quiz, Exercises, Courses, Lessons, References, Examples, Learn to code, Source code, Demos, Tips, Website"> <meta name="Description" content="Well organized and easy to understand Web building tutorials with lots of examples of how to use HTML, CSS, JavaScript, SQL, Python, PHP, Bootstrap, Java, XML and more."> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.w3schools.com/images/w3schools_logo_436_2.png"> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="436"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="228"> <meta property="og:description" content="W3Schools offers free online tutorials, references and exercises in all the major languages of the web. Covering popular subjects like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Python, SQL, Java, and many, many more."> <link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"> <link rel="preload" href="/lib/fonts/fontawesome.woff2?14663396" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin=""> <link rel="preload" href="/lib/fonts/source-code-pro-v14-latin-regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin=""> <link rel="preload" href="/lib/fonts/roboto-mono-v13-latin-500.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin=""> <link rel="preload" href="/lib/fonts/source-sans-pro-v14-latin-700.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin=""> <link rel="preload" href="/lib/fonts/source-sans-pro-v14-latin-600.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin=""> <link rel="preload" href="/lib/fonts/freckle-face-v9-latin-regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/lib/w3schools30.css"> <script async="" src="//confiant-integrations.global.ssl.fastly.net/prebid/202204201359/wrap.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://confiant-integrations.global.ssl.fastly.net/t_Qv_vWzcBDsyn934F1E0MWBb1c/prebid/config.js" async=""></script><script type="text/javascript" async="" src="https://www.google-analytics.com/gtm/js?id=GTM-WJ88MZ5&amp;cid=1308236804.1650718121"></script><script async="" src="https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js"></script><script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-3855518-1', 'auto'); ga('require', 'displayfeatures'); ga('require', 'GTM-WJ88MZ5'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script> <script src="/lib/uic.js?v=1.0.3"></script> <script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript"> var k42 = false; k42 = true; </script> <script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript"> window.snigelPubConf = { "adengine": { "activeAdUnits": ["main_leaderboard", "sidebar_top", "bottom_left", "bottom_right"] } } uic_r_a() </script> <script async="" data-cfasync="false" src="https://cdn.snigelweb.com/adengine/w3schools.com/loader.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/lib/my-learning.js?v=1.0.9"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var stickyadstatus = ""; function fix_stickyad() { document.getElementById("stickypos").style.position = "sticky"; var elem = document.getElementById("stickyadcontainer"); if (!elem) {return false;} if (document.getElementById("skyscraper")) { var skyWidth = Number(w3_getStyleValue(document.getElementById("skyscraper"), "width").replace("px", "")); } else { var skyWidth = Number(w3_getStyleValue(document.getElementById("right"), "width").replace("px", "")); } elem.style.width = skyWidth + "px"; if (window.innerWidth <= 992) { elem.style.position = ""; elem.style.top = stickypos + "px"; return false; } var stickypos = document.getElementById("stickypos").offsetTop; var docTop = window.pageYOffset || document.documentElement.scrollTop || document.body.scrollTop; var adHeight = Number(w3_getStyleValue(elem, "height").replace("px", "")); if (stickyadstatus == "") { if ((stickypos - docTop) < 60) { elem.style.position = "fixed"; elem.style.top = "60px"; stickyadstatus = "sticky"; document.getElementById("stickypos").style.position = "sticky"; } } else { if ((docTop + 60) - stickypos < 0) { elem.style.position = ""; elem.style.top = stickypos + "px"; stickyadstatus = ""; document.getElementById("stickypos").style.position = "static"; } } if (stickyadstatus == "sticky") { if ((docTop + adHeight + 60) > document.getElementById("footer").offsetTop) { elem.style.position = "absolute"; elem.style.top = (document.getElementById("footer").offsetTop - adHeight) + "px"; document.getElementById("stickypos").style.position = "static"; } else { elem.style.position = "fixed"; elem.style.top = "60px"; stickyadstatus = "sticky"; document.getElementById("stickypos").style.position = "sticky"; } } } function w3_getStyleValue(elmnt,style) { if (window.getComputedStyle) { return window.getComputedStyle(elmnt,null).getPropertyValue(style); } else { return elmnt.currentStyle[style]; } } </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/browserref.css"> <script type="text/javascript" async="" src="//cdn.snigelweb.com/prebid/5.20.2/prebid.js?v=3547-1650632016452"></script><script type="text/javascript" async="" src="//c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" async="" src="//securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" async="" src="https://adengine.snigelweb.com/w3schools.com/3547-1650632016452/adngin.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" async="" src="//cdn.snigelweb.com/argus/argus.js"></script><meta http-equiv="origin-trial" content="AxujKG9INjsZ8/gUq8+dTruNvk7RjZQ1oFhhgQbcTJKDnZfbzSTE81wvC2Hzaf3TW4avA76LTZEMdiedF1vIbA4AAABueyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL2ltYXNkay5nb29nbGVhcGlzLmNvbTo0NDMiLCJmZWF0dXJlIjoiVHJ1c3RUb2tlbnMiLCJleHBpcnkiOjE2NTI3NzQ0MDAsImlzVGhpcmRQYXJ0eSI6dHJ1ZX0="><meta http-equiv="origin-trial" content="Azuce85ORtSnWe1MZDTv68qpaW3iHyfL9YbLRy0cwcCZwVnePnOmkUJlG8HGikmOwhZU22dElCcfrfX2HhrBPAkAAAB7eyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL2RvdWJsZWNsaWNrLm5ldDo0NDMiLCJmZWF0dXJlIjoiVHJ1c3RUb2tlbnMiLCJleHBpcnkiOjE2NTI3NzQ0MDAsImlzU3ViZG9tYWluIjp0cnVlLCJpc1RoaXJkUGFydHkiOnRydWV9"><meta http-equiv="origin-trial" content="A16nvcdeoOAqrJcmjLRpl1I6f3McDD8EfofAYTt/P/H4/AWwB99nxiPp6kA0fXoiZav908Z8etuL16laFPUdfQsAAACBeyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL2dvb2dsZXRhZ3NlcnZpY2VzLmNvbTo0NDMiLCJmZWF0dXJlIjoiVHJ1c3RUb2tlbnMiLCJleHBpcnkiOjE2NTI3NzQ0MDAsImlzU3ViZG9tYWluIjp0cnVlLCJpc1RoaXJkUGFydHkiOnRydWV9"><meta http-equiv="origin-trial" content="AxBHdr0J44vFBQtZUqX9sjiqf5yWZ/OcHRcRMN3H9TH+t90V/j3ENW6C8+igBZFXMJ7G3Pr8Dd13632aLng42wgAAACBeyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL2dvb2dsZXN5bmRpY2F0aW9uLmNvbTo0NDMiLCJmZWF0dXJlIjoiVHJ1c3RUb2tlbnMiLCJleHBpcnkiOjE2NTI3NzQ0MDAsImlzU3ViZG9tYWluIjp0cnVlLCJpc1RoaXJkUGFydHkiOnRydWV9"><meta http-equiv="origin-trial" content="A88BWHFjcawUfKU3lIejLoryXoyjooBXLgWmGh+hNcqMK44cugvsI5YZbNarYvi3roc1fYbHA1AVbhAtuHZflgEAAAB2eyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL2dvb2dsZS5jb206NDQzIiwiZmVhdHVyZSI6IlRydXN0VG9rZW5zIiwiZXhwaXJ5IjoxNjUyNzc0NDAwLCJpc1N1YmRvbWFpbiI6dHJ1ZSwiaXNUaGlyZFBhcnR5Ijp0cnVlfQ=="><meta http-equiv="origin-trial" content="AzoawhTRDevLR66Y6MROu167EDncFPBvcKOaQispTo9ouEt5LvcBjnRFqiAByRT+2cDHG1Yj4dXwpLeIhc98/gIAAACFeyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL2RvdWJsZWNsaWNrLm5ldDo0NDMiLCJmZWF0dXJlIjoiUHJpdmFjeVNhbmRib3hBZHNBUElzIiwiZXhwaXJ5IjoxNjYxMjk5MTk5LCJpc1N1YmRvbWFpbiI6dHJ1ZSwiaXNUaGlyZFBhcnR5Ijp0cnVlfQ=="><meta http-equiv="origin-trial" content="A6+nc62kbJgC46ypOwRsNW6RkDn2x7tgRh0wp7jb3DtFF7oEhu1hhm4rdZHZ6zXvnKZLlYcBlQUImC4d3kKihAcAAACLeyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL2dvb2dsZXN5bmRpY2F0aW9uLmNvbTo0NDMiLCJmZWF0dXJlIjoiUHJpdmFjeVNhbmRib3hBZHNBUElzIiwiZXhwaXJ5IjoxNjYxMjk5MTk5LCJpc1N1YmRvbWFpbiI6dHJ1ZSwiaXNUaGlyZFBhcnR5Ijp0cnVlfQ=="><meta http-equiv="origin-trial" content="A/9La288e7MDEU2ifusFnMg1C2Ij6uoa/Z/ylwJIXSsWfK37oESIPbxbt4IU86OGqDEPnNVruUiMjfKo65H/CQwAAACLeyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL2dvb2dsZXRhZ3NlcnZpY2VzLmNvbTo0NDMiLCJmZWF0dXJlIjoiUHJpdmFjeVNhbmRib3hBZHNBUElzIiwiZXhwaXJ5IjoxNjYxMjk5MTk5LCJpc1N1YmRvbWFpbiI6dHJ1ZSwiaXNUaGlyZFBhcnR5Ijp0cnVlfQ=="><script src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/gpt/pubads_impl_2022042001.js?cb=31067210" async=""></script><argprec0></argprec0><argprec1></argprec1><style type="text/css">.snigel-cmp-framework .sn-inner {background-color:#fffefe!important;}.snigel-cmp-framework .sn-b-def {border-color:#04aa6d!important;color:#04aa6d!important;}.snigel-cmp-framework .sn-b-def.sn-blue {color:#ffffff!important;background-color:#04aa6d!important;border-color:#04aa6d!important;}.snigel-cmp-framework .sn-selector ul li {color:#04aa6d!important;}.snigel-cmp-framework .sn-selector ul li:after {background-color:#04aa6d!important;}.snigel-cmp-framework .sn-footer-tab .sn-privacy a {color:#04aa6d!important;}.snigel-cmp-framework .sn-arrow:after,.snigel-cmp-framework .sn-arrow:before {background-color:#04aa6d!important;}.snigel-cmp-framework .sn-switch input:checked + span::before {background-color:#04aa6d!important;}#adconsent-usp-link {border: 1px solid #04aa6d!important;color:#04aa6d!important;}#adconsent-usp-banner-optout input:checked + .adconsent-usp-slider {background-color:#04aa6d!important;}#adconsent-usp-banner-btn {color:#ffffff;border: solid 1px #04aa6d!important;background-color:#04aa6d!important; }</style><link rel="preload" href="https://adservice.google.co.in/adsid/integrator.js?domain=www.w3schools.com" as="script"><script type="text/javascript" src="https://adservice.google.co.in/adsid/integrator.js?domain=www.w3schools.com"></script><link rel="preload" href="https://adservice.google.com/adsid/integrator.js?domain=www.w3schools.com" as="script"><script type="text/javascript" src="https://adservice.google.com/adsid/integrator.js?domain=www.w3schools.com"></script><meta http-equiv="origin-trial" content="A4/Htern2udN9w3yJK9QgWQxQFruxOXsXL7cW60DyCl0EZFGCSme/J33Q/WzF7bBkVvhEWDlcBiUyZaim5CpFQwAAACceyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL2dvb2dsZXRhZ3NlcnZpY2VzLmNvbTo0NDMiLCJmZWF0dXJlIjoiQ29udmVyc2lvbk1lYXN1cmVtZW50IiwiZXhwaXJ5IjoxNjQzMTU1MTk5LCJpc1N1YmRvbWFpbiI6dHJ1ZSwiaXNUaGlyZFBhcnR5Ijp0cnVlLCJ1c2FnZSI6InN1YnNldCJ9"><meta http-equiv="origin-trial" content="A4/Htern2udN9w3yJK9QgWQxQFruxOXsXL7cW60DyCl0EZFGCSme/J33Q/WzF7bBkVvhEWDlcBiUyZaim5CpFQwAAACceyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL2dvb2dsZXRhZ3NlcnZpY2VzLmNvbTo0NDMiLCJmZWF0dXJlIjoiQ29udmVyc2lvbk1lYXN1cmVtZW50IiwiZXhwaXJ5IjoxNjQzMTU1MTk5LCJpc1N1YmRvbWFpbiI6dHJ1ZSwiaXNUaGlyZFBhcnR5Ijp0cnVlLCJ1c2FnZSI6InN1YnNldCJ9"><meta http-equiv="origin-trial" content="A4/Htern2udN9w3yJK9QgWQxQFruxOXsXL7cW60DyCl0EZFGCSme/J33Q/WzF7bBkVvhEWDlcBiUyZaim5CpFQwAAACceyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL2dvb2dsZXRhZ3NlcnZpY2VzLmNvbTo0NDMiLCJmZWF0dXJlIjoiQ29udmVyc2lvbk1lYXN1cmVtZW50IiwiZXhwaXJ5IjoxNjQzMTU1MTk5LCJpc1N1YmRvbWFpbiI6dHJ1ZSwiaXNUaGlyZFBhcnR5Ijp0cnVlLCJ1c2FnZSI6InN1YnNldCJ9"><meta http-equiv="origin-trial" content="A4/Htern2udN9w3yJK9QgWQxQFruxOXsXL7cW60DyCl0EZFGCSme/J33Q/WzF7bBkVvhEWDlcBiUyZaim5CpFQwAAACceyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL2dvb2dsZXRhZ3NlcnZpY2VzLmNvbTo0NDMiLCJmZWF0dXJlIjoiQ29udmVyc2lvbk1lYXN1cmVtZW50IiwiZXhwaXJ5IjoxNjQzMTU1MTk5LCJpc1N1YmRvbWFpbiI6dHJ1ZSwiaXNUaGlyZFBhcnR5Ijp0cnVlLCJ1c2FnZSI6InN1YnNldCJ9"><link rel="preload" href="https://adservice.google.co.in/adsid/integrator.js?domain=www.w3schools.com" as="script"><script type="text/javascript" src="https://adservice.google.co.in/adsid/integrator.js?domain=www.w3schools.com"></script><link rel="preload" href="https://adservice.google.com/adsid/integrator.js?domain=www.w3schools.com" as="script"><script type="text/javascript" src="https://adservice.google.com/adsid/integrator.js?domain=www.w3schools.com"></script></head> <body> <style> #darkmodemenu { position:absolute; top:-40px; right:16px; padding:5px 20px 10px 18px; border-bottom-left-radius:5px; border-bottom-right-radius:5px; z-index:-1; transition: top 0.2s; user-select: none; } #darkmodemenu input,#darkmodemenu label { cursor:pointer; } </style> <script> ( function setThemeMode() { var x = localStorage.getItem("preferredmode"); var y = localStorage.getItem("preferredpagemode"); if (x == "dark") { document.body.className += " darktheme"; ga('send', 'event', 'theme' , "darkcode"); } if (y == "dark") { document.body.className += " darkpagetheme"; ga('send', 'event', 'theme' , "darkpage"); } })(); </script> <div id="pagetop" class="w3-bar w3-card-2 notranslate"> <a href="https://www.w3schools.com" class="w3-bar-item w3-button w3-hover-none w3-left w3-padding-16" title="Home" style="width:77px"> <i class="fa fa-logo ws-text-green ws-hover-text-green" style="position:relative;font-size:42px!important;"></i> </a> <style> @media screen and (max-width: 1080px) { .ws-hide-1080 { ddddisplay: none !important; } } @media screen and (max-width: 1160px) { .topnavmain_video { display: none !important; } } </style> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button w3-hide-small barex bar-item-hover w3-padding-24" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="w3_open_nav('tutorials')" id="navbtn_tutorials" title="Tutorials" style="width:116px">Tutorials <i class="fa fa-caret-down" style="font-size: 20px; display: inline;"></i><i class="fa fa-caret-up" style="display:none"></i></a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button w3-hide-small barex bar-item-hover w3-padding-24" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="w3_open_nav('references')" id="navbtn_references" title="References" style="width:132px">References <i class="fa fa-caret-down" style="font-size: 20px; display: inline;"></i><i class="fa fa-caret-up" style="display:none"></i></a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button w3-hide-small barex bar-item-hover w3-padding-24 ws-hide-800" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="w3_open_nav('exercises')" id="navbtn_exercises" title="Exercises" style="width:118px">Exercises <i class="fa fa-caret-down" style="font-size: 20px; display: inline;"></i><i class="fa fa-caret-up" style="display:none"></i></a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button w3-hide-medium bar-item-hover w3-hide-small w3-padding-24 barex topnavmain_video" href="https://www.w3schools.com/videos/index.php" title="Video Tutorials" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Videos' , 'fromTopnavMain')">Videos</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button w3-hide-medium bar-item-hover w3-hide-small w3-padding-24 barex" href="/pro/index.php" title="Go Pro" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Pro' , 'fromTopnavMainASP')">Pro <span class="ribbon-topnav ws-hide-1080">NEW</span></a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button bar-item-hover w3-padding-24" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="w3_open()" id="navbtn_menu" title="Menu" style="width:93px">Menu <i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i><i class="fa fa-caret-up" style="display:none"></i></a> <div id="loginactioncontainer" class="w3-right w3-padding-16" style="margin-left:50px"> <div id="mypagediv" style="display: none;"></div> <!-- <button id="w3loginbtn" style="border:none;display:none;cursor:pointer" class="login w3-right w3-hover-greener" onclick='w3_open_nav("login")'>LOG IN</button>--> <a id="w3loginbtn" class="w3-bar-item w3-btn bar-item-hover w3-right" style="display: inline; width: 130px; background-color: rgb(4, 170, 109); color: white; border-radius: 25px;" href="https://profile.w3schools.com/log-in?redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fmy-learning.w3schools.com" target="_self">Log in</a> </div> <div class="w3-right w3-padding-16"> <!--<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button bar-icon-hover w3-right w3-hover-white w3-hide-large w3-hide-medium" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="w3_open()" title="Menu"><i class='fa'>&#xf0c9;</i></a> --> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button bar-item-hover w3-right w3-hide-small barex" style="width: 140px; border-radius: 25px; margin-right: 15px;" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/" target="_blank" id="cert_navbtn" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Courses' , 'Clicked on courses in Main top navigation');" title="Courses">Paid Courses</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button bar-item-hover w3-right ws-hide-900 w3-hide-small barex ws-pink" style="border-radius: 25px; margin-right: 15px;" href="https://www.w3schools.com/spaces" target="_blank" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'spacesFromTopnavMain', 'click');" title="Get Your Own Website With W3Schools Spaces">Website <span class="ribbon-topnav ws-hide-1066">NEW</span></a> </div> </div> <div style="display: none; position: fixed; z-index: 4; right: 52px; height: 44px; background-color: rgb(40, 42, 53); letter-spacing: normal; top: 0px;" id="googleSearch"> <div class="gcse-search"></div> </div> <div style="display: none; position: fixed; z-index: 3; right: 111px; height: 44px; background-color: rgb(40, 42, 53); text-align: right; padding-top: 9px; top: 0px;" id="google_translate_element"></div> <div class="w3-card-2 topnav notranslate" id="topnav" style="position: fixed; top: 0px;"> <div style="overflow:auto;"> <div class="w3-bar w3-left" style="width:100%;overflow:hidden;height:44px"> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="topnav-icons fa fa-menu w3-hide-large w3-left w3-bar-item w3-button" onclick="open_menu()" title="Menu"></a> <a href="/default.asp" class="topnav-icons fa fa-home w3-left w3-bar-item w3-button" title="Home"></a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/html/default.asp" title="HTML Tutorial" style="padding-left:18px!important;padding-right:18px!important;">HTML</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/css/default.asp" title="CSS Tutorial">CSS</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/js/default.asp" title="JavaScript Tutorial">JAVASCRIPT</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/sql/default.asp" title="SQL Tutorial">SQL</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/default.asp" title="Python Tutorial">PYTHON</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/php/default.asp" title="PHP Tutorial">PHP</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/bootstrap/bootstrap_ver.asp" title="Bootstrap Tutorial">BOOTSTRAP</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/howto/default.asp" title="How To">HOW TO</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/w3css/default.asp" title="W3.CSS Tutorial">W3.CSS</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/java/default.asp" title="Java Tutorial">JAVA</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/jquery/default.asp" title="jQuery Tutorial">JQUERY</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/c/index.php" title="C Tutorial">C</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cpp/default.asp" title="C++ Tutorial">C++</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cs/index.php" title="C# Tutorial">C#</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/r/default.asp" title="R Tutorial">R</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/react/default.asp" title="React Tutorial">React</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="topnav-icons fa w3-right w3-bar-item w3-button" onclick="gSearch(this)" title="Search W3Schools"></a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="topnav-icons fa w3-right w3-bar-item w3-button" onclick="gTra(this)" title="Translate W3Schools"></a> <!-- <a href='javascript:void(0);' class='topnav-icons fa w3-right w3-bar-item w3-button' onclick='changecodetheme(this)' title='Toggle Dark Code Examples'>&#xe80b;</a>--> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="topnav-icons fa w3-right w3-bar-item w3-button" onmouseover="mouseoverdarkicon()" onmouseout="mouseoutofdarkicon()" onclick="changepagetheme(2)"></a> <!-- <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button w3-right" id='topnavbtn_exercises' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick='w3_open_nav("exercises")' title='Exercises'>EXERCISES <i class='fa fa-caret-down'></i><i class='fa fa-caret-up' style='display:none'></i></a> --> </div> <div id="darkmodemenu" class="ws-black" onmouseover="mouseoverdarkicon()" onmouseout="mouseoutofdarkicon()" style="top: -40px;"> <input id="radio_darkpage" type="checkbox" name="radio_theme_mode" onclick="click_darkpage()"><label for="radio_darkpage"> Dark mode</label> <br> <input id="radio_darkcode" type="checkbox" name="radio_theme_mode" onclick="click_darkcode()"><label for="radio_darkcode"> Dark code</label> </div> <nav id="nav_tutorials" class="w3-hide-small" style="position: absolute; padding-bottom: 60px; display: none;"> <div class="w3-content" style="max-width:1100px;font-size:18px"> <span onclick="w3_close_nav('tutorials')" class="w3-button w3-xxxlarge w3-display-topright w3-hover-white sectionxsclosenavspan" style="padding-right:30px;padding-left:30px;">×</span><br> <div class="w3-row-padding w3-bar-block"> <div class="w3-container" style="padding-left:13px"> <h2 style="color:#FFF4A3;"><b>Tutorials</b></h2> </div> <div class="w3-col l3 m6"> <h3 class="w3-margin-top">HTML and CSS</h3> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/html/default.asp">Learn HTML</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/css/default.asp">Learn CSS</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/css/css_rwd_intro.asp" title="Responsive Web Design">Learn RWD</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/bootstrap/bootstrap_ver.asp">Learn Bootstrap</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/w3css/default.asp">Learn W3.CSS</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/colors/default.asp">Learn Colors</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/icons/default.asp">Learn Icons</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/graphics/default.asp">Learn Graphics</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/graphics/svg_intro.asp">Learn SVG</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/graphics/canvas_intro.asp">Learn Canvas</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/howto/default.asp">Learn How To</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/sass/default.php">Learn Sass</a> <div class="w3-hide-large w3-hide-small"> <h3 class="w3-margin-top">Data Analytics</h3> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/ai/default.asp">Learn AI</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/python_ml_getting_started.asp">Learn Machine Learning</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/datascience/default.asp">Learn Data Science</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/numpy/default.asp">Learn NumPy</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/pandas/default.asp">Learn Pandas</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/scipy/index.php">Learn SciPy</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/matplotlib_intro.asp">Learn Matplotlib</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/statistics/index.php">Learn Statistics</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/excel/index.php">Learn Excel</a> <h3 class="w3-margin-top">XML Tutorials</h3> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/default.asp">Learn XML</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/ajax_intro.asp">Learn XML AJAX</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/dom_intro.asp">Learn XML DOM</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/xml_dtd_intro.asp">Learn XML DTD</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/schema_intro.asp">Learn XML Schema</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/xsl_intro.asp">Learn XSLT</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/xpath_intro.asp">Learn XPath</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/xquery_intro.asp">Learn XQuery</a> </div> </div> <div class="w3-col l3 m6"> <h3 class="w3-margin-top">JavaScript</h3> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/js/default.asp">Learn JavaScript</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/jquery/default.asp">Learn jQuery</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/react/default.asp">Learn React</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/angular/default.asp">Learn AngularJS</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/js/js_json_intro.asp">Learn JSON</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/js/js_ajax_intro.asp">Learn AJAX</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/appml/default.asp">Learn AppML</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/w3js/default.asp">Learn W3.JS</a> <h3 class="w3-margin-top">Programming</h3> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/default.asp">Learn Python</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/java/default.asp">Learn Java</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/c/index.php">Learn C</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cpp/default.asp">Learn C++</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cs/index.php">Learn C#</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/r/default.asp">Learn R</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/kotlin/index.php">Learn Kotlin</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/go/index.php">Learn Go</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/django/index.php">Learn Django</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/typescript/index.php">Learn TypeScript</a> </div> <div class="w3-col l3 m6"> <h3 class="w3-margin-top">Server Side</h3> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/sql/default.asp">Learn SQL</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/mysql/default.asp">Learn MySQL</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/php/default.asp">Learn PHP</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/asp/default.asp">Learn ASP</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/nodejs/default.asp">Learn Node.js</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/nodejs/nodejs_raspberrypi.asp">Learn Raspberry Pi</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/git/default.asp">Learn Git</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/aws/index.php">Learn AWS Cloud</a> <h3 class="w3-margin-top">Web Building</h3> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://www.w3schools.com/spaces" target="_blank" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'spacesFromTutorialsAcc', 'click');" title="Get Your Own Website With W3schools Spaces">Create a Website <span class="ribbon-topnav ws-yellow">NEW</span></a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/where_to_start.asp">Where To Start</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/w3css/w3css_templates.asp">Web Templates</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/browsers/default.asp">Web Statistics</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/default.asp">Web Certificates</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/whatis/default.asp">Web Development</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/tryit/default.asp">Code Editor</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/typingspeed/default.asp">Test Your Typing Speed</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/codegame/index.html" target="_blank">Play a Code Game</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cybersecurity/index.php">Cyber Security</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/accessibility/index.php">Accessibility</a> </div> <div class="w3-col l3 m6 w3-hide-medium"> <h3 class="w3-margin-top">Data Analytics</h3> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/ai/default.asp">Learn AI</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/python_ml_getting_started.asp">Learn Machine Learning</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/datascience/default.asp">Learn Data Science</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/numpy/default.asp">Learn NumPy</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/pandas/default.asp">Learn Pandas</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/scipy/index.php">Learn SciPy</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/matplotlib_intro.asp">Learn Matplotlib</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/statistics/index.php">Learn Statistics</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/excel/index.php">Learn Excel</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/googlesheets/index.php">Learn Google Sheets</a> <h3 class="w3-margin-top">XML Tutorials</h3> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/default.asp">Learn XML</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/ajax_intro.asp">Learn XML AJAX</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/dom_intro.asp">Learn XML DOM</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/xml_dtd_intro.asp">Learn XML DTD</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/schema_intro.asp">Learn XML Schema</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/xsl_intro.asp">Learn XSLT</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/xpath_intro.asp">Learn XPath</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/xquery_intro.asp">Learn XQuery</a> </div> </div> </div> <br class="hidesm"> </nav> <nav id="nav_references" class="w3-hide-small" style="position: absolute; padding-bottom: 60px; display: none;"> <div class="w3-content" style="max-width:1100px;font-size:18px"> <span onclick="w3_close_nav('references')" class="w3-button w3-xxxlarge w3-display-topright w3-hover-white sectionxsclosenavspan" style="padding-right:30px;padding-left:30px;">×</span><br> <div class="w3-row-padding w3-bar-block"> <div class="w3-container" style="padding-left:13px"> <h2 style="color:#FFF4A3;"><b>References</b></h2> </div> <div class="w3-col l3 m6"> <h3 class="w3-margin-top">HTML</h3> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/tags/default.asp">HTML Tag Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/tags/ref_html_browsersupport.asp">HTML Browser Support</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/tags/ref_eventattributes.asp">HTML Event Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/colors/default.asp">HTML Color Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/tags/ref_attributes.asp">HTML Attribute Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/tags/ref_canvas.asp">HTML Canvas Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/graphics/svg_reference.asp">HTML SVG Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/graphics/google_maps_reference.asp">Google Maps Reference</a> <h3 class="w3-margin-top">CSS</h3> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cssref/default.asp">CSS Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cssref/css3_browsersupport.asp">CSS Browser Support</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cssref/css_selectors.asp">CSS Selector Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/bootstrap/bootstrap_ref_all_classes.asp">Bootstrap 3 Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/bootstrap4/bootstrap_ref_all_classes.asp">Bootstrap 4 Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/w3css/w3css_references.asp">W3.CSS Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/icons/icons_reference.asp">Icon Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/sass/sass_functions_string.php">Sass Reference</a> </div> <div class="w3-col l3 m6"> <h3 class="w3-margin-top">JavaScript</h3> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/jsref/default.asp">JavaScript Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/jsref/default.asp">HTML DOM Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/jquery/jquery_ref_overview.asp">jQuery Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/angular/angular_ref_directives.asp">AngularJS Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/appml/appml_reference.asp">AppML Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/w3js/w3js_references.asp">W3.JS Reference</a> <h3 class="w3-margin-top">Programming</h3> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/python_reference.asp">Python Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/java/java_ref_keywords.asp">Java Reference</a> </div> <div class="w3-col l3 m6"> <h3 class="w3-margin-top">Server Side</h3> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/sql/sql_ref_keywords.asp">SQL Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/mysql/mysql_ref_functions.asp">MySQL Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/php/php_ref_overview.asp">PHP Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/asp/asp_ref_response.asp">ASP Reference</a> <h3 class="w3-margin-top">XML</h3> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/dom_nodetype.asp">XML DOM Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/dom_http.asp">XML Http Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/xsl_elementref.asp">XSLT Reference</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/schema_elements_ref.asp">XML Schema Reference</a> </div> <div class="w3-col l3 m6"> <h3 class="w3-margin-top">Character Sets</h3> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/charsets/default.asp">HTML Character Sets</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/charsets/ref_html_ascii.asp">HTML ASCII</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/charsets/ref_html_ansi.asp">HTML ANSI</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/charsets/ref_html_ansi.asp">HTML Windows-1252</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/charsets/ref_html_8859.asp">HTML ISO-8859-1</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/charsets/ref_html_symbols.asp">HTML Symbols</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/charsets/ref_html_utf8.asp">HTML UTF-8</a> </div> </div> <br class="hidesm"> </div> </nav> <nav id="nav_exercises" class="w3-hide-small" style="position: absolute; padding-bottom: 60px; display: none;"> <div class="w3-content" style="max-width:1100px;font-size:18px"> <span onclick="w3_close_nav('exercises')" class="w3-button w3-xxxlarge w3-display-topright w3-hover-white sectionxsclosenavspan" style="padding-right:30px;padding-left:30px;">×</span><br> <div class="w3-row-padding w3-bar-block"> <div class="w3-container" style="padding-left:13px"> <h2 style="color:#FFF4A3;"><b>Exercises and Quizzes</b></h2> </div> <div class="w3-col l3 m6"> <h3 class="w3-margin-top"><a class="ws-btn ws-yellow w3-hover-text-white" style="width:155px;font-size:21px" href="/exercises/index.php">Exercises</a></h3> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/html/html_exercises.asp">HTML Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/css/css_exercises.asp">CSS Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/js/js_exercises.asp">JavaScript Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/sql/sql_exercises.asp">SQL Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/mysql/mysql_exercises.asp">MySQL Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/php/php_exercises.asp">PHP Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/python_exercises.asp">Python Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/numpy/numpy_exercises.asp">NumPy Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/pandas/pandas_exercises.asp">Pandas Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/scipy/scipy_exercises.php">SciPy Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/jquery/jquery_exercises.asp">jQuery Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/java/java_exercises.asp">Java Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cpp/cpp_exercises.asp">C++ Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cs/cs_exercises.asp">C# Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/r/r_exercises.asp">R Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/kotlin/kotlin_exercises.php">Kotlin Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/go/go_exercises.php">Go Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/bootstrap/bootstrap_exercises.asp">Bootstrap Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/bootstrap4/bootstrap_exercises.asp">Bootstrap 4 Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/bootstrap5/bootstrap_exercises.php">Bootstrap 5 Exercises</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/git/git_exercises.asp">Git Exercises</a> </div> <div class="w3-col l3 m6"> <h3 class="w3-margin-top"><a class="ws-btn ws-yellow w3-hover-text-white" style="width:135px;font-size:21px" href="/quiztest/default.asp">Quizzes</a></h3> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/html/html_quiz.asp" target="_top">HTML Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/css/css_quiz.asp" target="_top">CSS Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/js/js_quiz.asp" target="_top">JavaScript Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/sql/sql_quiz.asp" target="_top">SQL Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/mysql/mysql_quiz.asp" target="_top">MySQL Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/php/php_quiz.asp" target="_top">PHP Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/python_quiz.asp" target="_top">Python Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/numpy/numpy_quiz.asp" target="_top">NumPy Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/pandas/pandas_quiz.asp" target="_top">Pandas Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/python/scipy/scipy_quiz.php" target="_top">SciPy Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/jquery/jquery_quiz.asp" target="_top">jQuery Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/java/java_quiz.asp" target="_top">Java Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cpp/cpp_quiz.asp" target="_top">C++ Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cs/cs_quiz.asp" target="_top">C# Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/r/r_quiz.asp" target="_top">R Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/kotlin/kotlin_quiz.php" target="_top">Kotlin Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/xml/xml_quiz.asp" target="_top">XML Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/bootstrap/bootstrap_quiz.asp" target="_top">Bootstrap Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/bootstrap4/bootstrap_quiz.asp" target="_top">Bootstrap 4 Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/bootstrap5/bootstrap_quiz.php" target="_top">Bootstrap 5 Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cybersecurity/cybersecurity_quiz.php">Cyber Security Quiz</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/accessibility/accessibility_quiz.php">Accessibility Quiz</a> </div> <div class="w3-col l3 m6"> <h3 class="w3-margin-top"><a class="ws-btn ws-yellow w3-hover-text-white" style="width:135px;font-size:21px" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/" target="_blank">Courses</a></h3> <!-- cert <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/cert_html_new.asp" target="_top">HTML Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/cert_css.asp" target="_top">CSS Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/cert_javascript.asp" target="_top">JavaScript Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/cert_sql.asp" target="_top">SQL Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/cert_php.asp" target="_top">PHP Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/cert_python.asp" target="_top">Python Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/cert_bootstrap.asp" target="_top">Bootstrap Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/cert_jquery.asp" target="_top">jQuery Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/cert_xml.asp" target="_top">XML Certificate</a> --> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/html" target="_blank">HTML Course</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/css" target="_blank">CSS Course</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/javascript" target="_blank">JavaScript Course</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/programs/front-end" target="_blank">Front End Course</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/sql" target="_blank">SQL Course</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/php" target="_blank">PHP Course</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/python" target="_blank">Python Course</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/numpy-fundamentals" target="_blank">NumPy Course</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/pandas-fundamentals" target="_blank">Pandas Course</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/programs/data-analytics" target="_blank">Data Analytics Course</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/jquery" target="_blank">jQuery Course</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/java" target="_blank">Java Course</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/cplusplus" target="_blank">C++ Course</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/c-sharp" target="_blank">C# Course</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/r-fundamentals" target="_blank">R Course</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/xml" target="_blank">XML Course</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/introduction-to-cyber-security" target="_blank">Cyber Security Course</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/accessibility-fundamentals" target="_blank">Accessibility Course</a> </div> <div class="w3-col l3 m6"> <h3 class="w3-margin-top"><a class="ws-btn ws-yellow w3-hover-text-white" style="width:150px;font-size:21px" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/browse/certifications" target="_blank">Certificates</a></h3> <!-- cert <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/cert_html_new.asp" target="_top">HTML Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/cert_css.asp" target="_top">CSS Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/cert_javascript.asp" target="_top">JavaScript Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/cert_sql.asp" target="_top">SQL Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/cert_php.asp" target="_top">PHP Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/cert_python.asp" target="_top">Python Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/cert_bootstrap.asp" target="_top">Bootstrap Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/cert_jquery.asp" target="_top">jQuery Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="/cert/cert_xml.asp" target="_top">XML Certificate</a> --> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/browse/certifications/courses/html-certification-exam" target="_blank">HTML Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/browse/certifications/courses/css-certification-exam" target="_blank">CSS Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/browse/certifications/courses/javascript-certification-exam" target="_blank">JavaScript Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/browse/certifications/courses/front-end-certification-exam" target="_blank">Front End Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/browse/certifications/courses/sql-certification-exam" target="_blank">SQL Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/browse/certifications/courses/php-certification-exam" target="_blank">PHP Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/browse/certifications/courses/python-certificaftion-exam" target="_blank">Python Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/browse/certifications/courses/data-science-certification-exam" target="_blank">Data Science Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/browse/certifications/courses/bootstrap-3-certification-exam" target="_blank">Bootstrap 3 Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/browse/certifications/courses/bootstrap-4-certification-exam" target="_blank">Bootstrap 4 Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/browse/certifications/courses/jquery-certification-exam" target="_blank">jQuery Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/browse/certifications/courses/java-certification-exam" target="_blank">Java Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/browse/certifications/courses/c-certification-exam" target="_blank">C++ Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/browse/certifications/courses/react-certification-exam" target="_blank">React Certificate</a> <a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="https://courses.w3schools.com/browse/certifications/courses/xml-certification-exam" target="_blank">XML Certificate</a> </div> </div> <br class="hidesm"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="myAccordion" class="w3-card-2 w3-center w3-hide-large w3-hide-medium ws-grey" style="width: 100%; position: absolute; display: none; padding-top: 44px;"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="w3_close()" class="w3-button w3-xxlarge w3-right">×</a><br> <div class="w3-container w3-padding-32"> <a class="w3-button w3-block" style="font-size:22px;" onclick="open_xs_menu('tutorials');" href="javascript:void(0);">Tutorials <i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></a> <div id="sectionxs_tutorials" class="w3-left-align w3-show" style="background-color:#282A35;color:white;"></div> <a class="w3-button w3-block" style="font-size:22px;" onclick="open_xs_menu('references')" href="javascript:void(0);">References <i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></a> <div id="sectionxs_references" class="w3-left-align w3-show" style="background-color:#282A35;color:white;"></div> <a class="w3-button w3-block" style="font-size:22px;" onclick="open_xs_menu('exercises')" href="javascript:void(0);">Exercises <i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></a> <div id="sectionxs_exercises" class="w3-left-align w3-show" style="background-color:#282A35;color:white;"></div> <a class="w3-button w3-block" style="font-size:22px;" href="/cert/default.asp" target="_blank">Paid Courses</a> <a class="w3-button w3-block" style="font-size:22px;" href="https://www.w3schools.com/spaces" target="_blank" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'spacesFromTutorialsAcc', 'click');" title="Get Your Own Website With W3schools Spaces">Spaces</a> <a class="w3-button w3-block" style="font-size:22px;" target="_blank" href="https://www.w3schools.com/videos/index.php" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Videos' , 'fromTopnavMain')" title="Video Tutorials">Videos</a> <a class="w3-button w3-block" style="font-size:22px;" href="https://shop.w3schools.com" target="_blank">Shop</a> <a class="w3-button w3-block" style="font-size:22px;" href="/pro/index.php">Pro</a> </div> </div> <script> ( function setThemeCheckboxes() { var x = localStorage.getItem("preferredmode"); var y = localStorage.getItem("preferredpagemode"); if (x == "dark") { document.getElementById("radio_darkcode").checked = true; } if (y == "dark") { document.getElementById("radio_darkpage").checked = true; } })(); function mouseoverdarkicon() { if(window.matchMedia("(pointer: coarse)").matches) { return false; } var a = document.getElementById("darkmodemenu"); a.style.top = "44px"; } function mouseoutofdarkicon() { var a = document.getElementById("darkmodemenu"); a.style.top = "-40px"; } function changepagetheme(n) { var a = document.getElementById("radio_darkcode"); var b = document.getElementById("radio_darkpage"); document.body.className = document.body.className.replace("darktheme", ""); document.body.className = document.body.className.replace("darkpagetheme", ""); document.body.className = document.body.className.replace(" ", " "); if (a.checked && b.checked) { localStorage.setItem("preferredmode", "light"); localStorage.setItem("preferredpagemode", "light"); a.checked = false; b.checked = false; } else { document.body.className += " darktheme"; document.body.className += " darkpagetheme"; localStorage.setItem("preferredmode", "dark"); localStorage.setItem("preferredpagemode", "dark"); a.checked = true; b.checked = true; } } function click_darkpage() { var b = document.getElementById("radio_darkpage"); if (b.checked) { document.body.className += " darkpagetheme"; document.body.className = document.body.className.replace(" ", " "); localStorage.setItem("preferredpagemode", "dark"); } else { document.body.className = document.body.className.replace("darkpagetheme", ""); document.body.className = document.body.className.replace(" ", " "); localStorage.setItem("preferredpagemode", "light"); } } function click_darkcode() { var a = document.getElementById("radio_darkcode"); if (a.checked) { document.body.className += " darktheme"; document.body.className = document.body.className.replace(" ", " "); localStorage.setItem("preferredmode", "dark"); } else { document.body.className = document.body.className.replace("darktheme", ""); document.body.className = document.body.className.replace(" ", " "); localStorage.setItem("preferredmode", "light"); } } </script> <div class="w3-sidebar w3-collapse" id="sidenav" style="top: 44px; display: none;"> <div id="leftmenuinner" style="padding-top: 44px;"> <div id="leftmenuinnerinner"> <!-- <a href='javascript:void(0)' onclick='close_menu()' class='w3-button w3-hide-large w3-large w3-display-topright' style='right:16px;padding:3px 12px;font-weight:bold;'>&times;</a>--> <h2 class="left"><span class="left_h2">HTML</span> Reference</h2> <a target="_top" href="default.asp">HTML by Alphabet</a> <a target="_top" href="ref_byfunc.asp">HTML by Category</a> <a target="_top" href="ref_html_browsersupport.asp">HTML Browser Support</a> <a target="_top" href="ref_attributes.asp">HTML Attributes</a> <a target="_top" href="ref_standardattributes.asp">HTML Global Attributes</a> <a target="_top" href="ref_eventattributes.asp">HTML Events</a> <a target="_top" href="ref_colornames.asp">HTML Colors</a> <a target="_top" href="ref_canvas.asp">HTML Canvas</a> <a target="_top" href="ref_av_dom.asp">HTML Audio/Video</a> <a target="_top" href="ref_charactersets.asp">HTML Character Sets</a> <a target="_top" href="ref_html_dtd.asp">HTML Doctypes</a> <a target="_top" href="ref_urlencode.asp">HTML URL Encode</a> <a target="_top" href="ref_language_codes.asp">HTML Language Codes</a> <a target="_top" href="ref_country_codes.asp">HTML Country Codes</a> <a target="_top" href="ref_httpmessages.asp">HTTP Messages</a> <a target="_top" href="ref_httpmethods.asp">HTTP Methods</a> <a target="_top" href="ref_pxtoemconversion.asp">PX to EM Converter</a> <a target="_top" href="ref_keyboardshortcuts.asp">Keyboard Shortcuts</a> <br> <div class="notranslate"> <h2 class="left"><span class="left_h2">HTML</span> Tags</h2> <a target="_top" href="tag_comment.asp">&lt;!--&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_doctype.asp">&lt;!DOCTYPE&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_a.asp">&lt;a&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_abbr.asp">&lt;abbr&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_acronym.asp">&lt;acronym&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_address.asp">&lt;address&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_applet.asp">&lt;applet&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_area.asp">&lt;area&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_article.asp">&lt;article&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_aside.asp">&lt;aside&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_audio.asp">&lt;audio&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_b.asp">&lt;b&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_base.asp">&lt;base&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_basefont.asp">&lt;basefont&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_bdi.asp">&lt;bdi&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_bdo.asp">&lt;bdo&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_big.asp">&lt;big&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_blockquote.asp">&lt;blockquote&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_body.asp">&lt;body&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_br.asp">&lt;br&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_button.asp">&lt;button&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_canvas.asp">&lt;canvas&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_caption.asp">&lt;caption&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_center.asp">&lt;center&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_cite.asp">&lt;cite&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_code.asp">&lt;code&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_col.asp">&lt;col&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_colgroup.asp">&lt;colgroup&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_data.asp">&lt;data&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_datalist.asp">&lt;datalist&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_dd.asp">&lt;dd&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_del.asp">&lt;del&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_details.asp">&lt;details&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_dfn.asp">&lt;dfn&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_dialog.asp">&lt;dialog&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_dir.asp">&lt;dir&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_div.asp">&lt;div&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_dl.asp">&lt;dl&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_dt.asp">&lt;dt&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_em.asp">&lt;em&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_embed.asp">&lt;embed&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_fieldset.asp">&lt;fieldset&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_figcaption.asp">&lt;figcaption&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_figure.asp">&lt;figure&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_font.asp">&lt;font&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_footer.asp">&lt;footer&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_form.asp">&lt;form&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_frame.asp">&lt;frame&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_frameset.asp">&lt;frameset&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_hn.asp">&lt;h1&gt; - &lt;h6&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_head.asp">&lt;head&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_header.asp">&lt;header&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_hr.asp">&lt;hr&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_html.asp">&lt;html&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_i.asp">&lt;i&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_iframe.asp">&lt;iframe&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_img.asp">&lt;img&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_input.asp">&lt;input&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_ins.asp">&lt;ins&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_kbd.asp">&lt;kbd&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_label.asp">&lt;label&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_legend.asp">&lt;legend&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_li.asp">&lt;li&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_link.asp">&lt;link&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_main.asp">&lt;main&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_map.asp">&lt;map&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_mark.asp">&lt;mark&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_meta.asp">&lt;meta&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_meter.asp">&lt;meter&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_nav.asp">&lt;nav&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_noframes.asp">&lt;noframes&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_noscript.asp">&lt;noscript&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_object.asp">&lt;object&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_ol.asp">&lt;ol&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_optgroup.asp">&lt;optgroup&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_option.asp">&lt;option&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_output.asp">&lt;output&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_p.asp" class="active">&lt;p&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_param.asp">&lt;param&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_picture.asp">&lt;picture&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_pre.asp">&lt;pre&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_progress.asp">&lt;progress&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_q.asp">&lt;q&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_rp.asp">&lt;rp&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_rt.asp">&lt;rt&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_ruby.asp">&lt;ruby&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_s.asp">&lt;s&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_samp.asp">&lt;samp&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_script.asp">&lt;script&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_section.asp">&lt;section&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_select.asp">&lt;select&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_small.asp">&lt;small&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_source.asp">&lt;source&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_span.asp">&lt;span&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_strike.asp">&lt;strike&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_strong.asp">&lt;strong&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_style.asp">&lt;style&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_sub.asp">&lt;sub&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_summary.asp">&lt;summary&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_sup.asp">&lt;sup&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_svg.asp">&lt;svg&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_table.asp">&lt;table&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_tbody.asp">&lt;tbody&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_td.asp">&lt;td&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_template.asp">&lt;template&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_textarea.asp">&lt;textarea&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_tfoot.asp">&lt;tfoot&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_th.asp">&lt;th&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_thead.asp">&lt;thead&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_time.asp">&lt;time&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_title.asp">&lt;title&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_tr.asp">&lt;tr&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_track.asp">&lt;track&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_tt.asp">&lt;tt&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_u.asp">&lt;u&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_ul.asp">&lt;ul&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_var.asp">&lt;var&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_video.asp">&lt;video&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_wbr.asp">&lt;wbr&gt;</a> </div> <br><br> </div> </div> </div> <div class="w3-main w3-light-grey" id="belowtopnav" style="margin-left: 220px; padding-top: 44px;"> <div class="w3-row w3-white"> <div class="w3-col l10 m12" id="main"> <div id="mainLeaderboard" style="overflow:hidden;"> <!-- MainLeaderboard--> <!--<pre>main_leaderboard, all: [728,90][970,90][320,50][468,60]</pre>--> <div id="adngin-main_leaderboard-0" data-google-query-id="CJPA_sueqvcCFXiOSwUd2fYBLg"><div id="google_ads_iframe_/22152718,16833175/sws-hb//w3schools.com//main_leaderboard_1__container__" style="border: 0pt none;"><iframe id="google_ads_iframe_/22152718,16833175/sws-hb//w3schools.com//main_leaderboard_1" name="google_ads_iframe_/22152718,16833175/sws-hb//w3schools.com//main_leaderboard_1" title="3rd party ad content" width="728" height="90" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0" role="region" aria-label="Advertisement" tabindex="0" srcdoc="" data-google-container-id="7" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" data-load-complete="true"><div style="position: absolute; width: 0px; height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; overflow: hidden;"><button></button><a href="https://yahoo.com"></a><input></div></iframe></div></div> <!-- adspace leaderboard --> </div> <h1>HTML <span class="color_h1">&lt;p&gt;</span> Tag</h1> <div class="w3-clear w3-center nextprev"> <a class="w3-left w3-btn" href="tag_output.asp">❮<span class="w3-hide-small"> Previous</span></a> <a class="w3-btn" href="default.asp"><span class="w3-hide-small">Complete HTML </span>Reference</a> <a class="w3-right w3-btn" href="tag_param.asp"><span class="w3-hide-small">Next </span>❯</a> </div> <br> <div class="w3-example"> <h3>Example</h3> <p>A paragraph is marked up as follows:</p> <div class="w3-code notranslate htmlHigh"> <span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span>This is some text in a paragraph.<span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>/p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span> </div> <a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_paragraphs1" class="w3-btn w3-margin-bottom">Try it Yourself »</a> </div> <p>More "Try it Yourself" examples below.</p> <hr> <h2>Definition and Usage</h2> <p>The <code class="w3-codespan">&lt;p&gt;</code> tag defines a paragraph.</p> <p>Browsers automatically add a single blank line before and after each <code class="w3-codespan">&lt;p&gt;</code> element.</p> <p><strong>Tip:</strong> Use CSS to <a href="/html/html_css.asp">style paragraphs</a>.</p> <hr> <h2>Browser Support</h2> <table class="browserref notranslate"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:20%;font-size:16px;text-align:left;">Element</th> <th style="width:16%;" class="bsChrome" title="Chrome"></th> <th style="width:16%;" class="bsEdge" title="Internet Explorer / Edge"></th> <th style="width:16%;" class="bsFirefox" title="Firefox"></th> <th style="width:16%;" class="bsSafari" title="Safari"></th> <th style="width:16%;" class="bsOpera" title="Opera"></th> </tr><tr> <td style="text-align:left;">&lt;p&gt;</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Yes</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <hr> <h2>Global Attributes</h2> <p>The <code class="w3-codespan">&lt;p&gt;</code> tag also supports the <a href="ref_standardattributes.asp">Global Attributes in HTML</a>.</p> <hr> <h2>Event Attributes</h2> <p>The <code class="w3-codespan">&lt;p&gt;</code> tag also supports the <a href="ref_eventattributes.asp">Event Attributes in HTML</a>.</p> <hr> <div id="midcontentadcontainer" style="overflow:auto;text-align:center"> <!-- MidContent --> <!-- <p class="adtext">Advertisement</p> --> <div id="adngin-mid_content-0" data-google-query-id="CKfs_8ueqvcCFXiOSwUd2fYBLg"><div id="sn_ad_label_adngin-mid_content-0" class="sn_ad_label" style="color:#000000;font-size:12px;margin:0;text-align:center;">ADVERTISEMENT</div><div id="google_ads_iframe_/22152718,16833175/sws-hb//w3schools.com//mid_content_1__container__" style="border: 0pt none; display: inline-block; width: 300px; height: 250px;"><iframe frameborder="0" src="https://56d0da6c34aaa471db22bb4266aac656.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-38/html/container.html" id="google_ads_iframe_/22152718,16833175/sws-hb//w3schools.com//mid_content_1" title="3rd party ad content" name="" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" width="300" height="250" data-is-safeframe="true" sandbox="allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation" role="region" aria-label="Advertisement" tabindex="0" data-google-container-id="8" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" data-load-complete="true"></iframe></div></div> </div> <hr> <h2>More Examples</h2> <div class="w3-example"> <h3>Example</h3> <p>Align text in a paragraph (with CSS):</p> <div class="w3-code notranslate htmlHigh"> <span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>p<span class="attributecolor" style="color:red"> style<span class="attributevaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue">="text-align:right"</span></span><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span>This is some text in a paragraph.<span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>/p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span> </div> <a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_p_align_css" class="w3-btn w3-margin-bottom">Try it Yourself »</a> </div> <div class="w3-example"> <h3>Example</h3> <p>Style paragraphs with CSS:</p> <div class="w3-code notranslate htmlHigh"> <span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>html<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>head<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>style<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><span class="cssselectorcolor" style="color:brown"><br>p <span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">{</span><span class="csspropertycolor" style="color:red"><br>&nbsp; color<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> navy<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br>&nbsp; text-indent<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> 30px<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br>&nbsp; text-transform<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> uppercase<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br></span><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">}</span><br></span><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>/style<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><br> <span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>/head<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>body<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><br><br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.<span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>/p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><br><br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>/body<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>/html<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span> </div> <a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_p_style_css" class="w3-btn w3-margin-bottom">Try it Yourself »</a> </div> <div class="w3-example"> <h3>Example</h3> <p>&nbsp;More on paragraphs:</p> <div class="w3-code notranslate htmlHigh"> <span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><br>This paragraph<br>contains a lot of lines<br>in the source code,<br> but the browser <br>ignores it.<br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>/p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span> </div> <a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_paragraphs2" class="w3-btn w3-margin-bottom">Try it Yourself »</a> </div> <div class="w3-example"> <h3>Example</h3> <p>Poem problems in HTML:</p> <div class="w3-code notranslate htmlHigh"> <span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><br>My Bonnie lies over the ocean.<br>My Bonnie lies over the sea.<br>My Bonnie lies over the ocean.<br>Oh, bring back my Bonnie to me.<br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>/p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span> </div> <a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_poem" class="w3-btn w3-margin-bottom">Try it Yourself »</a> </div> <hr> <h2>Related Pages</h2> <p>HTML tutorial: <a href="/html/html_paragraphs.asp">HTML Paragraphs</a></p> <p>HTML DOM reference: <a href="/jsref/dom_obj_paragraph.asp">Paragraph Object</a></p> <hr> <h2>Default CSS Settings</h2> <p>Most browsers will display the <code class="w3-codespan">&lt;p&gt;</code> element with the following default values:</p> <div class="w3-example"> <h3>Example</h3> <div class="w3-code notranslate cssHigh"><span class="cssselectorcolor" style="color:brown"> p <span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">{</span><span class="csspropertycolor" style="color:red"><br>&nbsp; display<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> block<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br>&nbsp; margin-top<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> 1em<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br>&nbsp; margin-bottom<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> 1em<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br>&nbsp; margin-left<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> 0<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;margin-right<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> 0<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br></span><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">}</span> </span></div> <a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_p_default_css" class="w3-btn w3-margin-bottom">Try it Yourself »</a> </div> <br> <br> <div class="w3-clear w3-center nextprev"> <a class="w3-left w3-btn" href="tag_output.asp">❮<span class="w3-hide-small"> Previous</span></a> <a class="w3-btn" href="default.asp"><span class="w3-hide-small">Complete HTML </span>Reference</a> <a class="w3-right w3-btn" href="tag_param.asp"><span class="w3-hide-small">Next </span>❯</a> </div> <div id="mypagediv2" style="position:relative;text-align:center;"></div> <br> </div> <div class="w3-col l2 m12" id="right"> <div class="sidesection"> <div id="skyscraper"> <div id="adngin-sidebar_top-0" data-google-query-id="CJXA_sueqvcCFXiOSwUd2fYBLg"><div id="sn_ad_label_adngin-sidebar_top-0" class="sn_ad_label" style="color:#000000;font-size:12px;margin:0;text-align:center;">ADVERTISEMENT</div><div id="google_ads_iframe_/22152718,16833175/sws-hb//w3schools.com//wide_skyscraper_1__container__" style="border: 0pt none;"><iframe id="google_ads_iframe_/22152718,16833175/sws-hb//w3schools.com//wide_skyscraper_1" name="google_ads_iframe_/22152718,16833175/sws-hb//w3schools.com//wide_skyscraper_1" title="3rd party ad content" width="320" height="50" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0" role="region" aria-label="Advertisement" tabindex="0" srcdoc="" data-google-container-id="9" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" data-load-complete="true"></iframe></div></div> </div> </div> <style> .ribbon-vid { font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; padding: 6px 20px; left:-20px; top:-10px; text-align: center; color:black; border-radius:25px; } </style> <div class="sidesection" id="video_sidesection"> <div class="w3-center" style="padding-bottom:7px"> <span class="ribbon-vid ws-yellow">NEW</span> </div> <p style="font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.5;font-family: Source Sans Pro;padding-left:4px;padding-right:4px;">We just launched<br>W3Schools videos</p> <a onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Videos' , 'fromSidebar');" href="https://www.w3schools.com/videos/index.php" class="w3-hover-opacity"><img src="/images/htmlvideoad_footer.png" style="max-width:100%;padding:5px 10px 25px 10px" loading="lazy"></a> <a class="ws-button" style="font-size:16px;text-decoration: none !important;display: block !important; color:#FFC0C7!important; width: 100%; border-bottom-left-radius: 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px; paxdding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 20px; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', sans-serif; text-align: center;" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Videos' , 'fromSidebar');" href="https://www.w3schools.com/videos/index.php">Explore now</a> </div> <div class="sidesection"> <h4><a href="/colors/colors_picker.asp">COLOR PICKER</a></h4> <a href="/colors/colors_picker.asp"> <img src="/images/colorpicker2000.png" alt="colorpicker" loading="lazy"> </a> </div> <div class="sidesection"> <!--<h4>LIKE US</h4>--> <div class="sharethis" style="visibility: visible;"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/w3schoolscom/" target="_blank" title="Facebook"><span class="fa fa-facebook-square fa-2x"></span></a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/w3schools.com_official/" target="_blank" title="Instagram"><span class="fa fa-instagram fa-2x"></span></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/w3schools.com/" target="_blank" title="LinkedIn"><span class="fa fa-linkedin-square fa-2x"></span></a> <a href="https://discord.gg/6Z7UaRbUQM" target="_blank" title="Join the W3schools community on Discord"><span class="fa fa-discord fa-2x"></span></a> </div> </div> <!-- <div class="sidesection" style="border-radius:5px;color:#555;padding-top:1px;padding-bottom:8px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:230px;background-color:#d4edda"> <p>Get your<br>certification today!</p> <a href="/cert/default.asp" target="_blank"> <img src="/images/w3certified_logo_250.png" style="margin:0 12px 20px 10px;max-width:80%"> </a> <a class="w3-btn w3-margin-bottom" style="text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;" href="/cert/default.asp" target="_blank">View options</a> </div> --> <style> #courses_get_started_btn { text-decoration:none !important; background-color:#04AA6D; width:100%; border-bottom-left-radius:5px; border-bottom-right-radius:5px; padding-top:10px; padding-bottom:10px; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', sans-serif; } #courses_get_started_btn:hover { background-color:#059862!important; } </style> <div id="internalCourses" class="sidesection"> <p style="font-size:18px;padding-left:2px;padding-right:2px;">Get certified<br>by completing<br>a course today!</p> <a href="https://courses.w3schools.com" target="_blank" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Courses' , 'Clicked on courses banner in ads column');"> <div style="padding:0 20px 20px 20px"> <svg id="w3_cert_badge2" style="margin:auto;width:85%" data-name="w3_cert_badge2" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 300 300"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#04aa6b;}.cls-2{font-size:23px;}.cls-2,.cls-3,.cls-4{fill:#fff;}.cls-2,.cls-3{font-family:RobotoMono-Medium, Roboto Mono;font-weight:500;}.cls-3{font-size:20.08px;}</style></defs><circle class="cls-1" cx="150" cy="150" r="146.47" transform="translate(-62.13 150) rotate(-45)"></circle><text class="cls-2" transform="translate(93.54 63.89) rotate(-29.5)">w</text><text class="cls-2" transform="translate(107.13 56.35) rotate(-20.8)">3</text><text class="cls-2" transform="matrix(0.98, -0.21, 0.21, 0.98, 121.68, 50.97)">s</text><text class="cls-2" transform="translate(136.89 47.84) rotate(-3.47)">c</text><text class="cls-2" transform="translate(152.39 47.03) rotate(5.12)">h</text><text class="cls-2" transform="translate(167.85 48.54) rotate(13.72)">o</text><text class="cls-2" transform="translate(182.89 52.35) rotate(22.34)">o</text><text class="cls-2" transform="matrix(0.86, 0.52, -0.52, 0.86, 197.18, 58.36)">l</text><text class="cls-2" transform="matrix(0.77, 0.64, -0.64, 0.77, 210.4, 66.46)">s</text><text class="cls-3" transform="translate(35.51 186.66) rotate(69.37)"> </text><text class="cls-3" transform="matrix(0.47, 0.88, -0.88, 0.47, 41.27, 201.28)">C</text><text class="cls-3" transform="matrix(0.58, 0.81, -0.81, 0.58, 48.91, 215.03)">E</text><text class="cls-3" transform="matrix(0.67, 0.74, -0.74, 0.67, 58.13, 227.36)">R</text><text class="cls-3" transform="translate(69.16 238.92) rotate(39.44)">T</text><text class="cls-3" transform="matrix(0.85, 0.53, -0.53, 0.85, 81.47, 248.73)">I</text><text class="cls-3" transform="translate(94.94 256.83) rotate(24.36)">F</text><text class="cls-3" transform="translate(109.34 263.09) rotate(16.83)">I</text><text class="cls-3" transform="translate(124.46 267.41) rotate(9.34)">E</text><text class="cls-3" transform="translate(139.99 269.73) rotate(1.88)">D</text><text class="cls-3" transform="translate(155.7 270.01) rotate(-5.58)"> </text><text class="cls-3" transform="translate(171.32 268.24) rotate(-13.06)"> </text><text class="cls-2" transform="translate(187.55 266.81) rotate(-21.04)">.</text><text class="cls-3" transform="translate(203.27 257.7) rotate(-29.24)"> </text><text class="cls-3" transform="translate(216.84 249.83) rotate(-36.75)"> </text><text class="cls-3" transform="translate(229.26 240.26) rotate(-44.15)">2</text><text class="cls-3" transform="translate(240.39 229.13) rotate(-51.62)">0</text><text class="cls-3" transform="translate(249.97 216.63) rotate(-59.17)">2</text><text class="cls-3" transform="matrix(0.4, -0.92, 0.92, 0.4, 257.81, 203.04)">2</text><path class="cls-4" d="M196.64,136.31s3.53,3.8,8.5,3.8c3.9,0,6.75-2.37,6.75-5.59,0-4-3.64-5.81-8-5.81h-2.59l-1.53-3.48,6.86-8.13a34.07,34.07,0,0,1,2.7-2.85s-1.11,0-3.33,0H194.79v-5.86H217.7v4.28l-9.19,10.61c5.18.74,10.24,4.43,10.24,10.92s-4.85,12.3-13.19,12.3a17.36,17.36,0,0,1-12.41-5Z"></path><path class="cls-4" d="M152,144.24l30.24,53.86,14.94-26.61L168.6,120.63H135.36l-13.78,24.53-13.77-24.53H77.93l43.5,77.46.15-.28.16.28Z"></path></svg> </div> </a> <a class="w3-btn" id="courses_get_started_btn" href="https://courses.w3schools.com" target="_blank" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Courses' , 'Clicked on courses banner in ads column');">Get started</a> </div> <!-- <div class="sidesection" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:230px"> <a href="https://shop.w3schools.com/" target="_blank" title="Buy W3Schools Merchandize"> <img src="/images/tshirt.jpg" style="max-width:100%;"> </a> </div> --> <div class="sidesection" id="moreAboutSubject"> </div> <!-- <div id="sidesection_exercise" class="sidesection" style="background-color:#555555;max-width:200px;margin:auto;margin-bottom:32px"> <div class="w3-container w3-text-white"> <h4>Exercises</h4> </div> <div> <div class="w3-light-grey"> <a target="_blank" href="/html/exercise.asp" style="padding-top:8px">HTML</a> <a target="_blank" href="/css/exercise.asp">CSS</a> <a target="_blank" href="/js/exercise_js.asp">JavaScript</a> <a target="_blank" href="/sql/exercise.asp">SQL</a> <a target="_blank" href="/php/exercise.asp">PHP</a> <a target="_blank" href="/python/exercise.asp">Python</a> <a target="_blank" href="/bootstrap/exercise_bs3.asp">Bootstrap</a> <a target="_blank" href="/jquery/exercise_jq.asp" style="padding-bottom:8px">jQuery</a> </div> </div> </div> --> <div class="sidesection codegameright ws-turquoise" style="font-size:18px;font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', sans-serif;border-radius:5px;color:#FFC0C7;padding-top:12px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:230px;"> <style> .codegameright .w3-btn:link,.codegameright .w3-btn:visited { background-color:#04AA6D; border-radius:5px; } .codegameright .w3-btn:hover,.codegameright .w3-btn:active { background-color:#059862!important; text-decoration:none!important; } </style> <h4><a href="/codegame/index.html" class="w3-hover-text-black">CODE GAME</a></h4> <a href="/codegame/index.html" target="_blank" class="w3-hover-opacity"><img style="max-width:100%;margin:16px 0;" src="/images/w3lynx_200.png" alt="Code Game" loading="lazy"></a> <a class="w3-btn w3-block ws-black" href="/codegame/index.html" target="_blank" style="padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-top:12px;border-top-left-radius: 0;border-top-right-radius: 0">Play Game</a> </div> <!-- <div class="sidesection w3-light-grey" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:230px"> <div class="w3-container w3-dark-grey"> <h4><a href="/howto/default.asp" class="w3-hover-text-white">HOW TO</a></h4> </div> <div class="w3-container w3-left-align w3-padding-16"> <a href="/howto/howto_js_tabs.asp">Tabs</a><br> <a href="/howto/howto_css_dropdown.asp">Dropdowns</a><br> <a href="/howto/howto_js_accordion.asp">Accordions</a><br> <a href="/howto/howto_js_sidenav.asp">Side Navigation</a><br> <a href="/howto/howto_js_topnav.asp">Top Navigation</a><br> <a href="/howto/howto_css_modals.asp">Modal Boxes</a><br> <a href="/howto/howto_js_progressbar.asp">Progress Bars</a><br> <a href="/howto/howto_css_parallax.asp">Parallax</a><br> <a href="/howto/howto_css_login_form.asp">Login Form</a><br> <a href="/howto/howto_html_include.asp">HTML Includes</a><br> <a href="/howto/howto_google_maps.asp">Google Maps</a><br> <a href="/howto/howto_js_rangeslider.asp">Range Sliders</a><br> <a href="/howto/howto_css_tooltip.asp">Tooltips</a><br> <a href="/howto/howto_js_slideshow.asp">Slideshow</a><br> <a href="/howto/howto_js_sort_list.asp">Sort List</a><br> </div> </div> --> <!-- <div class="sidesection w3-round" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:230px"> <div class="w3-container ws-black" style="border-top-right-radius:5px;border-top-left-radius:5px;"> <h5><a href="/cert/default.asp" class="w3-hover-text-white">Certificates</a></h5> </div> <div class="w3-border" style="border-bottom-right-radius:5px;border-bottom-left-radius:5px;"> <a href="/cert/cert_html.asp" class="w3-button ws-grey w3-block w3-border-bottom" style="text-decoration:none">HTML</a> <a href="/cert/cert_css.asp" class="w3-button ws-grey w3-block w3-border-bottom" style="text-decoration:none">CSS</a> <a href="/cert/cert_javascript.asp" class="w3-button ws-grey w3-block w3-border-bottom" style="text-decoration:none">JavaScript</a> <a href="/cert/cert_frontend.asp" class="w3-button ws-grey w3-block w3-border-bottom" style="text-decoration:none">Front End</a> <a href="/cert/cert_python.asp" class="w3-button ws-grey w3-block w3-border-bottom" style="text-decoration:none">Python</a> <a href="/cert/cert_sql.asp" class="w3-button ws-grey w3-block w3-border-bottom" style="text-decoration:none">SQL</a> <a href="/cert/default.asp" class="w3-button ws-grey w3-block" style="text-decoration:none;">And more</a> </div> </div> --> <div id="stickypos" class="sidesection" style="text-align:center;position:sticky;top:50px;"> <div id="stickyadcontainer" style="width: 653.984px;"> <div style="position:relative;margin:auto;"> <div id="adngin-sidebar_sticky-0-stickypointer" style=""><div id="adngin-sidebar_sticky-0" style=""><div id="sn_ad_label_adngin-sidebar_sticky-0" class="sn_ad_label" style="color:#000000;font-size:12px;margin:0;text-align:center;">ADVERTISEMENT</div></div></div> <script> function secondSnigel() { if(window.adngin && window.adngin.adnginLoaderReady) { if (Number(w3_getStyleValue(document.getElementById("main"), "height").replace("px", "")) > 2200) { if (document.getElementById("adngin-mid_content-0")) { adngin.queue.push(function(){ adngin.cmd.startAuction(["sidebar_sticky", "mid_content" ]); }); } else { adngin.queue.push(function(){ adngin.cmd.startAuction(["sidebar_sticky"]); }); } } else { if (document.getElementById("adngin-mid_content-0")) { adngin.queue.push(function(){ adngin.cmd.startAuction(["mid_content"]); }); } } } else { window.addEventListener('adnginLoaderReady', function() { if (Number(w3_getStyleValue(document.getElementById("main"), "height").replace("px", "")) > 2200) { if (document.getElementById("adngin-mid_content-0")) { adngin.queue.push(function(){ adngin.cmd.startAuction(["sidebar_sticky", "mid_content" ]); }); } else { adngin.queue.push(function(){ adngin.cmd.startAuction(["sidebar_sticky"]); }); } } else { if (document.getElementById("adngin-mid_content-0")) { adngin.queue.push(function(){ adngin.cmd.startAuction(["mid_content"]); }); } } }); } } </script> </div> </div> </div> <script> uic_r_c() </script> </div> </div> <div id="footer" class="footer w3-container w3-white"> <hr> <div style="overflow:auto"> <div class="bottomad"> <!-- BottomMediumRectangle --> <!--<pre>bottom_medium_rectangle, all: [970,250][300,250][336,280]</pre>--> <div id="adngin-bottom_left-0" style="padding:0 10px 10px 0;float:left;width:auto;" data-google-query-id="CJbA_sueqvcCFXiOSwUd2fYBLg"><div id="sn_ad_label_adngin-bottom_left-0" class="sn_ad_label" style="color:#000000;font-size:12px;margin:0;text-align:center;">ADVERTISEMENT</div><div id="google_ads_iframe_/22152718,16833175/sws-hb//w3schools.com//bottom_medium_rectangle_1__container__" style="border: 0pt none;"><iframe id="google_ads_iframe_/22152718,16833175/sws-hb//w3schools.com//bottom_medium_rectangle_1" name="google_ads_iframe_/22152718,16833175/sws-hb//w3schools.com//bottom_medium_rectangle_1" title="3rd party ad content" width="300" height="250" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0" role="region" aria-label="Advertisement" tabindex="0" srcdoc="" data-google-container-id="a" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" data-load-complete="true"></iframe></div></div> <!-- adspace bmr --> <!-- RightBottomMediumRectangle --> <!--<pre>right_bottom_medium_rectangle, desktop: [300,250][336,280]</pre>--> <div id="adngin-bottom_right-0" style="padding:0 10px 10px 0;float:left;width:auto;"><div id="sn_ad_label_adngin-bottom_right-0" class="sn_ad_label" style="color:#000000;font-size:12px;margin:0;text-align:center;">ADVERTISEMENT</div></div> </div> </div> <hr> <div class="w3-row-padding w3-center w3-small" style="margin:0 -16px;"> <div class="w3-col l3 m3 s12"> <a class="w3-button ws-grey ws-hover-black w3-block w3-round" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="displayError();return false" style="white-space:nowrap;text-decoration:none;margin-top:1px;margin-bottom:1px;font-size:15px;">Report Error</a> </div> <!-- <div class="w3-col l3 m3 s12"> <a class="w3-button w3-light-grey w3-block" href="javascript:void(0);" target="_blank" onclick="printPage();return false;" style="text-decoration:none;margin-top:1px;margin-bottom:1px">PRINT PAGE</a> </div> --> <div class="w3-col l3 m3 s12"> <a class="w3-button ws-grey ws-hover-black w3-block w3-round" href="/forum/default.asp" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;margin-top:1px;margin-bottom:1px;font-size:15px">Forum</a> </div> <div class="w3-col l3 m3 s12"> <a class="w3-button ws-grey ws-hover-black w3-block w3-round" href="/about/default.asp" target="_top" style="text-decoration:none;margin-top:1px;margin-bottom:1px;font-size:15px">About</a> </div> <div class="w3-col l3 m3 s12"> <a class="w3-button ws-grey ws-hover-black w3-block w3-round" href="https://shop.w3schools.com/" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;margin-top:1px;margin-bottom:1px;font-size:15px">Shop</a> </div> </div> <hr> <div class="ws-grey w3-padding w3-margin-bottom" id="err_form" style="display:none;position:relative"> <span onclick="this.parentElement.style.display='none'" class="w3-button w3-display-topright w3-large">×</span> <h2>Report Error</h2> <p>If you want to report an error, or if you want to make a suggestion, do not hesitate to send us an e-mail:</p> <p>help@w3schools.com</p> <br> <!-- <h2>Your Suggestion:</h2> <form> <div class="w3-section"> <label for="err_email">Your E-mail:</label> <input class="w3-input w3-border" type="text" style="margin-top:5px;width:100%" id="err_email" name="err_email"> </div> <div class="w3-section"> <label for="err_email">Page address:</label> <input class="w3-input w3-border" type="text" style="width:100%;margin-top:5px" id="err_url" name="err_url" disabled="disabled"> </div> <div class="w3-section"> <label for="err_email">Description:</label> <textarea rows="10" class="w3-input w3-border" id="err_desc" name="err_desc" style="width:100%;margin-top:5px;resize:vertical;"></textarea> </div> <div class="form-group"> <button type="button" class="w3-button w3-dark-grey" onclick="sendErr()">Submit</button> </div> <br> </form> --> </div> <div class="w3-container ws-grey w3-padding" id="err_sent" style="display:none;position:relative"> <span onclick="this.parentElement.style.display='none'" class="w3-button w3-display-topright">×</span> <h2>Thank You For Helping Us!</h2> <p>Your message has been sent to W3Schools.</p> </div> <div class="w3-row w3-center w3-small"> <div class="w3-col l3 m6 s12"> <div class="top10"> <h5 style="font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', sans-serif;">Top Tutorials</h5> <a href="/html/default.asp">HTML Tutorial</a><br> <a href="/css/default.asp">CSS Tutorial</a><br> <a href="/js/default.asp">JavaScript Tutorial</a><br> <a href="/howto/default.asp">How To Tutorial</a><br> <a href="/sql/default.asp">SQL Tutorial</a><br> <a href="/python/default.asp">Python Tutorial</a><br> <a href="/w3css/default.asp">W3.CSS Tutorial</a><br> <a href="/bootstrap/bootstrap_ver.asp">Bootstrap Tutorial</a><br> <a href="/php/default.asp">PHP Tutorial</a><br> <a href="/java/default.asp">Java Tutorial</a><br> <a href="/cpp/default.asp">C++ Tutorial</a><br> <a href="/jquery/default.asp">jQuery Tutorial</a><br> </div> </div> <div class="w3-col l3 m6 s12"> <div class="top10"> <h5 style="font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', sans-serif;">Top References</h5> <a href="/tags/default.asp">HTML Reference</a><br> <a href="/cssref/default.asp">CSS Reference</a><br> <a href="/jsref/default.asp">JavaScript Reference</a><br> <a href="/sql/sql_ref_keywords.asp">SQL Reference</a><br> <a href="/python/python_reference.asp">Python Reference</a><br> <a href="/w3css/w3css_references.asp">W3.CSS Reference</a><br> <a href="/bootstrap/bootstrap_ref_all_classes.asp">Bootstrap Reference</a><br> <a href="/php/php_ref_overview.asp">PHP Reference</a><br> <a href="/colors/colors_names.asp">HTML Colors</a><br> <a href="/java/java_ref_keywords.asp">Java Reference</a><br> <a href="/angular/angular_ref_directives.asp">Angular Reference</a><br> <a href="/jquery/jquery_ref_overview.asp">jQuery Reference</a><br> </div> </div> <div class="w3-col l3 m6 s12"> <div class="top10"> <h5 style="font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', sans-serif;">Top Examples</h5> <a href="/html/html_examples.asp">HTML Examples</a><br> <a href="/css/css_examples.asp">CSS Examples</a><br> <a href="/js/js_examples.asp">JavaScript Examples</a><br> <a href="/howto/default.asp">How To Examples</a><br> <a href="/sql/sql_examples.asp">SQL Examples</a><br> <a href="/python/python_examples.asp">Python Examples</a><br> <a href="/w3css/w3css_examples.asp">W3.CSS Examples</a><br> <a href="/bootstrap/bootstrap_examples.asp">Bootstrap Examples</a><br> <a href="/php/php_examples.asp">PHP Examples</a><br> <a href="/java/java_examples.asp">Java Examples</a><br> <a href="/xml/xml_examples.asp">XML Examples</a><br> <a href="/jquery/jquery_examples.asp">jQuery Examples</a><br> </div> </div> <div class="w3-col l3 m6 s12"> <div class="top10"> <!-- <h4>Web Certificates</h4> <a href="/cert/default.asp">HTML Certificate</a><br> <a href="/cert/default.asp">CSS Certificate</a><br> <a href="/cert/default.asp">JavaScript Certificate</a><br> <a href="/cert/default.asp">SQL Certificate</a><br> <a href="/cert/default.asp">Python Certificate</a><br> <a href="/cert/default.asp">PHP Certificate</a><br> <a href="/cert/default.asp">Bootstrap Certificate</a><br> <a href="/cert/default.asp">XML Certificate</a><br> <a href="/cert/default.asp">jQuery Certificate</a><br> <a href="//www.w3schools.com/cert/default.asp" class="w3-button w3-margin-top w3-dark-grey" style="text-decoration:none"> Get Certified &raquo;</a> --> <h5 style="font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', sans-serif;">Web Courses</h5> <a href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/html" target="_blank" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Courses' , 'Clicked on html course link in footer');">HTML Course</a><br> <a href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/css" target="_blank" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Courses' , 'Clicked on css course link in footer');">CSS Course</a><br> <a href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/javascript" target="_blank" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Courses' , 'Clicked on javascript course link in footer');">JavaScript Course</a><br> <a href="https://courses.w3schools.com/programs/front-end" target="_blank" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Courses' , 'Clicked on Front End course link in footer');">Front End Course</a><br> <a href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/sql" target="_blank" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Courses' , 'Clicked on sql course link in footer');">SQL Course</a><br> <a href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/python" target="_blank" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Courses' , 'Clicked on python course link in footer');">Python Course</a><br> <a href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/php" target="_blank" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Courses' , 'Clicked on php course link in footer');">PHP Course</a><br> <a href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/jquery" target="_blank" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Courses' , 'Clicked on jquery course link in footer');">jQuery Course</a><br> <a href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/java" target="_blank" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Courses' , 'Clicked on Java course link in footer');">Java Course</a><br> <a href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/cplusplus" target="_blank" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Courses' , 'Clicked on C++ course link in footer');">C++ Course</a><br> <a href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/c-sharp" target="_blank" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Courses' , 'Clicked on bootstrap C# link in footer');">C# Course</a><br> <a href="https://courses.w3schools.com/courses/xml" target="_blank" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Courses' , 'Clicked on xml course link in footer');">XML Course</a><br> <a href="https://courses.w3schools.com/" target="_blank" class="w3-button w3-margin-top ws-black ws-hover-black w3-round" style="text-decoration:none" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Courses' , 'Clicked on get certified button in footer');"> Get Certified »</a> </div> </div> </div> <hr> <div class="w3-center w3-small w3-opacity"> W3Schools is optimized for learning and training. Examples might be simplified to improve reading and learning. Tutorials, references, and examples are constantly reviewed to avoid errors, but we cannot warrant full correctness of all content. While using W3Schools, you agree to have read and accepted our <a href="/about/about_copyright.asp">terms of use</a>, <a href="/about/about_privacy.asp">cookie and privacy policy</a>.<br><br> <a href="/about/about_copyright.asp">Copyright 1999-2022</a> by Refsnes Data. All Rights Reserved.<br> <a href="//www.w3schools.com/w3css/default.asp">W3Schools is Powered by W3.CSS</a>.<br><br> </div> <div class="w3-center w3-small"> <a href="//www.w3schools.com"> <i class="fa fa-logo ws-text-green ws-hover-text-green" style="position:relative;font-size:42px!important;"></i> </a></div><a href="//www.w3schools.com"> <br><br> </a></div><a href="//www.w3schools.com"> </a></div><iframe name="__tcfapiLocator" style="display: none;"></iframe><iframe name="__uspapiLocator" style="display: none;"></iframe><a href="//www.w3schools.com"> <script src="/lib/w3schools_footer.js?update=20220202"></script> <script> MyLearning.loadUser('footer'); function docReady(fn) { document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", fn); if (document.readyState === "interactive" || document.readyState === "complete" ) { fn(); } } uic_r_z(); uic_r_d() </script><iframe src="https://56d0da6c34aaa471db22bb4266aac656.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-38/html/container.html" style="visibility: hidden; display: none;"></iframe> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/libs/html5shiv/3.7.0/html5shiv.js"></script> <script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/libs/respond.js/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script> <![endif]--> </a><script type="text/javascript" src="https://geo.moatads.com/n.js?e=35&amp;ol=3318087536&amp;qn=%604%7BZEYwoqI%24%5BK%2BdLLU)%2CMm~tM!90vv9L%24%2FoDb%2Fz(lKm3GFlNUU%2Cu%5Bh_GcS%25%5BHvLU%5B4(K%2B%7BgeFWl_%3DNqUXR%3A%3D%2BAxMn%3Ch%2CyenA8p%2FHm%24%60%233P(ry5*ZRocMp1tq%5BN%7Bq%60RP%3CG.ceFW%7CoG%22mxT%3Bwv%40V374BKm55%3D%261fp%5BoU5t(KX%3C%3Ce%24%26%3B%23wPjrBEe31k5X%5BG%5E%5B)%2C2iVSWf3Stnq%263t!9jr%7BRzI%2C%7BOCb%25%24(%3DNqU%60W5u%7Bo(zs1CoK%2Bdr%5BG)%2C3ii)RGL3emgSuRVE&amp;tf=1_nMzjG---CSa7H-1SJH-bW7qhB-LRwqH-nMzjG-&amp;vi=111111&amp;rb=2-90xv0J4P%2FoMsPm8%2BZbNmT2EB%2BBOA3JNdQL68hLPh4bg2%2F%2FnQIIWF3Q%3D%3D&amp;rs=1-iHtHGE9B1zA1OQ%3D%3D&amp;sc=1&amp;os=1-3g%3D%3D&amp;qp=10000&amp;is=BBBBB2BBEYBvGl2BBCkqtUTE1RmsqbKW8BsrBu0rCFE48CRBeeBS2hWTMBBQeQBBn2soYggyUig0CBlWZ0uBBCCCCCCOgRBBiOfnE6Bkg7Oxib8MxOtJYHCBdm5kBhIcC9Y8oBXckXBR76iUUsJBCBBBBBBBBBWBBBj3BBBZeGV2BBBCMciUBBBjgEBBBBBB94UMgTdJMtEcpMBBBQBBBniOccBBBBBB47kNwxBbBBBBBBBBBhcjG6BBJM2L4Bk8BwCBQmIoRBBCzBz1BBCTClBBrbGBC4ehueB57NG9aJeRzBqEKBBBBBBB&amp;iv=8&amp;qt=0&amp;gz=0&amp;hh=0&amp;hn=0&amp;tw=&amp;qc=0&amp;qd=0&amp;qf=1240&amp;qe=883&amp;qh=1280&amp;qg=984&amp;qm=-330&amp;qa=1280&amp;qb=1024&amp;qi=1280&amp;qj=984&amp;to=000&amp;po=1-0020002000002120&amp;vy=ot%24b%5Bh%40%22oDgO%3DLlE6%3Avy%2CUitwb4%5Du!%3CFo%40Y_3r%3F%5DAY~MhXyz%26_%5B*Rp%7C%3EoDKmsiFDRz%5EmlNM%22%254ZpaR%5BA7Do%2C%3Bg%2C%2C%40W7RbzTmejO%3Def%2C%7Bvp%7C9%7C_%3Bm_Qrw5.W%2F84VKp%40i6AKx!ehV%7Du!%3CFo%40pF&amp;ql=%3B%5BpwxnRd%7Dt%3Aa%5DmJVOG)%2C~%405%2F%5BGI%3F6C(TgPB*e%5D1(rI%24(rj2Iy!pw%40aOS%3DyNX8Y%7BQgPB*e%5D1(rI%24(rj%5EB61%2F%3DSqcMr1%7B%2CJA%24Jz_%255tTL%3Fwbs_T%234%25%60X%3CA&amp;qo=0&amp;qr=0&amp;i=TRIPLELIFT1&amp;hp=1&amp;wf=1&amp;ra=1&amp;pxm=8&amp;sgs=3&amp;vb=6&amp;kq=1&amp;hq=0&amp;hs=0&amp;hu=0&amp;hr=0&amp;ht=1&amp;dnt=0&amp;bq=0&amp;f=0&amp;j=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp;t=1650718754860&amp;de=466991431602&amp;m=0&amp;ar=bee2df476bf-clean&amp;iw=2a1d5c5&amp;q=2&amp;cb=0&amp;ym=0&amp;cu=1650718754860&amp;ll=3&amp;lm=0&amp;ln=1&amp;r=0&amp;em=0&amp;en=0&amp;d=6737%3A94724%3Aundefined%3A10&amp;zMoatTactic=undefined&amp;zMoatPixelParams=aid%3A29695277962791520917040%3Bsr%3A10%3Buid%3A0%3B&amp;zMoatOrigSlicer1=2662&amp;zMoatOrigSlicer2=39&amp;zMoatJS=-&amp;zGSRC=1&amp;gu=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3schools.com%2Ftags%2Ftag_p.asp&amp;id=1&amp;ii=4&amp;bo=2662&amp;bd=w3schools.com&amp;gw=triplelift879988051105&amp;fd=1&amp;ac=1&amp;it=500&amp;ti=0&amp;ih=1&amp;pe=1%3A512%3A512%3A1026%3A846&amp;jm=-1&amp;fs=198121&amp;na=2100642455&amp;cs=0&amp;ord=1650718754860&amp;jv=1483802810&amp;callback=DOMlessLLDcallback_5147906"></script><iframe src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api2/aframe" width="0" height="0" style="display: none;"></iframe></body><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin" id="936be7941bd9c5c" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" width="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="0" style="height:0px;width:0px;display:none;" scrolling="no" src="https://jp-u.openx.net/w/1.0/pd?plm=6&amp;ph=8a7ca719-8c2c-4c16-98ad-37ac6dbf26e9&amp;gdpr=0&amp;us_privacy=1---"> </iframe><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin" id="94da8182082e79b" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" width="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="0" style="height:0px;width:0px;display:none;" scrolling="no" src="https://eus.rubiconproject.com/usync.html?us_privacy=1---"> </iframe><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin" id="950ad185776f97c" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" width="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="0" style="height:0px;width:0px;display:none;" scrolling="no" src="https://cdn.connectad.io/connectmyusers.php?us_privacy=1---&amp;"> </iframe><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin" id="960961bdb263a5c" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" width="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="0" style="height:0px;width:0px;display:none;" scrolling="no" src="https://ads.pubmatic.com/AdServer/js/user_sync.html?kdntuid=1&amp;p=157369&amp;gdpr=0&amp;gdpr_consent=&amp;us_privacy=1---"> </iframe><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin" id="973d77507d8ed2c" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" width="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="0" style="height:0px;width:0px;display:none;" scrolling="no" src="https://s.amazon-adsystem.com/iu3?cm3ppd=1&amp;d=dtb-pub&amp;csif=t&amp;dl=n-index_pm-db5_ym_rbd_n-vmg_ox-db5_smrt_an-db5_3lift"> </iframe><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin" id="986df094b3ccc6f" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" width="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="0" style="height:0px;width:0px;display:none;" scrolling="no" src="https://biddr.brealtime.com/check.html"> </iframe><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin" id="9984b091a86efa7" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" width="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="0" style="height:0px;width:0px;display:none;" scrolling="no" src="https://js-sec.indexww.com/um/ixmatch.html"> </iframe><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin" id="1004b17db44af55b" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" width="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="0" style="height:0px;width:0px;display:none;" scrolling="no" src="https://csync.smilewanted.com?us_privacy=1---"> </iframe><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin" id="101af22cac10bcfd" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" width="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="0" style="height:0px;width:0px;display:none;" scrolling="no" src="https://onetag-sys.com/usync/?cb=1650718752982&amp;us_privacy=1---"> </iframe><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin" id="10290b51ae900f2b" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" width="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="0" style="height:0px;width:0px;display:none;" scrolling="no" src="https://eb2.3lift.com/sync?us_privacy=1---&amp;"> </iframe><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin" id="103d27603dbc3983" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" width="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="0" style="height:0px;width:0px;display:none;" scrolling="no" src="https://acdn.adnxs.com/dmp/async_usersync.html"> </iframe></html>

Responsive no-jQuery pure JS/CSS Lightbox for iframes, no dependencies, customizable aspect ratio, 5kb unminified source code, with demo

This "non Qlik" but NodeJS (Meteor) based platform has been designed to demonstrate the power of the Qlik Sense API's (QRS, QPS, Engine API, DIV and IFrame) for companies that are looking to integrate Qlik Sense in their multi-tenant SaaS platform. Please look at the video's below for an introduction. In the demo you will see a screen divided into two parts. The left side shows "the broker" in your SaaS platform; a piece of software that you already use today to mass maintain the SaaS applications for all of your customers. This broker executes its activities based on the list of your customers, their access rights and the relevant template apps (depending on what the customer has configured in your platform). The right side shows you the result of the activities of the broker; the apps and streams automatically created in Qlik Sense. This is also the side where you have to select your first template app. This demo tries to show you the activities from Sense that you can automate in your platform. Sense internally also works with the same REST API's you can use, so you can record the REST call from each manual activity in the QMC and use this code to create/delete/reload/publish streams and apps in your software. <Created by Martijn Biesbroek and Raymond Neves, Demo website currently under review>

iframe实现微前端demo

This sample app demonstrates how you can migrate an AngularJS application to Angular using iframes, http://codecraft.tv

This is an underdevelopment demo for a Realestate sample portal using PHP-Codeigniter MVC framework. The demo provides a cool experience of a Full-Ajax form load and instant ajax form validation without using any iframes nor page reloads.

CLS iframe demo. https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/614/45742

A webapp iframe demo and playground for framework7

Resize an iframe from another domain in multiple ways

Demo playground for BlazorFrame iframes

Project demonstration for embedding UE Stream into iFrame and sending messages between UE and HTML using Eagle 3D Streaming's Messaging System.

DEMO: shows how to use JavaScript to make an iframe "responsive". This is demo code for my chapter of Smashing Book 5

Just some small demos, shown in html iframe tag

demos to show how to post events to lark web clients using iframe

Kado IFrame Embed Demo

No description available

Source code for the tutorial 'Show your demos like a champ: Iframe + jQuery + CSS3'

= B. Body =====================================*/ body{background:#fff;position:relative;font:normal normal 13px Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;line-height:27px;color:#828282;margin:0;padding:0} #outer-wrapper{max-width:1200px;margin:0 auto;background-color:#ffffff} #content-wrapper{overflow:hidden} #main-wrapper{width:68%} #sidebar-wrapper{width:30%;position:relative} .row{margin-right:2%;margin-left:2%;max-width:1200px} /*===================================== = C. Header Section =====================================*/ #header-blog{height:90px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;padding:20px 0} .header-content{margin:0 auto;overflow:hidden;height:100px} .header-logo{float:left;width:222px;max-height:60px;margin:15px 0 0} .header-logo img{max-width:100%;height:auto;margin:0} .Header h1{font-family: 'Lobster', cursive;color:#1c1c1c;margin:0;display: none;font-size:30px;line-height:1.3em} .header-ads{float:right;width:728px;height:90px} #header-wrapper{background:#fff;} #header-content{display:table;padding:1px 0;color:#555} .header,.topad{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;width:100%} .header .widget{max-width:250px} .topad{max-width:728px;height:90px} .topad h2{display:none} .topad .widget{line-height:0} .header a{color:#555} #header-tail{height:50px;margin:0 auto;position:relative;z-index:500;background:#222;transition:all 0 ease;-webkit-transition:all 0 ease;-moz-transition:all 0 ease;-o-transition:all 0 ease}.selectnav{font:normal normal 13px Arial,Tahoma,Helvetica,FreeSans,sans-serif;border:0}.sub-menu{display:none}#menu li,#menu ul{transition:all 0s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0 ease;-moz-transition:all 0s ease;-o-transition:all 0 ease}.menu ul li{padding:10px 0;display:inline}.menu ul li a{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:14px;color:#fff;font-family:Roboto;padding:6px 20px;display:block;height:30px;margin:0;position:relative}.menu ul li a span{font-size:11px;display:block;margin-top:5px;color:#ddd}.menu ul li:hover{background:overlay}.menu ul li ul li{padding:0;margin:0;display:block;border:0;float:none;background-color:#222}.menu ul li ul li:hover{border-left:3px solid #00bcd4;background:#000)}.menu ul li ul a:hover{box-shadow:none;transition:.2s;background:#000}.menu ul li ul a:before{font-family:fontawesome;vertical-align:middle;font-size:9px}.hasSub ul a:after{content:'';display:none}.menu ul li ul{position:absolute;z-index:999;top:50px;display:none;width:190px}.menu ul li ul a{margin-top:0;color:#fff!important;height:auto;line-height:16px;padding:0 20px;border:0;line-height:36px;height:36px;font-size:12px;text-transform:none;font-weight:400} .menu ul li ul{opacity:0;visibility:hidden;display:block!important}li.hasSub:hover>ul{animation:fadeInDown .2s ease-in;display:block;visibility:visible;opacity:1}@-webkit-keyframes fadeInDown{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translateY(-20px);transform:translateY(-20px)}100%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:rotate(-90deg);-webkit-transform:rotate(-90deg);transform:translateY(0)}}.ticker{display:none}.hasSub:hover a:after{content:'';color:#00bcd4}#menu ul li:hover>a{color:#00bcd4}.menu-s{background:#222;transition:all 0s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0s ease;-moz-transition:all 0s ease;-o-transition:all 0s ease} .home-icon .fa{font-size:30px;line-height:30px} .home-icon { background:overlay; font-size: 30px; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; font-family: Roboto Condensed; position: absolute; line-height: 50px; width: 100px; height: 50px; text-align: center; z-index: 9; color: #ffffff; } .home-icon:hover{color:#222;background:#fff} /*===================================== = E. Magazine Section =====================================*/ .img-Animate .recent-layout .recent-thumb,.img-Animate .recent-layout .first-thumb,.img-Animate .post-widget .rcp-thumb,.img-Animate .PopularPosts img,.img-Animate .home .post-thumb a{opacity:0;transition:all .5s ease;-webkit-transition:all .2s ease;-moz-transition:all .2s ease;-o-transition:all .2s ease;-webkit-transform:scale(.8);-moz-transform:scale(.8);transform:scale(.8)}.img-Animate .show-with,.img-Animate .recent-layout .recent-thumb.show-with,.img-Animate .recent-layout .first-thumb.show-with,.img-Animate .post-widget .rcp-thumb.show-with,.img-Animate .PopularPosts img.show-with,.img-Animate .post-thumb a.show-with{opacity:1;transition:all .5s ease;-webkit-transition:all .2s ease;-moz-transition:all .2s ease;-o-transition:all .2s ease;-webkit-transform:scale(1);-moz-transform:scale(1);transform:scale(1)}.ticker .title{font:normal normal 15px Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;height:40px;overflow:hidden;line-height:40px;padding:0 10px;background-color:#333333;color:#ffffff}.ticker .layout-content{overflow:hidden}.ticker .layout-content li{display:inline-block;height:30px;line-height:30px;padding:0}.ticker{background:#FFF;border:1px solid #CCC;-webkit-border-radius:20px;-moz-border-radius:20px;border-radius:20px;-webkit-transition:all .1s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:all .1s ease-in-out;-o-transition-duration:all .1s ease-in-out;transition:all .1s ease-in-out;-webkit-border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;border-radius:5px;height:30px;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:5px}.ticker:hover{box-shadow:0 0 10px rgba(46,159,255,0.5);background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #00bcd4}.ticker .post-tag{display:inline-block;background-color:#00bcd4;color:#ffffff;padding:2px 5px;line-height:1}.ticker .recent-title{display:inline-block}.ticker .recent-title a{color:#00bcd4}.ticker .recent-title a:hover{color:#00bcd4}.tickercontainer,.tickercontainer .mask,ul.newsticker{-webkit-transition:all 0 linear;-moz-transition:all 0 linear;-o-transition:all 0 linear;transition:all 0 linear;list-style:none;margin:0}.tickercontainer{margin:0;padding:0;overflow:hidden}.tickercontainer .mask{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.newsticker{position:relative;list-style-type:none;margin:0;padding:0}.tickeroverlay-left{display:none}.tickeroverlay-right{display:none}. .sidebar .post-widget li{overflow:hidden;border-bottom:1px solid #eee;padding:10px 0} .footer-column .post-widget li{overflow:hidden;border-bottom:1px solid #333;padding:10px 0} .post-widget li:first-child{padding-top:0} .post-widget li:last-child{border-bottom:none} .post-widget .rcp-thumb{display:block;width:60px;height:60px;border-radius:2px} .post-widget .rcp-title{font:normal normal 16px Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;margin:5px 0 8px} .post-widget .rcp-title a{color:#414141;font-weight:700;font-size:14px} .post-widget .rcp-title a:hover{color:#00bcd4;text-decoration:underline} .footer-column .post-widget .rcp-title a{color:#DDD} .footer-column .post-widget .rcp-title a:hover{color:#888} .footer-column .recent-date,.footer-column .recent-author,.footer-column .recent-date:before,.footer-column .recent-author:before{color:#999} .intro .widget-content,.recent-layout .widget-content,.recent-layout h2.title,.ticker .widget-content{display:none} .recent-layout .box-title h2.title{font:normal normal 16px Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;display:inline-block} .box-title{background-color:#fafafa;border-bottom:3px solid #00bcd4;margin-bottom:8px} .box-title h2{font:normal normal 15px Arial,Tahoma,Helvetica,FreeSans,sans-serif;background-color:#00bcd4;display:inline-block} .box-title h2 a{padding-top:0;color:#fff;font-weight:bold;font-size:14px;text-transform:uppercase;display:block} .box-title h2 a:before{content:'\f09e';font-family:fontawesome;font-size:16px;vertical-align:middle;font-weight:400} .more-link{height:20px;line-height:20px;padding:0 5px;background-color:#FFF;margin-top:7px;font-size:11px;color:#aaa} .more-link:after{font-family:fontawesome;font-size:9px;vertical-align:middle} .recent-date:before{content:'\f073';font-family:fontawesome;color:#bbb} .recent-date{color:#999;font-weight:400;font-size:12px} .recent-author:before{content:'\f007';font-family:fontawesome;color:#bbb} .recent-author{color:#999;font-weight:400;font-size:12px} .intro-loader{position:absolute;top:0;width:100%;height:100%} .intro{position:relative} .intro-loader .fa{position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;margin-left:-10px;margin-top:-10px;font-size:20px;color:#222} .intro .widget{margin-bottom:20px!important;height:450px;overflow:hidden} .intro h2{display:none;display:none} .intro .rcp-thumb{width:100%;height:215px;display:block} .intro li:hover .rcp-thumb{-webkit-transform:scale(1.1);-moz-transform:scale(1.1);transform:scale(1.1);transition:all .3s ease;-webkit-transition:all .3s ease;-moz-transition:all .3s ease;-o-transition:all .3s ease} .intro .rcp-title{font:normal bold 15px Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;font-size:16px} .intro .rcp-thumb:after{content:no-close-quote;position:absolute;bottom:0;width:100%;height:151px;background:url(https://lh4.ggpht.com/-BJYQzaOHxBY/U2rZzP9ZInI/AAAAAAAAEFI/oliAqBKX2yE/s1600/gradient.png) repeat-x;opacity:.8} .intro li{width:40%;height:215px;position:relative;padding:.1px;overflow:hidden} .intro li:nth-child(2){margin-bottom:20px} .intro li:first-child{width:58.333333333%;height:450px} .intro li:first-child .rcp-thumb{height:450px} .intro li:first-child .rcp-title{font-size:25px} .intro .post-panel{position:absolute;bottom:20px} .intro .rcp-title a{color:#FFF;font-weight:700;position:relative;bottom:10px;line-height:14px} .intro .recent-date:before{color:#bbb} .intro .recent-date{color:#bbb} .intro .recent-author:before{color:#bbb} .intro .recent-author{color:#bbb} .intro .post-tag{position:absolute;top:15px;background-color:#B565BE;color:#FFF;padding:10px;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:700;z-index:99} .intro li:nth-child(2) .post-tag{background-color:#00bcd4} .intro li:nth-child(3) .post-tag{background-color:#FF5858} .recent-layout .widget{margin-bottom:20px} .recent-layout .recent-sec .widget:last-child{margin-bottom:20px} .recent-title{font:normal bold 15px Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif} .fbig .first-thumb:hover,.fbig .recent-thumb:hover{-webkit-transform:scale(1.1)!important;-moz-transform:scale(1.1)!important;transform:scale(1.1)!important;transition:all .3s ease!important;-webkit-transition:all .3s ease!important;-moz-transition:all .3s ease!important;-o-transition:all .3s ease!important} .fbig .first .rthumbc{width:50%;height:200px} .fbig .first-thumb{width:100%;height:200px;display:block} .fbig .first{overflow:hidden} .rthumbc{overflow:hidden} .fbig ul li .rthumbc{width:90px;height:60px;display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle} .fbig ul li .recent-thumb{width:90px;height:60px;display:block} .fbig ul li .recent-content{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle} .fbig .recent-title a{font-weight:700;color:#222222;margin-bottom:10px;display:inline-block} .fbig .first-content .recent-title a{font-size:18px} .fbig .recent-des{margin-top:15px;font:normal bold 13px Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;line-height:22px} .fbig1 .first{margin-bottom:15px;padding-bottom:15px;border-bottom:1px solid #EEE} .fbig1 .first .rthumbc{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle} .fbig1 .first-thumb{display:block} .fbig1 .first-content{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle} .fbig1 ul li{display:inline-block;width:48%;padding-bottom:15px;margin-bottom:15px;padding-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #EEE;height:77px} .fbig1 ul li:nth-child(4),.fbig1 ul li:nth-child(5){border-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0;margin-bottom:0;height:62px} .fbig2 .first{width:50%} .fbig2 .first .rthumbc{width:100%;margin-bottom:15px} .fbig2 .first-thumb{width:100%} .fbig2 ul li{display:block;width:48%;padding-bottom:15px;margin-bottom:15px;padding-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #EEE} .fbig2 ul li:last-child{border-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0;margin-bottom:0} .column{width:47.15%;display:inline-block} .column .first .rthumbc{width:100%;margin-bottom:15px} .column .first-thumb{width:100%} .column .first,.column ul li{border-bottom:1px solid #EEE;margin-bottom:15px;padding-top:0} .column .first{padding-bottom:15px} .column ul li{padding-bottom:15px} .column ul li:last-child{border-bottom:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0} .list ul li{display:inline-block;width:48%;padding-bottom:15px;margin-bottom:15px;padding-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #EEE;height:77px} .list ul li:last-child,.list ul li:nth-child(5){border-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0;margin-bottom:0;height:62px} .recent-title a:hover{text-decoration:underline;color:#00bcd4} .recent-block .recent-thumb{width:100%;height:150px;display:block} .recent-block ul li{width:33%;display:inline-block;position:relative;padding:0;margin-bottom:2px} .recent-block .recent-title a{font-weight:700;margin-bottom:5px;display:inline-block} .gallery ul li{height:150px;overflow:hidden} .gallery li:hover .recent-content{bottom:10px} .gallery li:hover .recent-thumb{opacity:.4!important} .gallery li:hover{background-color:#000} .gallery .recent-content{position:absolute;bottom:-100%} .gallery .recent-date,.gallery .recent-author{color:#BBB} .gallery .recent-title a{font-size:15px;color:#FFF} .videos ul li:nth-child(4),.videos ul li:nth-child(5),.videos ul li:nth-child(6){margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0;border-bottom:0} .videos ul li{width:32%} .videos .recent-title a{color:#222222;height:20px;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:2px} .videos .recent-title a:hover{color:#00bcd4} .videos ul li,.videos .recent-thumb{margin-bottom:15px;padding-bottom:15px;border-bottom:1px solid #F0F0F0} .videos ul li .recent-thumb:before{content:'\f01d';font-family:fontawesome;position:absolute;height:150px;width:100%;text-align:center;line-height:150px;color:#FFF;font-size:0;font-weight:400;opacity:.5;transition-timing-function:linear,ease-out-in;transition:.4s} .videos .recent-thumb{position:relative} .videos .recent-thumb:hover{opacity:1} .videos .recent-thumb:hover:before{background-color:#000;opacity:.5;font-size:5em;transition-timing-function:linear,ease-in-out;transition:.1s;transition-delay:.1s} .owl-carousel .owl-wrapper:after{content:".";display:block;clear:both;visibility:hidden;line-height:0;height:0} .owl-carousel{display:none;position:relative;width:100%;-ms-touch-action:pan-y} .owl-carousel .owl-wrapper{display:none;position:relative;-webkit-transform:translate3d(0px,0px,0px)} .owl-carousel .owl-wrapper-outer{overflow:hidden;position:relative;width:100%} .owl-carousel .owl-wrapper-outer.autoHeight{-webkit-transition:height 500ms ease-in-out;-moz-transition:height 500ms ease-in-out;-ms-transition:height 500ms ease-in-out;-o-transition:height 500ms ease-in-out;transition:height 500ms ease-in-out} .owl-controls .owl-page,.owl-controls .owl-buttons div{cursor:pointer} .owl-controls{-webkit-user-select:none;-khtml-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:rgba(0,0,0,0)} .grabbing,.grabbing a,.grabbing *{cursor:e-resize!important} .owl-carousel .owl-wrapper,.owl-carousel .owl-item{-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;-moz-backface-visibility:hidden;-ms-backface-visibility:hidden;-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);-moz-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);-ms-transform:translate3d(0,0,0)} .owl-prev,.owl-next{width:28px;height:22px;background-color:#fff;text-align:center;line-height:22px;font-size:12px;margin-top:5px;color:#aaa;display:inline-block} .owl-next:before{font-family:fontawesome} .owl-prev:before{font-family:fontawesome} .carousel.recent-block .recent-thumb{height:180px} .carousel .recent-content{position:absolute;bottom:10px;width:90%;left:5%} .carousel .recent-content .recent-title a{color:#FFF;font-size:14px} .carousel .recent-content .recent-date,.carousel .recent-content .recent-author{color:#bbb} .carousel .recent-thumb:before{content:no-close-quote;position:absolute;bottom:0;width:100%;height:150px;background:url(https://lh4.ggpht.com/-BJYQzaOHxBY/U2rZzP9ZInI/AAAAAAAAEFI/oliAqBKX2yE/s1600/gradient.png) repeat-x;opacity:.8} .carousel li{padding:0;position:relative;overflow:hidden;margin:0 5px;list-style:none} .owl-carousel{border:1px solid #DDD;padding:5px 0} .carousel li{background-color:#111} .carousel li:hover .recent-thumb{-webkit-transform:scale(1.1)!important;-moz-transform:scale(1.1)!important;transform:scale(1.1)!important;transition:all .3s ease!important;-webkit-transition:all .3s ease!important;-moz-transition:all .3s ease!important;-o-transition:all .3s ease!important;opacity:.5} .slider li:hover .recent-thumb{-webkit-transform:scale(1.1)!important;-moz-transform:scale(1.1)!important;transform:scale(1.1)!important;transition:all .3s ease!important;-webkit-transition:all .3s ease!important;-moz-transition:all .3s ease!important;-o-transition:all .3s ease!important;opacity:.5!important} .slider .owl-carousel{border:0;padding:0} .slider .owl-item li{margin:0;padding:0} .slider.recent-block .recent-thumb{height:400px} .slider.carousel .recent-content{bottom:20px;text-align:center} .slider.carousel .recent-content .recent-title a{font-size:25px;margin-bottom:10px;text-transform:uppercase} .slider .recent-des{line-height:22px;font-size:14px;color:#BBB;margin-top:10px;max-width:550px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto} .slider.carousel .recent-thumb:before{opacity:.9;background-size:250px 100%;height:250px} .slider .owl-controls{position:absolute;top:10px;left:10px} .slider .owl-prev,.slider .owl-next{height:40px;line-height:40px;width:40px;font-size:14px;opacity:.6;background-color:#000;color:#FFF} .slider .owl-prev:hover,.slider .owl-next:hover{opacity:.9;background-color:#00bcd4} /*===================================== = F. Posts Section =====================================*/ .post-thumb a{-webkit-transition:all .6s;-moz-transition:all .6s;-o-transition:all .6s;transition:all .6s} .post-thumb a:hover{-webkit-transform:scale(1.1)!important;-moz-transform:scale(1.1)!important;transform:scale(1.1)!important;transition:all .3s ease!important;-webkit-transition:all .3s ease!important;-moz-transition:all .3s ease!important;-o-transition:all .3s ease!important} .post-thumb a:{content:"\f1c9";font:normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;display:block;position:absolute;width:60px;height:60px;top:50%;left:50%;margin:-30px 0 0 -30px;color:#FFF;font-size:60px} .postags{position:absolute;top:5px} .postags a{padding:5px;display:inline-block;background:#00bcd4;margin:0;color:#fff} .postags a:nth-child(2){background-color:#222} .postags a{display:none} .postags a:first-child,.postags a:nth-child(2){display:inline-block} .postags a:hover{background:#222} .index .status-msg-wrap{background-color:#FFF;border:1px solid #EEE;padding:15px 0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:20px} #related-posts .owl-prev,#related-posts .owl-next{height:40px;line-height:40px;width:40px} #related-posts .owl-controls{position:absolute;bottom:10px} #related-posts{margin-bottom:20px} #related-posts .owl-carousel{padding:6px 5px} .rnav li{width:100%;display:inline-block;height:300px;overflow:hidden;position:relative} .rnav li .rnav-img{width:100%;height:300px;display:block} .rnav li .rnav-conent{position:absolute;top:50%;height:20px;width:90%;text-align:center;margin-top:-10px} .rnav-title a{color:#222;font-size:17px} .rnav li .rnav-conent{transform:scale(10);-webkit-transform:scale(10);-moz-transform:scale(10);-o-transform:scale(10);-ms-transform:scale(10);transition:all .3s ease;-webkit-transition:all .2s ease;-moz-transition:all .2s ease;-o-transition:all .2s ease;-ms-transition:all .2s ease;opacity:0} .rnav li:hover .rnav-conent{transform:scale(1);-webkit-transform:scale(1);-moz-transform:scale(1);-o-transform:scale(1);-ms-transform:scale(1);opacity:1} .rnav li:hover .rnav-img{opacity:.2} .sharepost li{width:20%;padding:0} .sharepost li a{padding:8px 0;background-color:#aaa;color:#FFF;display:block} .sharepost{overflow:hidden;text-align:center;margin-bottom:20px} .sharepost li a:hover{opacity: .9} .sharepost li .twitter{background-color:#55acee} .sharepost li .facebook{background-color:#3987a7} .sharepost li .gplus{background-color:#dd4b39} .sharepost li .pinterest{background-color:#cc2127} .sharepost li .linkedin{background-color:#0976b4} .hreview{display:none} .item .intro,.item .recent-layout,.item .posts-title{display:none} .pagenavi{padding:0 20px;text-align:center;padding-top:5px;border-top:1px solid #F0F0F0;margin:6px 0} .pagenavi a,.pagenavi span{padding:5px 10px 5px 10px;display:inline-block;color:#555;margin-left:5px;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #eee;border-radius:2px} .pagenavi span.current,.pagenavi a:hover{border:1px solid #ccc} .posts-title{background-color:#fff;margin-bottom:8px;;border-bottom:3px solid #00bcd4} .posts-title h2{font:normal normal 15px Arial,Tahoma,Helvetica,FreeSans,sans-serif;background-color:#00bcd4;display:inline-block} .posts-title h2 a{padding-top:0;color:#fff;font-weight:bold;font-size:14px;text-transform:uppercase;display:block} .posts-title h2 a:before{content:'\f09e';font-family:fontawesome;font-size:16px;vertical-align:middle;font-weight:400} .posts-link{height:20px;line-height:20px;padding:0 5px;background-color:#fff;margin-top:9px;font-size:11px;color:#aaa} .posts-link:after{font-family:fontawesome;font-size:9px;vertical-align:middle} .post-snippet{margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px;font:normal bold 13px Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;line-height:22px;color:#8a8a8a} .post-readmore a{display:inline-block;height:30px;float:left;padding:0 12px;color:#666;border:1px solid #EFEFEF;background-color:#fff;font-size:11px;font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;line-height:30px;transition:border .3s} .post-readmore a:hover{border-color:#00bcd4;color:#00bcd4} #post-foot{position:relative} .post-share{display:none;position:absolute;background:#444;padding:10px;border-radius:2px;top:-25px;transition:all 0s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0s ease;-moz-transition:all 0s ease;-o-transition:all 0s ease} .post-share:before{content:"";position:absolute;width:10px;height:10px;top:45%;z-index:0;background:#444;border-style:solid;border-color:#444;-webkit-transform:rotate(224deg);-moz-transform:rotate(224deg);-ms-transform:rotate(224deg);-o-transform:rotate(224deg);transform:rotate(224deg)} .post-share ul{margin:0;padding:0} .post-share ul li{margin:0;padding:0} .post-share ul li a{color:#fff;border-bottom:1px solid #555;padding:5px;display:block} .post-share ul li a:last-child{border-bottom:0} .post-share ul li a:hover{color:#fff} .post-sharebtn{display:inline-block;height:30px;float:left;padding:0 12px;color:#666;border:1px solid #EFEFEF;background-color:#fff;font-size:11px;font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;line-height:30px;transition:border .3s} .post-sharebtn:hover{border-color:#00bcd4;color:#00bcd4} .post-share .twitter{background-color:#55acee} .post-share .share{background-color:#2663c0} .post-share .plus{background-color:#dd4b39} .fa-share-alt:before{content:"\f1e0"} .fa-twitter:before{content:"\f099"} .fa-facebook:before{content:"\f09a"} .fa-google-plus:before{content:"\f0d5"} .fa-long-arrow-right:before{content:"\f178"} .index .post-title{font:normal normal 15px Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;margin-bottom:10px} .index .post-title a{font-weight:700;color:#414141;font-size:15px} .index .post-title a:hover{text-decoration:underline;color:#00bcd4} .fa-angle-right:before{margin:0 5px} .breadcrumbs{padding:10px;background:#F7F7F7;margin-bottom:20px} .item article{margin-top:20px} .item .post-heading{position:relative;margin:10px 0;border-bottom:2px solid #eee} .item .post-title{font:normal normal 16px Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid #226ce2;color:#1269f3;text-align:center;display:inline-block;padding-bottom:0px;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;position:relative;top:1px} .item .post-body{width:100%;font:normal 14px Arial, Geneva, sans-serif;color:#333;font-size:15px;line-height:26px;overflow:hidden} .post-body h1,.post-body h2,.post-body h3{margin-bottom:15px;color:#333} .post-body h4,.post-body h5,.post-body h6{margin-bottom:10px;color:#00bcd4} .item .post-outer{padding:0} .item .post-body img{max-width:100%} .index article{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle} .post-thumb{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;position:relative;overflow:hidden;width:320px} .post-thumb a{display:block;width:100%;height:150px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:2px} .index .post{overflow:hidden;display:table} .index .post-outer{margin-bottom:15px;padding-bottom:15px;overflow:hidden;border-bottom:1px solid #eee} .index .post-outer:last-child{border-bottom:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0} .index #main-wrapper #main{margin-bottom:20px} .post-thumb img{width:100%;height:auto} .post-meta a,.post-meta i{color:#aaa} .post-pager li{padding:0;display:inline-block;width:50%} .post-pager li strong{display:block;padding:0 0 10px} ul.post-pager{background-color:#FFF;border:1px solid #fff;display:block;width:100%;overflow:hidden} .post-pager li a{color:#555;display:block;padding:20px 35px} .post-pager li:hover{background-color:#00bcd4} .post-pager li:hover a{color:#888;background:#f8f8f8} ul.post-pager *{transition:all 0s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0s ease;-moz-transition:all 0s ease;-o-transition:all 0s ease} .postarea-wrapper{padding:0;overflow:hidden} .label-tags{color:#138be6;border:1px solid #357ae8;} .tags{display:block;padding:10px 0} .tags a{font: normal 10px tahoma;line-height: 100%!important;display: inline-block;padding: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: #fff;color: #00bcd4;border: 1px solid #00bcd4;border-radius: 0;-webkit-border-radius: 0;text-align: center;text-transform: uppercase;text-decoration: none} .tags a:hover{color: #fff!important;background: #00bcd4;border-color: #00bcd4;} .tags a:active{-webkit-transform: scale(1.1);transform: scale(1.1);} .articleAuthor{overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:20px} .articleAuthor{overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:20px} .authorContent{overflow:hidden;background:#f8f8f8;padding:30px;margin:1px;margin-bottom:0} .authorLeft{overflow:hidden} .authorLeft .authorAvatar{overflow:hidden;border-radius:50%} .authorLeft .authorAvatar img{display:block} .authorDetails{overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:5px;margin-top:10px} .authorDetails h2{font-size:16px;color:#555} .authorDetails .AuthorPostsCount{display:block;padding-top:3px} .authorDetails h2 span{color:#00bcd4;font-weight:400} .articleAuthor .authorContent p{line-height:20px;margin-bottom:10px} .authorContent .authorSocial{border-bottom:none} .authorSocial{padding:0 10px 10px} .authorSocial a{float:center:font-size:12px;speak:none;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;padding:7px;display:inline-block;background:#444;color:#fff;width:24px;height:24px;border-radius:2px} .authorSocial a:hover{background:#00bcd4} /*===================================== = G. Blogger Comments =====================================*/ #comments{line-height:1.5em;margin-top:25px} #gpluscomments{margin-top:25px!important} .comments .comment-block{margin-left:0} .comments .comments-content .comment{margin-bottom:16px;padding-bottom:8px;border-bottom:1px solid #eee} .comments .comments-content .comment-content{font-weight:400;margin:24px 0 10px;line-height:2em;margin:25px 0 0;max-width:500px} .comments .comments-content .comment:first-child{padding-top:16px} .comments .comments-content .comment{margin:0 0 25px;padding:0} .comments .comments-content .comment-header{margin:8px 0 0;display:inline-block} .comments .comments-content .user a:after{margin-left:5px;font-size:12px;font-style:italic;display:inline;color:#BBB} .comments .comments-content .datetime a{color:#BBB;border-bottom:1px dashed;padding-bottom:2px} .comments .comments-content .comment-replies .comment{border-top:0} .comments .comments-content .comment:last-child{border-bottom:0;margin-bottom:15px} .comments .comments-content .icon.blog-author{width:5px;height:10px;display:inline-block;margin:0 20px 5px 0;font-weight:normal} .comments .comments-content .icon.user.blog-author:before{content:"\f058";font-family:'FontAwesome';font-size:18px;color:#307ade;float:left;margin-left:3px;padding:0 0} .comments .comments-content .user a{color:#307ade;font-weight:bold;font-size:15px} .comments .comments-content .user{color:444;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;margin:0 5px 0 0} .comments .comments-content .datetime{font-size:12px} .comments .avatar-image-container{max-height:60px;overflow:hidden;width:60px;border-radius:3px} .comments .comment .comment-actions a{background:#fff;margin-top:-22px;padding:3px 15px;color:#00bcd4;border:1px solid #00bcd4;font-style:italic;font-weight:500} .comments .comment .comment-actions a:hover{text-decoration:none;background:#00bcd4;border:1px solid #00bcd4;color:#fff;} .comments-tabs.simpleTab .tab-content{background-color:transparent;padding:0;margin-top:20px;border: none;} .comments-tabs.simpleTab{border:1px solid #EEE;padding:15px;margin-top:25px;margin-bottom:25px} .comments-tabs.simpleTab .tab-wrapper li a{border-radius:2px;text-transform:uppercase;background-color:#f2f2f2;color:#666} .comments-tabs.simpleTab .tab-wrapper li a.activeTab{background-color:#00bcd4;color:#fff} .comments-tabs-header{overflow:hidden} .comments-tabs-header h3{line-height:35px;color:#555} .comments-tabs-header h3:before{content:'';display:inline-block;width:5px;height:5px;background-color:#00bcd4;vertical-align:middle} #comment-editor{background:transparent url('https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-LIb8IsOVao0/V4RKqQi4iZI/AAAAAAAADQM/oziIOaDqpqQRjDcjGZEU4LxCtMfEuWu-QCLcB/s1600/Flip-Flop.gif') no-repeat 50% 30%;height:210px} /*===================================== = H. Blogger Widgets =====================================*/ .flickr_widget .flickr_badge_image{width:25%;margin-bottom:10px;overflow:hidden;display:inline-block} .flickr_widget .flickr_badge_image img:hover{opacity:0.5} .widget-item-control{display:none!important} .PlusBadge .widget-title{margin-bottom:15px} .sidebar .LinkList li:before,.footer .LinkList li:before,.sidebar .PageList li:before,.footer .PageList li:before{display:inline-block;font-family:FontAwesome;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;line-height:1;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale} .sect-left .FollowByEmail .widget-content{background-color:#272727} .sect-left .FollowByEmail .follow-by-email-inner .follow-by-email-submit:hover{background:#202020} .sect-left .FollowByEmail .widget-content:before{content:"Nhập địa chỉ email của bạn và bạn sẽ không bỏ lỡ bất kỳ thủ thuật mới nào khi đăng ký theo dõi Dii Nô Blog.";color:#F2F2F2} .FollowByEmail td{width:100%;float:left;box-sizing:border-box} .FollowByEmail .follow-by-email-inner .follow-by-email-submit{margin-left:0;width:100%;border-radius:0;height:30px;font-size:11px;color:#fff;background-color:#03a9f5;font-family:inherit;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:700} .FollowByEmail .follow-by-email-inner .follow-by-email-submit:hover{background-color:#272727} .FollowByEmail .follow-by-email-inner .follow-by-email-address{padding-left:10px;height:30px;border:1px solid #FFF;margin-bottom:5px;box-sizing:border-box;font-size:11px;font-family:inherit} .FollowByEmail .follow-by-email-inner .follow-by-email-address:focus{border:1px solid #FFF} .FollowByEmail .widget-content{background-color:#202020;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px} .FollowByEmail .widget-content:before{content:"Nhập địa chỉ email của bạn và bạn sẽ không bỏ lỡ bất kỳ thủ thuật mới nào khi đăng ký theo dõi Dii Nô Blog.";font-size:11px;color:#f2f2f2;line-height:1.4em;margin-bottom:5px;display:block;padding:0 2px} .list-label-widget-content ul li{list-style:none;padding:0;position:relative} .list-label-widget-content ul{padding:0} .list-label-widget-content ul li a{display:block;color:#777;padding:5px 0;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(238,238,238,0.5);font-size:12px;position:relative;z-index:9;font-weight:500} .list-label-widget-content span{display:block;color:#333333;padding:10px 0;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(238,238,238,0.5);font-size:12px;position:relative;z-index:9;font-weight:500} .footer-column .list-label-widget-content span{display:block;color:#333333;padding:10px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #333;font-size:12px;position:relative;z-index:9;font-weight:500} .footer-column .list-label-widget-content ul li a{color:#aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #333} .list-label-widget-content ul li:after{content:'';height:36px;width:0;position:absolute;top:0;z-index:1;transition:all .8s ease;-webkit-transition:all .8s ease;-moz-transition:all .8s ease;-o-transition:all .8s ease} .list-label-widget-content ul li:hover a{color:#333333!important;border-bottom:1px solid #333333} .list-label-widget-content ul li a:before{display:inline-block;font-family:FontAwesome;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;line-height:1;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;height:25px;line-height:25px;text-align:center;color:#555} .list-label-widget-content ul li:hover a:before{color:#333333} .label-size-1,.label-size-2,.label-size-3,.label-size-4,.label-size-5{font-size:100%;opacity:1}.label-size{background:#fff;display:block;float:left;margin:0 4px 4px 0;color:#999;font-size:11px;line-height:1.2}.label-size a,.label-size span{display:inline-block;color:#666;padding:6px 10px}.label-count{white-space:nowrap;padding-right:3px;margin-left:-3px;color:#999}.label-count:hover{color:#5e94ef}#sidebar-wrapper .label-size{position:relative;border:0;display:block;float:left;color:#fff;font-size:12px;margin:0 4px 4px 0}#sidebar-wrapper .label-size a{background:#222;border-left:2px solid #00bcd4;;display:inline-block;color:#fff}#sidebar-wrapper .label-size a:hover{background:#349ddd}#sidebar-wrapper .label-size a:before,#sidebar-wrapper .label-size span::before{font-family:'FontAwesome';font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;content:"\2022";float:left;margin:0 6px 0 0;display:block!Important;opacity:0.6}#sidebar-wrapper .label-size a:hover:before,#sidebar-wrapper .label-size span:hover::before{border-color:transparent #2F363C transparent transparent}#sidebar-wrapper .label-size a:hover,#sidebar-wrapper .label-size span::hover{background:#2F363C} .label-size span{background-color:#5271b3;color:#fff;padding:1px 7px;border-radius:2px;margin:-2px 0!important} .contact-form-name,.contact-form-email,.contact-form-email-message,.contact-form-widget{max-width:none;margin-bottom:15px;padding:5px} .contact-form-name,.contact-form-email,.contact-form-email-message{background-color:#f3f3f3;border:0} .contact-form-button-submit{max-width:none;width:100%;height:35px;border:0;background-image:none;background-color:#49aff8;cursor:pointer;font:normal normal 13px Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:400} .contact-form-name:focus,.contact-form-email:focus,.contact-form-email-message:focus{border:0;box-shadow:none} .contact-form-name:hover,.contact-form-email:hover,.contact-form-email-message:hover{border:0} .contact-form-button-submit:hover{background-color:#222;background-image:none;border:0} .commentswidget li .avatarImage{position:relative;overflow:hidden;padding:0} .commentswidget li{background:none!important;clear:both;list-style:none;word-break:break-all;display:block;border-bottom:1px solid #f4f4f4;overflow:hidden;margin:0;padding-bottom:10px;margin-bottom:10px;padding-top:0} .commentswidget li:last-child{padding-bottom:0;margin-bottom:0;border-bottom:0} .commentswidget li span{margin-top:4px;color:#ccc;display:block;font:normal normal 13px Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;line-height:22px;text-transform:lowercase} .avatarRound{-webkit-border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-ms-border-radius:3px;-o-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px;width:35px;height:35px} .commentswidget a{color:#888;position:relative;font-size:14px;font-size:13px;text-transform:uppercase;display:block;overflow:hidden} .commentswidget{list-style:none;padding:0} .social-counter{margin:0;padding:0;overflow:hidden} .social-counter ul{margin:0;padding:0} .social-counter ul li{width:25%;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:20px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #f3f3f3;position:relative} .social-item:nth-child(5),.social-item:nth-child(6),.social-item:nth-child(7),.social-item:nth-child(8){border:none} .social-counter ul li a{margin:0;padding:0} .item-icon{margin:0 0 10px;float:none;width:38px;height:38px;display:inline-block;line-height:38px;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#a3a3a3;color:#fff;font-size:18px;border-radius:2px;transition:.8s} .item-count{display:block;color:#5f5f5f;font-weight:700;font-size:14px;line-height:20px} .item-text{display:block;color:#9d9d9d;font-size:12px;line-height:18px} .social-item .item-icon{margin:0 0 10px;float:none} .social-item.facebook .item-icon,.social-item.facebook .item-icon:after{background-color:#5271b3;border-color:#5271b3} .social-item.twitter .item-icon,.social-item.twitter .item-icon:after{background-color:#49aff8;border-color:#49aff8} .social-item.gplus .item-icon,.social-item.gplus .item-icon:after{background-color:#cb2027;border-color:#cb2027} .social-item.rss .item-icon,.social-item.rss .item-icon:after{background-color:#FFC200;border-color:#FFC200} .social-item.youtube .item-icon,.social-item.youtube .item-icon:after{background-color:#eb1a21;border-color:#eb1a21} .social-item.dribbble .item-icon,.social-item.dribbble .item-icon:after{background-color:#ea4c89;border-color:#ea4c89} .social-item.instagram .item-icon,.social-item.instagram .item-icon:after{background-color:#4E729A;border-color:#4E729A} .social-item.pinterest .item-icon,.social-item.pinterest .item-icon:after{background-color:#cb2027;border-color:#cb2027} .social-item.facebook .item-icon:before{content:"\f09a"} .social-item.twitter .item-icon:before{content:"\f099"} .social-item.gplus .item-icon:before{content:"\f0d5"} .social-item.rss .item-icon:before{content:"\f09e"} .social-item.youtube .item-icon:before{content:"\f167"} .social-item.instagram .item-icon:before{content:"\f16d"} .social-item.dribbble .item-icon:before{content:"\f17d"} .social-item.pinterest .item-icon:before{content:"\f0d2"} .social-counter ul li:hover{background:#f8f8f8} .social-item .item-icon:after{content:"";position:absolute;width:10px;height:10px;bottom:-5px;z-index:0;border-width:0 1px 1px 0;border-style:solid;-webkit-transform:rotate(224deg);-moz-transform:rotate(224deg);-ms-transform:rotate(224deg);-o-transform:rotate(224deg);transform:rotate(224deg)} /*===================================== = I. Sidebar Section =====================================*/ #sidebar-wrapper .widget{margin-bottom:20px;overflow:hidden} #sidebar-wrapper .widget-content,.contact-form-widget{padding:15px 0 0} .sidebar .widget-title{text-transform: uppercase;font-size: 16px;background: #fff;background-position: 50% 25%;border-bottom: 2px solid #00bcd4} #sidebar-wrapper .widget h2,#sidebar-160 .widget h2{font:normal normal 15px Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;display:block;font-weight:bold;font-size:14px;background-color:#00bcd4;display:inline-block;color:#fff;text-transform:uppercase;padding:5px;} .sidebar .PopularPosts h2{color:#fff!important} .sidebar .BlogArchive .widget-title{border-bottom:1px solid #FFC200!important} .sidebar .BlogArchive h2{color:#FFC200!important} .sidebar .Label h2{color:#fff!important} .sidebar .FollowByEmail .widget-title{background:#272727!important} .sidebar .FollowByEmail h2{color:#00bcd4!important} .sidebar .ContactForm .widget-title{border-bottom:1px solid #49aff8!important} .sidebar .ContactForm h2{color:#49aff8!important} /*===================================== = J. Footer Section =====================================*/ .footer-ad h2.title{display:none} .footer-ad{text-align:center;margin:20px 0} #footer-wrapper{color:#fafafa;font-size:15px;font-family:Roboto;margin:0;padding:10px 0;font-weight:400;background:#222;background-size:cover;overflow:hidden} .footer-column .widget-title{font-family:'Roboto';font-size:17px;font-weight:400;text-transform:none;margin:20px 0;color:#0EB1F0;border-bottom:2px solid #484d5d;padding-bottom:5px;position:relative;line-height:1;letter-spacing:2px;text-align:left} .footer-column h2{display:inline-block;font-weight:500;margin: 5px 10px;font-size:19px;color:#0EB1F0;text-transform:uppercase} #footer-wrapper .footer-column{color:#e8e8e8;width:32.222222222%;margin:0;padding:0;display:block} #outer-wrapper.pop_contact{transition:all 0s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0s ease;-moz-transition:all 0s ease;-o-transition:all 0s ease} #outer-wrapper.pop_contact:before{content:'';position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69);z-index:999;transition:all 0s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0s ease;-moz-transition:all 0s ease;-o-transition:all 0s ease} a.upbt{background:#222;border-radius:100%;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;height:48px;padding:10px;width:48px;position:absolute;top:-26px;color:#fff;font-size:24px;left:50%;margin-left:-24px} a.upbt:hover{background:#00bcd4} = K. Error page =====================================*/ .error_page #sidebar-wrapper,.error_page #main-wrapper{display:none} .error_page #error-page{margin:100px auto 50px;text-align:center;padding:0;line-height:4em} a.homepage{padding:10px 20px;background:#222;border-radius:2px;color:#fff} a.homepage:hover{background:#00bcd4;color:#fff} .error_page .error{font-size:20px;text-align:center} .error_page .errornum{font-size:75px;color:#333333} .error_page span.fa.fa-frown-o{font-size:115px;color:#444} .error_page .fa-frown-o:before{content:"\f119"} .error_page .fa-hand-o-down:before{content:"\f0a7";font-size:18px} /*===================================== = L. Shortcodes =====================================*/ .firstcharacter{float:left;color:$(main.color);font-size:75px;line-height:60px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-left:3px;font-family:Georgia} .button.small{font-size:12px} .button.medium{font-size:16px} .button.large{font-size:20px} .button{padding:10px 20px;margin:5px;color:#fff!important;text-align:center;border:0;cursor:pointer;border-radius:0;display:block;text-decoration:none;font-weight:400;-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 -2px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);box-shadow:inset 0 -2px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);color:#fff} .button.small:hover{-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 -34px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);box-shadow:inset 0 -34px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);color:#fff} .button.medium:hover{-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 -44px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);box-shadow:inset 0 -44px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);color:#fff} .button.large:hover{-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 -54px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);box-shadow:inset 0 -54px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);color:#fff} .red{background:#e74c3c} .orange{background:#f8a20c} .green{background:#2ecc71} .blue{background:#18b8e6} .purple{background:#9b59b6} .yellow{background:#FFD600} .pink{background:#F889EB} .grey{background:#bdc3c7} .turquoise{background:#1abc9c} .midnight{background:#2c3e50} .asbestos{background:#6d7b7c} .dark{background:#454545} .small-button{width:100%;overflow:hidden;clear:both} .medium-button{width:100%;overflow:hidden;clear:both} .large-button{width:100%;overflow:hidden;clear:both} .widget .post-body ul,.widget .post-body ol{line-height:1.5;font-weight:400} .widget .post-body li{margin:5px 0;padding:0;line-height:1.5} .post-body ul li:before{content:"\f105";margin-right:5px;font-family:fontawesome} #contact{background-color:#fff;margin:30px 0!important} #contact .contact-form-widget{max-width:100%!important} #contact .contact-form-name,#contact .contact-form-email,#contact .contact-form-email-message{background-color:#FFF;border:1px solid #eee;border-radius:3px;padding:10px;margin-bottom:10px!important;max-width:100%!important} #contact .contact-form-name{width:47.7%;height:50px} #contact .contact-form-email{width:49.7%;height:50px} #contact .contact-form-email-message{height:150px} #contact .contact-form-button-submit{max-width:100%;width:100%;z-index:0;margin:4px 0 0;padding:15px 20px!important;text-align:center;cursor:pointer;background:#19b5fe;border:0;height:auto;-webkit-border-radius:2px;-moz-border-radius:2px;-ms-border-radius:2px;-o-border-radius:2px;border-radius:2px;text-transform:uppercase;-webkit-transition:all .2s ease-out;-moz-transition:all .2s ease-out;-o-transition:all .2s ease-out;-ms-transition:all .2s ease-out;transition:all .2s ease-out;color:#FFF} #contact .contact-form-button-submit:hover{background:#444} #contact .contact-form-email:focus,#contact .contact-form-name:focus,#contact .contact-form-email-message:focus{box-shadow:none!important} .two-column{overflow:hidden} .two-column .column{width:50%;padding:0 15px} .alert-message{position:relative;display:block;background-color:#FAFAFA;padding:20px;margin:20px 0;-webkit-border-radius:2px;-moz-border-radius:2px;border-radius:2px;color:#2f3239;border:1px solid} .alert-message p{margin:0!important;padding:0;line-height:22px;font-size:13px;color:#2f3239} .alert-message span{font-size:14px!important} .alert-message i{font-size:16px;line-height:20px} .alert-message.success{background-color:#f1f9f7;border-color:#e0f1e9;color:#1d9d74} .alert-message.success a,.alert-message.success span{color:#1d9d74} .alert-message.alert{background-color:#DAEFFF;border-color:#8ED2FF;color:#378FFF} .alert-message.alert a,.alert-message.alert span{color:#378FFF} .alert-message.warning{background-color:#fcf8e3;border-color:#faebcc;color:#8a6d3b} .alert-message.warning a,.alert-message.warning span{color:#8a6d3b} .alert-message.error{background-color:#FFD7D2;border-color:#FF9494;color:#F55D5D} .alert-message.error a,.alert-message.error span{color:#F55D5D} .fa-check-circle:before{content:"\f058"} .fa-info-circle:before{content:"\f05a"} .fa-exclamation-triangle:before{content:"\f071"} .fa-exclamation-circle:before{content:"\f06a"} .simpleTab .tab-wrapper li{display:inline-block;margin:0;padding:0} .simpleTab .tab-wrapper li a{background-color:#333;color:#FFF;padding:10px 25px;display:block} .simpleTab .tab-wrapper li:before{content:'';display:none} .simpleTab{margin:10px 0} .simpleTab .tab-content{padding:15px;background-color:#f2f2f2} .simpleTab .tab-wrapper li a.activeTab{background-color:$(main.color);color:#fff} .simpleTab *{transition:all 0s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0s ease;-moz-transition:all 0s ease;-o-transition:all 0s ease} .simpleTab.side .tab-wrapper{float:right;width:30%;margin:0!important;padding:0!important} .simpleTab .tab-wrapper{padding:0!important;margin:0!important} .simpleTab.side .tab-content{float:left;width:70%} .simpleTab.side .tab-wrapper li{width:100%;display:block;text-align:center} .simpleTab.side .tab-wrapper li a{padding:15px 0} .simpleTab.side{overflow:hidden} .ad-inside{display:none} .post-body .ad-inside{display:inline-block;line-height:0} .ad-inside-to{margin:15px auto;line-height:0} .maplabel{margin-bottom:10px;background-color:#F8F8F8} .maplabel.active .mapp{display:block} .maplabel .mapp{display:none} .maplabel h2{background-color:#ECECEC;color:#444;font-size:15px;padding:10px 20px;border-radius:2px;margin-bottom:0;cursor:pointer} .maplabel h2 .butoo{font-size:18px} .mpost{overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:20px;height:70px;background-color:#FFF} .mapp{padding:40px} .map-date{text-align:center;background-color:#F0F0F0;padding:10px} .map-date .day{font-size:25px;display:block;text-align:center;font-weight:800;color:#444} .map-date span{font-size:13px;color:#999} .mpost .rcp-title{line-height:70px;margin-bottom:0;font-size:16px} .mpost .rcp-title a{color:#111} .mpost .rcp-title a:hover{text-decoration:underline} .authorboxwrap { Font-family: arial; background: #fff; margin: 10px auto 20px; padding: 2px; overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid #ccc; } .avatar-container { float: left; margin-right: 20px; border: 0px solid silver; padding: 3px; } .authorsocial a { display: inline-block; text-align: center; margin-right: 10px; } a, a:visited { text-decoration: none; font-weight: 200; } a { color: #00bcd4; } .fb_iframe_widget { display: inline-block; position: relative; } .author_description_container h4 { font-family: arial; font-weight: 700; font-size: 16px; display: block; margin: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; } .author_description_container h4 a { color: #ef4824; } a, a:visited { text-decoration: none; font-weight: 400; } .author_description_container p { margin: 0; color: #888; font-size: 95%; margin-bottom: 8px; font-family: arial; } .authorsocial a i { font-family: Fontawesome; width: 30px; height: 30px; line-height: 20px; padding: 5px; display: block; opacity: 1; border-radius: 50%; transition: all .3s; } .alert-message.success { background-color: #333; border-color: #777; color: #ccc; } .alert-message { position: relative; display: block; background-color: #FAFAFA; padding: 6px; margin-bottom: 0px; -webkit-border-radius: 2px; -moz-border-radius: 2px; border-radius: 2px; color: #2f3239; border: 1px solid; } .khita { margin-bottom: 9.5px; margin-top: -10px; } .post-ads{padding-top:0;} .post-ads{float:left;margin:0 10px 10px 0;position:relative;} @media(max-width:600px){.post-ads{width:100%;}.post-right{margin-left:0!important;width:100%;float:left;}} .post-body img{transition:all.3s;max-width:650px;} .post-right{margin:0 0 0 0px;padding:0 0 10px;} p.post-excerpt{overflow:hidden;margin:0px 0 10px 0;padding:0px;background-color:#f5f5f5;border:0 solid #eee;box-shadow:0 0 0 0 #B5B5B5;font-size:17px;line-height:1.5em;} #related-posts1{margin:10px 0;} #related-posts1 ul li{list-style-type:none;color:#21a2d8;font-size:16px;line-height:22px;max-height:22px;overflow:hidden;} #related-posts1 ul li a{color:#21a2d8;} #related-posts1 ul li a:hover{color:#373737;} #related-posts1 ul li a:before{content:"\f046";font-family:'FontAwesome';padding-right:5px;} #related-posts1 h4{color:#21a2d8;border-bottom:1px dashed#E74C3C;font-size:18px;margin-bottom:5px;} #related-posts1 ul{margin-left:0;} #related-posts1.fa{margin-right:5px;} #random-posts img{border-radius:1000px;border:5px solid;color:#dddddd;float:left;margin-right:5px;width:75px;height:75px;background-color:#F5F5F5;padding:3px;transition:all 0.2s linear 0s;} /* search form -------------------------------------- */ .searchform1 { display: inline-block; zoom: 1; /* ie7 hack for display:inline-block */ *display: inline; border: solid 1px #d2d2d2; padding: 3px 5px; -webkit-border-radius: 2em; -moz-border-radius: 2em; border-radius: 2em; -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 0px rgba(0,0,0,.1); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 0px rgba(0,0,0,.1); box-shadow: 0 1px 0px rgba(0,0,0,.1); background: #f1f1f1; background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#fff), to(#ededed)); background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #fff, #ededed); filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ffffff', endColorstr='#ededed'); /* ie7 */ -ms-filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ffffff', endColorstr='#ededed'); /* ie8 */ } .searchform1 input { font: normal 12px/100% Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } .searchform1 .searchfield { background: #fff; padding: 6px 6px 6px 8px; width: 202px; border: solid 1px #bcbbbb; outline: none; -webkit-border-radius: 2em; -moz-border-radius: 2em; border-radius: 2em; -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.2); -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.2); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.2); } .searchform1 .searchbutton { color: #fff; border: solid 1px #494949; font-size: 11px; height: 27px; width: 27px; text-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.6); -webkit-border-radius: 2em; -moz-border-radius: 2em; border-radius: 2em; background: #5f5f5f; background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#9e9e9e), to(#454545)); background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #9e9e9e, #454545); filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#9e9e9e', endColorstr='#454545'); /* ie7 */ -ms-filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#9e9e9e', endColorstr='#454545'); /* ie8 */ } .menu-tab .item-1 a:before, .menu-tab .item-2 a:before, .menu-tab .item-3 a:before{ color: #fff; font-family: FontAwesome; font-size: 10px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; padding-right: 5px; text-decoration: inherit; } .menu-tab .item-1 a:before { content: "\f09e"; } .menu-tab .item-2 a:before { content: ""; } .menu-tab .item-3 a:before { content: ""; } #random-link { position: absolute; padding-top: 18px; height: 100%; width: 59px; float: right; right: 65px; background: #444; color: #ffffff; display: block; text-align: center; top: 0; transition: all .1s ease-in-out; } #random-link:after { color: #fff; content: "\f074"; font-family: FontAwesome; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; text-align: center; } .social-counter ul li { width: 25%; text-align: center; margin: 0; padding: 0px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #444; position: relative; } .smoothscroll-top { position:fixed; opacity:0; visibility:hidden; overflow:hidden; text-align:center; z-index:99; background-color:#616161; color:#fff; width:47px; height:44px; line-height:44px; right:25px; bottom:-25px; padding-top:6px; border-radius:0; transition:all 0.5s ease-in-out; transition-delay:0.2s; } .smoothscroll-top:hover { background-color:#00bcd4; color:#fff; transition:all 0.2s ease-in-out; transition-delay:0s; } .smoothscroll-top.show { visibility:visible; cursor:pointer; opacity:1; bottom:25px; } .smoothscroll-top i.fa { line-height:inherit; } .authorboxwrap { Font-family: arial; background: #fff; margin: 10px auto 20px; padding: 2px; overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid #ccc; } .avatar-container { float: left; margin-right: 20px; border: 0px solid silver; padding: 3px; } .authorsocial a { display: inline-block; text-align: center; margin-right: 10px; } a, a:visited { text-decoration: none; font-weight: 200; } a { color: #00bcd4; } .fb_iframe_widget { display: inline-block; position: relative; } .author_description_container h4 { font-family: arial; font-weight: 700; font-size: 16px; display: block; margin: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; } .author_description_container h4 a { color: #ef4824; } a,a:visited{text-decoration:none;font-weight:400} .author_description_container p{margin:0 0 8px;color:#888;font-size:95%;font-family:arial} .authorsocial a i{font-family:Fontawesome;width:30px;height:30px;line-height:20px;padding:5px;display:block;opacity:1;border-radius:100%;transition:all .3s} .alert-message.success{background-color:#333;border-color:#777;color:#ccc} .alert-message{position:relative;display:block;background-color:#FAFAFA;padding:6px;margin-bottom:0;-webkit-border-radius:2px;-moz-border-radius:100%;border-radius:2px;color:#2f3239;border:1px solid} .sharetitle{padding: 7px 0 !important;background-color: #222;color: #FFF;display: block;border-left: 5px solid #03a9f4;} .st-mnr{width:550px;padding: 10px 0;}.khwth-trending-wrapper{height:35px;float:right}li.khwtht{float:right;margin-right:10px;padding:0}.khwtht a{display:block;height:35px;padding:0 15px;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;line-height:35px;color:#fff;background:#222;border-left:4px solid #00bcd4;} .khwtht a:hover{color:#fff;background:#00bcd4;border-left:4px solid #00bcd4;} #header-inner span { display: none; } a.lienhe { background: #fff; border: 2px solid; position: absolute; font-size: 25px; padding: 3px 10px; top: 10px; right: 10px; }a.lienhe:hover { transform: scale(1.2); } .row1 { max-width: 1150px; margin: 0 auto; } .box_luuy{padding:10px 15px;color:#fff;background:#fa8072;margin:5px 0;transition:.5s;clear:both;box-shadow:3px 4px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.1)} .box_luuy:hover{background:#66689c} .box_luuy a{color:white} .box_luuy a:hover{color:white;text-decoration:underline} .kenshy-btn{border: 2px solid #e74c3c;background:#e74c3c; padding: 5px 15px; margin: 10px 10px 0 0; display: inline-block; width: 200px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: 700; font-family: "Roboto",sans-serif; color: #fff!important;letter-spacing:0} .kenshy-btn:hover,.kenshy-btn:focus{-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 -44px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);box-shadow:inset 0 -44px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);color:#fff!important} .kensy-btn{border: 2px solid #1bbfd2;background:#1bbfd2; padding: 5px 15px; margin: 10px 10px 0 0; display: inline-block; width: 200px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: 700; font-family: "Roboto",sans-serif; color: #fff!important;letter-spacing:0} .kensy-btn:hover,.kensy-btn:focus{-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 -44px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);box-shadow:inset 0 -44px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);color:#fff!important} .kenry-btn{border: 2px solid #2ecc71;background:#2ecc71; padding: 5px 15px; margin: 10px 10px 0 0; display: inline-block; width: 200px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: 700; font-family: "Roboto",sans-serif; color: #fff!important;letter-spacing:0} .kenry-btn:hover,.kenry-btn:focus{-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 -44px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);box-shadow:inset 0 -44px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);color:#fff!important} #wrap { margin: 20px auto; text-align: center; } #wrap br { display: none; } .btn-slide, .btn-slide2 { position: relative; display: inline-block; height: 50px; width: 200px; line-height: 50px; padding: 0; border-radius: 50px; background: #fdfdfd; border: 2px solid #0099cc; margin: 10px; transition: .5s; } .btn-slide2 { border: 2px solid #efa666; } .btn-slide:hover { background-color: #0099cc; } .btn-slide2:hover { background-color: #efa666; } .btn-slide:hover span.circle, .btn-slide2:hover span.circle2 { left: 100%; margin-left: -45px; background-color: #fdfdfd; color: #0099cc; } .btn-slide2:hover span.circle2 { color: #efa666; } .btn-slide:hover span.title, .btn-slide2:hover span.title2 { left: 40px; opacity: 0; } .btn-slide:hover span.title-hover, .btn-slide2:hover span.title-hover2 { opacity: 1; left: 40px; } .btn-slide span.circle, .btn-slide2 span.circle2 { display: block; background-color: #0099cc; color: #fff; position: absolute; float: left; margin: 5px; line-height: 42px; height: 40px; width: 40px; top: 0; left: 0; transition: .5s; border-radius: 50%; } .btn-slide2 span.circle2 { background-color: #efa666; } .btn-slide span.title, .btn-slide span.title-hover, .btn-slide2 span.title2, .btn-slide2 span.title-hover2 { position: absolute; left: 90px; text-align: center; margin: 0 auto; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; color: #30abd5; transition: .5s; } .btn-slide2 span.title2, .btn-slide2 span.title-hover2 { color: #efa666; left: 80px; } .btn-slide span.title-hover, .btn-slide2 span.title-hover2 { left: 80px; opacity: 0; } .btn-slide span.title-hover, .btn-slide2 span.title-hover2 { color: #fff; } .simplifymed a{display:inline-block;text-align:center;margin-top:10px;margin-right:5px;color:#fff;border-radius:100%;opacity:.9;} .simplifymed a i{font-family:Fontawesome;width:32px;height:32px;line-height:32px;display:block} .simplifymed a:hover{color:#fff;opacity:1;transform:rotate(360deg);} .simplifymed .facebook{background:#1eade8} .simplifymed .twitter{background:#00aced} .simplifymed .googleplus{background:#dd4b39} .simplifymed .rssfeed{background:#ee802f} .tdct { display: inline-block; position: relative; background-color: #00bcd4; color: #fff; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: -.4px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: 700; z-index: 1; margin: 0 0 4px; padding: 1px 15px; background: #10c9eb;} .tagstitle{padding: 4px 20px;background-color: #222;color: #FFF;display: block;border-left: 5px solid #00bcd4;font-weight: bold;} .diino-title .select-tab { float:right; height:25px } .comment_emo_list{padding:0;margin:0 0 15px;clear:both;float:left}.comment_emo_list .item{float:left;text-align:center;height:55px;width:55px;margin:0;padding:10px 0 15px;border-radius:50px}.comment_emo_list .item:hover{background:#eee}.comment_emo_list .item:hover{color:#00bcd4}.comment_emo_list span{display:block;font-weight:500;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:0;color:#c7c7c7;transition:.33s}img.comment_emo{width:23px;height:23px;pointer-events:none;-webkit-user-select:none}.comment-replybox-single .item,.comment-replybox-thread .item{width:53px}.comment_emo_list span{-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all;-ms-user-select:all;-o-user-select:all;} .btn{list-style:none;text-align:center;margin:10px!important;padding:10px!important;font-size:14px;clear:both;display:inline-block;text-decoration:none!important;color:#FFF!important} .btn ul {margin:0;padding:0} .btn li{display:inline;margin:5px;padding:0;list-style:none;} .demo,.download{padding:12px 15px!important;color:#fff!important;font-weight:700;font-size:14px;font-family:Open Sans,sans-serif;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;border-radius:3px;opacity:.95;border:0;letter-spacing:2px;transition:all .2s ease-out} .demo {background-color:#3498DB;} .download {background-color:#1ABC84;} .demo:hover {background-color:#60B8F4;color:#fff;border-bottom:2px solid #3498DB; opacity:1;} .download:hover {background-color:#49DDAA;color:#fff;border-bottom:2px solid #1ABC84;opacity:1;} .demo:before {content:'\f09a';display:inline-block;font-weight:normal;vertical-align:top;margin-right:10px;width:16px;height:16px;line-height:24px;font-family:fontawesome;transition:all 0.5s ease-out;} .download:before {content:'\f019';display:inline-block;font-weight:normal;vertical-align:top;margin-right:10px;width:16px;height:16px;line-height:24px;font-family:fontawesome;transition:all 0.5s ease-out;} .comments .thanks-comment{position:relative;margin:10px 0;padding-left:40px;font-style:italic;font-size:16px;quotes:"\201C""\201D""\2018""\2019"} .comments .thanks-comment:before{content:open-quote;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;margin-top:15px;font-size:4em;color:#00bcd4} .smoothscroll-top { position:fixed; opacity:0; visibility:hidden; overflow:hidden; text-align:center; z-index:99; background-color:#00bcd4; color:#fff; width:47px; height:44px; line-height:44px; right:25px; bottom:-25px; padding-top:2px; border-radius:5px; transition:all 0.5s ease-in-out; transition-delay:0.2s; } .smoothscroll-top:hover { background-color:#00bcd4; color:#fff; transition:all 0.2s ease-in-out; transition-delay:0s; } .smoothscroll-top.show { visibility:visible; cursor:pointer; opacity:1; bottom:25px; } .smoothscroll-top i.fa { line-height:inherit; } .diino-author-box { border:1px solid #aaa; background:#222; overflow:hidden; padding:10px; margin:15px 0 } .diino-author-box img { float:left; margin-right:10px; border-radius:3px; height:110px } .diino-author-box p { padding:0 10px 10px; -webkit-margin-before:0; -webkit-margin-after:0 } .diino-author-box b { font-weight:700; font-style:normal; font-size:20px } .diino-social{border-bottom:0}.diino-social{padding:0 10px 10px}.diino-social a{font-size:12px;speak:none;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;padding:7px;display:inline-block;background:#f5f5f5;color:#fff;width:24px;height:24px;border-radius:2px}.diino-social a:hover{background:#00bcd4} @media (max-width: 600px) { .post-ads { width: 100%; } .post-right { margin-left: 0 !important; width: 100%; float: left; } }.post-right { margin: 0 0 0 310px; padding: 0 0 10px } .post-ads { float: left; margin: 0 10px 10px 0; position: relative } p.post-excerpt { margin: 0; padding: 10px; background-color: #ECF0F1; font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.5em; color: #09f }#related-posts { margin: 10px 0 } #related-posts ul li { list-style-type: none; color: #00bcd4; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; max-height: 22px; overflow: hidden } #related-posts ul li a { color: #00bcd4 } #related-posts ul li a:hover { color: #00bcd4 } #related-posts h4 { color: #00bcd4; border-bottom: 1px dashed #00bcd4; padding: 5px 0; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 5px } #related-posts ul { margin-left: 0; padding: 0 } #related-posts .fa { margin-left: 5px } #related-posts ul li a:before { content: "\f046"; font-family: 'FontAwesome'; color: #00bcd4; padding-left: 5px } #related-posts1 ul li:before { display: none; } div#bsw_bg_m_top { width: 1150px; position: relative; padding: 15px 0 5px 0; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; text-align: left; } .post-widget li{display: inline-block;} .menu ul li a,.home-icon{border: 0!important;} .comment_emo_list{padding:0;margin:0 0 15px;clear:both;float:left}.comment_emo_list .item{float:left;text-align:center;height:55px;width:55px;margin:0;padding:10px 0 15px}.comment_emo_list .item:hover{background:#eee}.comment_emo_list .item:hover{color:#00bcd4}.comment_emo_list span{display:block;font-weight:500;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:0;color:#c7c7c7;transition:.33s}img.comment_emo{width:23px;height:23px;pointer-events:none;-webkit-user-select:none}.comment-replybox-single .item,.comment-replybox-thread .item{width:53px}.comment_emo_list span{-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all;-ms-user-select:all;-o-user-select:all;} #entry-header{display: block; color: #555; font: 400 17px Roboto; overflow: hidden; margin: 8px 0; padding: 4px 20px; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; border-right: 4px solid #00bcd4;border-bottom: 2px solid #00bcd4} #entry-header a{font:400 17px Roboto;color:#666} #entry-header{margin-top:10px;padding:10px 0 0 0;border-bottom:2px solid #00bcd4;border-bottom:0} .alert-message{position:relative;display:block;background-color:#FAFAFA;padding:20px;margin:20px 0;-webkit-border-radius:2px;-moz-border-radius:2px;border-radius:2px;color:#2f3239;border:1px solid} .alert-message p{margin:0!important;padding:0;line-height:22px;font-size:13px;color:#2f3239} .alert-message span{font-size:14px!important} .alert-message i{font-size:16px;line-height:20px} .alert-message.success{background-color:#f1f9f7;border-color:#e0f1e9;color:#1d9d74} .alert-message.success a,.alert-message.success span{color:#1d9d74} .alert-message.alert{background-color:#DAEFFF;border-color:#8ED2FF;color:#378FFF} .alert-message.alert a,.alert-message.alert span{color:#378FFF} .alert-message.warning{background-color:#fcf8e3;border-color:#faebcc;color:#8a6d3b} .alert-message.warning a,.alert-message.warning span{color:#8a6d3b} .alert-message.error{background-color:#FFD7D2;border-color:#FF9494;color:#F55D5D} .alert-message.error a,.alert-message.error span{color:#F55D5D} ul.list-khwtht.clearfix{margin-top: 25px;} #related-posts{margin:10px 0;border:1px solid #eee;padding:10px;margin-top:10px}#related-posts ul li{text-overflow: ellipsis;white-space: nowrap;margin-right: 10px;list-style-type:none;font-size:14px;line-height:14px;overflow:hidden}#related-posts ul li a{color:#222}#related-posts ul li a:hover{color:#00bcd4}#related-posts ul{margin-left:0;padding:0;-webkit-columns:2;-moz-columns:2;columns:2;}#related-posts .fa{margin-right:5px}#related-posts ul li a:before{content:"\f006";font-family:'FontAwesome';color:#00bcd4;padding-right:5px}#related-posts ul li a:hover:before{content:"\f005"} #tienich{display:none} #tienich:target{background:overlay;display:block;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;margin:0;z-index:99999;transition:all .2s} a.close{z-index:9999;position:absolute;top:0;right:0;font-weight:700;font-size:25px;line-height:50px;color:#222;background:#fff;width:50px;height:50px;text-align:center;display:block} a.close:hover{transform:rotate(90deg)} label ul{background:#222;z-index:999;width:700px;max-width:100%;position:fixed;top:50%;left:50%;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);-webkit-transition:.5s ease-in-out;margin:10px} label ul li {list-style: none; width: 45%; float: left;} label a{padding:10px;margin-right:10px; display: block; color: #fff; font-size:20px; font-weight:600; text-transform: capitalize; text-decoration: none; text-align: left;transition:1s ease-out} label a:hover,label a:focus{color:#fff} label ul li img {position:relative;top:5px;margin:0 6px 0 0;width:25px;height:25px;border-radius:100%} @media screen and (max-width: 640px){ label ul{margin:0} label ul li {list-style: none; width: 75%; float: left;} label a{margin:0 0 0 10%} } /* CSS Pre Code Highlighter */ pre { padding: 50px 10px 10px 10px; margin: .5em 0; white-space: pre; word-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto; background-color: #2c323c; position: relative; border-radius: 4px; max-height: 500px; } pre::before { font-size: 16px; content: attr(title); position: absolute; top: 0; background-color: #eee; padding: 10px; left: 0; right: 0; color: #fff; text-transform: uppercase; display: block; margin: 0 0 15px 0; font-weight: bold; } pre::after { content: 'Double click to selection'; padding: 2px 10px; width: auto; height: auto; position: absolute; right: 8px; top: 8px; color: #fff; line-height: 20px; transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out; } pre:hover::after { opacity: 0; top: -8px; visibility: visible; } code { font-family: Consolas,Monaco,' Andale Mono','Courier New',Courier,Monospace; line-height: 16px; color: #88a9ad; background-color: transparent; padding: 1px 2px; font-size: 12px; } pre code { display: block; background: none; border: none; color: #e9e9e9; direction: ltr; text-align: left; word-spacing: normal; padding: 0 0; font-weight: bold; } code .token.punctuation { color: #ccc; } pre code .token.punctuation { color: #fafafa; } code .token.comment,code .token.prolog,code .token.doctype,code .token.cdata { color: #777; } code .namespace { opacity: .8; } code .token.property,code .token.tag,code .token.boolean,code .token.number { color: #e5dc56; } code .token.selector,code .token.attr-name,code .token.string { color: #88a9ad; } pre code .token.selector,pre code .token.attr-name { color: #fafafa; } pre code .token.string { color: #40ee46; } code .token.entity,code .token.url,pre .language-css .token.string,pre .style .token.string { color: #ccc; } code .token.operator { color: #1887dd; } code .token.atrule,code .token.attr-value { color: #009999; } pre code .token.atrule,pre code .token.attr-value { color: #1baeb0; } code .token.keyword { color: #e13200; font-style: italic; } code .token.comment { font-style: italic; } code .token.regex { color: #ccc; } code .token.important { font-weight: bold; } code .token.entity { cursor: help; } pre mark { background-color: #ea4f4e!important; color: #fff!important; padding: 2px; border-radius: 2px; } code mark { background-color: #ea4f4e!important; color: #fff!important; padding: 2px; border-radius: 2px; } pre code mark { background-color: #ea4f4e!important; color: #fff!important; padding: 2px; border-radius: 2px; } .comments pre { padding: 10px 10px 15px 10px; background: #2c323c; } .comments pre::before { content: 'Code'; font-size: 13px; position: relative; top: 0; background-color: #f56954; padding: 3px 10px; left: 0; right: 0; color: #fff; text-transform: uppercase; display: inline-block; margin: 0 0 10px 0; font-weight: bold; border-radius: 4px; border: none; } .comments pre::after { font-size: 11px; } .comments pre code { color: #eee; } .comments pre.line-numbers { padding-left: 10px; } pre.line-numbers { position: relative; padding-left: 3.0em; counter-reset: linenumber; } pre.line-numbers > code { position: relative; } .line-numbers .line-numbers-rows { height: 100%; position: absolute; pointer-events: none; top: 0; font-size: 100%; left: -3.5em; width: 3em; -webkit-user-select: none; -moz-user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none; padding: 0; } .line-numbers-rows > span { pointer-events: none; display: block; counter-increment: linenumber; } .line-numbers-rows > span:before { content: counter(linenumber); color: #999; display: block; padding-right: 0.8em; text-align: right; transition: 350ms; } pre[data-codetype='CSS']:before { background-color: #00a1d6; } pre[data-codetype='HTML']:before { background-color: #3cc888; } pre[data-codetype='JavaScript']:before { background-color: #75d6d0; } pre[data-codetype='JQuery']:before { background-color: #e5b460; } pre { user-select: all; -webkit-user-select: all; -moz-user-select: all; } /* Social Media */ #socialcounter{overflow:hidden;margin:0 0 20px 0} #socialcounter h2 {margin:0 0 10px 0;} #socialcounter ul{margin:0} #socialcounter ul a{color:#fff} #socialcounter ul li.social_item-wrapper{float:left;width:48%;text-align:center;margin:0 4% 10px 0;color:#fff} #socialcounter ul li a.social_item{position:relative;display:block;opacity:.9;height:50px;line-height:50px;overflow:hidden} #socialcounter ul li.social_item-wrapper:nth-child(2n+2){margin:0} .social_icon{float:left;line-height:50px;width:41px;font-size:1.3rem} #socialcounter ul li a.social_item.social_facebook{background:#3F5B9B} .fa-facebook.social_icon{background:#2E4372} #socialcounter ul li.social_item-wrapper:hover .fa-facebook.social_icon{background:#3F5B9B} #socialcounter ul li.social_item-wrapper:hover .social_facebook{background:#2E4372} #socialcounter ul li a.social_item.social_twitter{background:#1C97DE} .fa-twitter.social_icon{background:#1571A5} #socialcounter ul li.social_item-wrapper:hover .fa-twitter.social_icon{background:#1C97DE} #socialcounter ul li.social_item-wrapper:hover .social_twitter{background:#1571A5} #socialcounter ul li a.social_item.social_rss{background:#E86321} .fa-user-plus.social_icon{background:#C2521B} #socialcounter ul li.social_item-wrapper:hover .fa-user-plus.social_icon{background:#E86321} #socialcounter ul li.social_item-wrapper:hover .social_rss{background:#C2521B} #socialcounter ul li a.social_item.social_google-plus{background:#E82C2C} .fa-google-plus.social_icon{background:#BF2424} #socialcounter ul li.social_item-wrapper:hover .fa-google-plus.social_icon{background:#E82C2C} #socialcounter ul li.social_item-wrapper:hover .social_google-plus{background:#BF2424} /* Widget Rekomendasi */ #chslidingbox{background:#fff;width:100%;max-width:355px;height:185px;position:fixed;overflow:hidden;border:none;right:-360px;z-index:99;text-align:left;box-shadow:0 1px 0 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.03);transition:all .4s ease-out} .chslidingbox-title{background:#9eb2c0;color:#fff;display:block;height:45px;line-height:45px;width:100%;font-size:14px;text-transform:capitalize;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.5px} .chslidingbox-title span a{font-family:initial;float:right;height:40px;margin:0 0 0 15px;text-align:center;color:#fff;font-size:20px} a#chslidingbox-close,a#chslidingbox-close{margin-right:15px} .chslidingbox-title >span >h2{font-size:20px!important;font-weight:normal!important} .chslidingbox-container{border:none;float:left;width:100%;height:auto;margin:3px} .chslidingbox-container >div{border:none;margin:3px 0;padding:10px 0} .chslidingbox-container >div >span{font-size:14px} .show{bottom:84px} .hide{bottom:-145px} .related-post{font-size:70%} .related-post h4{font-size:150%;margin:0 0 .5em} .related-post-style-2{margin-top:-20px;padding-top:15px;list-style:none} .related-post-style-2 li{padding:0 10px 10px 10px;overflow:hidden} .related-post-style-2 li:first-child{border-top:none} .related-post-style-2 .related-post-item-thumbnail{width:45px;height:45px;max-width:none;max-height:none;border:0;padding:0;border-radius:3px;float:left;margin:2px 10px 0 0} .related-post-style-2 .related-post-item-title{font-weight:700;font-size:130%;line-height:normal} a.related-post-item-title{color:#95a5a6;transition:all .4s ease-out} a:hover.related-post-item-title{color:#2ecc71;text-decoration:none} .related-post-style-2 .related-post-item-summary{display:block;overflow:hidden} #search-icon{position:relative;float:right;display:inline-block;width:46px;height:46px;z-index:20;color:#fff;font-size:18px;line-height:46px;text-align:right;cursor:pointer;margin:0;padding:0;transition:color .3s;text-align: center;} #search-icon:hover{opacity:.6} #search-icon:before{content:"\f002";display:inline-block;font:normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;font-size:inherit;text-rendering:auto;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale} #nav-search{position:absolute;right:0;top:53px;z-index:50;display:none;width:302px;height:74px;background-color:#333;transition:all 0s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0s ease;-moz-transition:all 0s ease;-o-transition:all 0s ease} .deco-line{position:absolute;left:0;top:-1px;display:block;width:100%;height:3px;background-color:#00bcd4} .arrow-up{position:absolute;top:-7px;right:17px;width:0;height:0;border-left:7px solid transparent;border-right:7px solid transparent;border-bottom:7px solid #00bcd4} #nav-search #searchform{width:262px;position:absolute;left:20px;top:20px} #searchform{position:relative;height:36px;overflow:hidden} #nav-search #s{width:166px} #s{position:relative;height:34px;padding-left:12px;padding-right:82px;border:1px solid #383838;background:rgba(0,0,0,.2);font-size:13px;color:#eee} #s:focus{color:#fff;outline:none} #searchsubmit{position:absolute;right:2px;top:2px;height:32px;padding:0 10px;color:#fff;background-color:#00bcd4;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;border:none;cursor:pointer;transition:background .3s} #searchsubmit:hover{background-color:#383838} /* Subscribe box by bacsiwindows.com */ #subscribe_box-bsw{background:#d66055;margin:0 0 10px;padding:0 0 10px;} #subscribe_box-bsw h2{padding:10px;margin:0;font:400 20px Roboto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;color:#fff;background:rgba(0,0,0,.12);} #subscribe_box-bsw p{margin:0;padding:15px;text-align:center;letter-spacing:-.35px;color:#f4f4f4;} .u-subscribe-box-bsw{font:400 16px Roboto;transition:.35s;outline:0;background:#fff url(https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-WCZ--t5TFbk/WQyAIDz4BjI/AAAAAAAAASg/NyYU5QRk4QIUaa93HvIkWrD9CzIozATiwCLcB/s16/username-icon------bacsiwindows-com.png) no-repeat 7px 48%;color:#444;padding:10px 15px 10px 30px;display:block;border:0;width:80%;box-sizing:border-box;margin:0 auto 10px;} .u-subscribe-box-bsw:focus,.e-subscribe-box-bsw:focus{;} .e-subscribe-box-bsw{font:400 16px Roboto;transition:.35s;outline:0;background:#fff url(https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-DAZhj75tYCs/WQyAIMeTjgI/AAAAAAAAASk/desjuq5r1xkNeRIk9PBcDsLYRLyGkzV6ACLcB/s16/email-icon------------bacsiwindows-com.png) no-repeat 7px 48%;color:#444;padding:10px 15px 10px 30px;display:block;border:0;width:80%;box-sizing:border-box;margin:auto;} .s-subscribe-box-bsw{cursor:pointer;border:0;outline:0;display:block;color:#fff;text-decoration:none;background:rgba(6,6,6,0.15);width:40%;margin:20px auto 10px;padding:10px 15px;font:400 16px Roboto;letter-spacing:0;transition:.35s;border-radius:5px;} .s-subscribe-box-bsw:hover{background:rgba(6,6,6,0.25);} /* About Us */ .boxinner{z-index:99;width:100%;height:575px;position:absolute;left:50%;margin-left:-310px;top:70px} .contentbox{position:absolute;background-color:#fff;top:30px;right:0;left:0;bottom:0;box-shadow:0 1px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.1)} headbanger{background:#ff675c;height:70px;width:100%;position:inherit} #textlogo{background:rgba(0,0,0,0.1);color:#fff;line-height:70px;text-align:center;font-size:200%;position:inherit;width:68.5%;box-sizing:initial} #left{background:#fff;color:#666;top:70px;bottom:0;right:0;padding:20px 0 0 0;width:200px;position:inherit} #left a{color:#888;transition:initial;}#left a:hover{color:#fff;} #left i {margin:0 10px 0 0} .taber1,.taber2,.taber3,.taber4,.taber5,.taber6,.taber7{cursor:pointer;padding:15px;color:#888;} .taber1:hover{background:#ff6733;color:#fff}.taber2:hover{background:#e74c3c;color:#fff}.taber3:hover{background:#2980b9;color:#fff}.taber4:hover{background:#27C9E9;color:#fff}.taber5:hover{background:#3ca9d0;color:#fff} .taber6:hover{background:#383838;color:#fff}.taber7:hover{background:#f39c12;color:#fff} #left .taber1:hover a,#left .taber2:hover a,#left .taber3:hover a,#left .taber4:hover a,#left .taber5:hover a,#left .taber6:hover a,#left .taber7:hover a{color:#fff} #aboutus{background:#fafafa;width:62.2%;padding:20px 20px 40px 20px;color:#444;text-align:left;position:inherit;float:left;line-height:normal} #aboutus img{margin:10px auto 0 auto;display:table;border-radius:100%;max-width:140px;box-shadow:0 0 0 5px rgba(0,0,0,.03)} .scrollbarbox{overflow:hidden;text-align:justify;margin:55px 0 0 0} .scrollbarbox .innerone{height:480px;overflow:auto} #popup{display:none;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transform:scale(1.1);-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;z-index:1003;transition:transform .6s cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1.275),opacity .3s,visibility .3s} #popup:target{display:block;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;margin:0;z-index:999;opacity:1;visibility:visible;margin:auto;transform:scale(1.0);} .popup-container{position:relative;margin:0 auto;padding:20px} a.popup-close{position:absolute;border-radius:50px;right:20px;line-height:50px;margin:0 auto;font-size:16px;text-decoration:none;color:rgba(0,0,0,0.2);font-family:fontawesome} a.popup-close:hover{color:rgba(0,0,0,0.6);} .totalposts{margin:auto;display:table;text-align:center} .totalposts .totalnumber{display:inline;font-weight:700;font-size:300%;color:#aaa} .totalposts .totallabel{display:block;color:#aaa;font-weight:700} li.infoarlina{border:0;} li.infoarlina a{background:#ff675c;color:#fff;display:block;margin:16px 0;padding:4px 8px;border-radius:3px;font-size:90%;font-weight:700;transition:background-color .3s;margin-left:100px} li.infoarlina a:hover{background:#e4554b;color:#fff;} @media (min-width:768px){.popup-container{width:600px}} @media (max-width:767px){.popup-container{width:100%}} .socmt h3{ text-transform: uppercase;font-size: 19px;margin: 0;color: #4b4b4b;padding: 10px;position: relative;overflow: hidden;} /* CSS Popular Posts */ .PopularPosts ul{background:#fff;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;overflow:hidden;border-radius:0 0 5px 5px;border-top:none} .PopularPosts li,.PopularPosts li img,.PopularPosts li a,.PopularPosts li a img{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;border:none;background:none;outline:none} .PopularPosts ul{margin:0;list-style:none;color:#222} .PopularPosts ul li img{display:block;margin:0 10px 0 0;width:62px;height:62px;border:1px solid #f5f5f5;overflow:hidden;float:right;border-radius:5px!important} .PopularPosts ul li{background-color:#fff;margin:0;padding:10px 0;padding-right:5px;position:relative;border-bottom:1px solid #f5f5f5;transition:all .3s} .PopularPosts ul li:first-child{border-top:none} .PopularPosts ul li:last-child{border-bottom:none} .PopularPosts ul li a:hover{color:#0181d8!important} .PopularPosts ul li .item-title a,.PopularPosts ul li a{color: #444; font-size: 15px; font-family: 'Roboto',sans-serif; font-weight: 500; transition: all .3s;} .PopularPosts .widget-content ul li:hover a,.PopularPosts .widget-content ul li a:hover{color:#0181d8} .PopularPosts .item-thumbnail{margin:0} .PopularPosts .item-snippet{display:none} .profile-img{display:inline;opacity:1;margin:0 6px 3px 0} .PopularPosts .item-title{padding-bottom:.2em;padding:0 5px} #flippy { text-align: center; } #flippy button { background: #aa65c7; color: #fff; text-align: center; margin: 0 auto; border: none; border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 16px; margin: 10px auto; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; box-shadow: 0px 3px 0px 0px #883da7; vertical-align: middle; cursor: pointer; text-shadow: 0 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); transition: background 0.1s ease-in-out; } #flippy button:hover, #flippy button:focus { background: #9e4fbf; outline: none; } #flippanel { padding: 1px; text-align: left; background: #f5f5f5; border: 0px; } #flippanel { padding: 24px; display: none; }

A small demo of how to use iframe as a way to navigate your browser.

demo code for iframes demo at codemash

Wraps your mobile web app in an iFrame and 'mobile phone' for fast demoing.

A custom element to make sure demos run in their own window and not embedded as an iframe.

Demo showing how you can detect if a user has authenticated your script before trying to load it in a cross-origin iframe.

Demo app showing how to use Postmate to embedd and communicate with an BabylonJS app injected into an IFRAME of the parent web app

selenium的一个demo，里面包含selenium账户登录，表单填写，iframe子页面元素获取，当前页面元素获取，网页截图功能演示等

Experiments with iframes and demos

use iframe to show baidumap in odoo，odoo url访问百度map demo，可通过qweb iframe集成至widget中

Create and pay orders through IFrame and Hosted Payment Page Demo