Notebooks and code for the book "Introduction to Machine Learning with Python"

Introduction to ML packages for the 6.86x course

Material for "ML Introduction to ndarray" workshop at RustFest 2019.

What is C#? C# is pronounced "C-Sharp". It is an object-oriented programming language created by Microsoft that runs on the .NET Framework. C# has roots from the C family, and the language is close to other popular languages like C++ and Java. The first version was released in year 2002. The latest version, C# 8, was released in September 2019. C# is a modern object-oriented programming language developed in 2000 by Anders Hejlsberg, the principal designer and lead architect at Microsoft. It is pronounced as "C-Sharp," inspired by the musical notation “♯” which stands for a note with a slightly higher pitch. As it’s considered an incremental compilation of the C++ language, the name C “sharp” seemed most appropriate. The sharp symbol, however, has been replaced by the keyboard friendly “#” as a suffix to “C” for purposes of programming. Although the code is very similar to C++, C# is newer and has grown fast with extensive support from Microsoft. The fact that it’s so similar to Java syntactically helps explain why it has emerged as one of the most popular programming languages today. C# is pronounced "C-Sharp". It is an object-oriented programming language created by Microsoft that runs on the .NET Framework. C# has roots from the C family, and the language is close to other popular languages like C++ and Java. The first version was released in year 2002. The latest version, C# 8, was released in September 2019. C# is used for: Mobile applications Desktop applications Web applications Web services Web sites Games VR Database applications And much, much more! An Introduction to C# Programming C# is a general-purpose, object-oriented programming language that is structured and easy to learn. It runs on Microsoft’s .Net Framework and can be compiled on a variety of computer platforms. As the syntax is simple and easy to learn, developers familiar with C, C++, or Java have found a comfort zone within C#. C# is a boon for developers who want to build a wide range of applications on the .NET Framework—Windows applications, Web applications, and Web services—in addition to building mobile apps, Windows Store apps, and enterprise software. It is thus considered a powerful programming language and features in every developer’s cache of tools. Although first released in 2002, when it was introduced with .NET Framework 1.0, the C# language has evolved a great deal since then. The most recent version is C# 8.0, available in preview as part of Visual Studio. To get access to all of the new language features, you would need to install the latest preview version of .NET Core 3.0. C# is used for: Mobile applications Desktop applications Web applications Web services Web sites Games VR Database applications And much, much more! Why Use C#? It is one of the most popular programming language in the world It is easy to learn and simple to use It has a huge community support C# is an object oriented language which gives a clear structure to programs and allows code to be reused, lowering development costs. As C# is close to C, C++ and Java, it makes it easy for programmers to switch to C# or vice versa. The C# Environment You need the .NET Framework and an IDE (integrated development environment) to work with the C# language. The .NET Framework The .NET Framework platform of the Windows OS is required to write web and desktop-based applications using not only C# but also Visual Basic and Jscript, as the platform provides language interoperability. Besides, the .Net Framework allows C# to communicate with any of the other common languages, such as C++, Jscript, COBOL, and so on. IDEs Microsoft provides various IDEs for C# programming: Visual Studio 2010 (VS) Visual Studio Express Visual Web Developer Visual Studio Code (VSC) The C# source code files can be written using a basic text editor, like Notepad, and compiled using the command-line compiler of the .NET Framework. Alternative open-source versions of the .Net Framework can work on other operating systems as well. For instance, the Mono has a C# compiler and runs on several operating systems, including Linux, Mac, Android, BSD, iOS, Windows, Solaris, and UNIX. This brings enhanced development tools to the developer. As C# is part of the .Net Framework platform, it has access to its enormous library of codes and components, such as Common Language Runtime (CLR), the .Net Framework Class Library, Common Language Specification, Common Type System, Metadata and Assemblies, Windows Forms, ASP.Net and ASP.Net AJAX, Windows Workflow Foundation (WF), Windows Communication Foundation (WCF), and LINQ. C# and Java C# and Java are high-level programming languages that share several similarities (as well as many differences). They are both object-oriented languages much influenced by C++. But while C# is suitable for application development in the Microsoft ecosystem from the front, Java is considered best for client-side web applications. Also, while C# has many tools for programming, Java has a larger arsenal of tools to choose from in IDEs and Text Editors. C# is used for virtual reality projects like games, mobile, and web applications. It is built specifically for Microsoft platforms and several non-Microsoft-based operating systems, like the Mono Project that works with Linux and OS X. Java is used for creating messaging applications and developing web-based and enterprise-based applications in open-source ecosystems. Both C# and Java support arrays. However, each language uses them differently. In C#, arrays are a specialization of the system; in Java, they are a direct specialization of the object. The C# programming language executes on the CLR. The source code is interpreted into bytecode, which is further compiled by the CLR. Java runs on any platform with the assistance of JRE (Java Runtime Environment). The written source code is first compiled into bytecode and then converted into machine code to be executed on a JRE. C# and C++ Although C# and C++ are both C-based languages with similar code, there are some differences. For one, C# is considered a component-oriented programming language, while C++ is a partial object-oriented language. Also, while both languages are compiled languages, C# compiles to CLR and is interpreted by.NET, but C++ compiles to machine code. The size of binaries in C# is much larger than in C++. Other differences between the two include the following: C# gives compiler errors and warnings, but C++ doesn’t support warnings, which may cause damage to the OS. C# runs in a virtual machine for automatic memory management. C++ requires you to manage memory manually. C# can create Windows, .NET, web, desktop, and mobile applications, but not stand-alone apps. C++ can create server-side, stand-alone, and console applications as it can work directly with the hardware. C++ can be used on any platform, while C# is targeted toward Windows OS. Generally, C++ being faster than C#, the former is preferred for applications where performance is essential. Features of C# The C# programming language has many features that make it more useful and unique when compared to other languages, including: Object-oriented language Being object-oriented, C# allows the creation of modular applications and reusable codes, an advantage over C++. As an object-oriented language, C# makes development and maintenance easier when project size grows. It supports all three object-oriented features: data encapsulation, inheritance, interfaces, and polymorphism. Simplicity C# is a simple language with a structured approach to problem-solving. Unsafe operations, like direct memory manipulation, are not allowed. Speed The compilation and execution time in C# is very powerful and fast. A Modern programming language C# programming is used for building scalable and interoperable applications with support for modern features like automatic garbage collection, error handling, debugging, and robust security. It has built-in support for a web service to be invoked from any app running on any platform. Type-safe Arrays and objects are zero base indexed and bound checked. There is an automatic checking of the overflow of types. The C# type safety instances support robust programming. Interoperability Language interoperability of C# maximizes code reuse for the efficiency of the development process. C# programs can work upon almost anything as a program can call out any native API. Consistency Its unified type system enables developers to extend the type system simply and easily for consistent behavior. Updateable C# is automatically updateable. Its versioning support enables complex frameworks to be developed and evolved. Component oriented C# supports component-oriented programming through the concepts of properties, methods, events, and attributes for self-contained and self-describing components of functionality for robust and scalable applications. Structured Programming Language The structured design and modularization in C# break a problem into parts, using functions for easy implementation to solve significant problems. Rich Library C# has a standard library with many inbuilt functions for easy and fast development. Prerequisites for Learning C# Basic knowledge of C or C++ or any programming language or programming fundamentals. Additionally, the OOP concept makes for a short learning curve of C#. Advantages of C# There are many advantages to the C# language that makes it a useful programming language compared to other languages like Java, C, or C++. These include: Being an object-oriented language, C# allows you to create modular, maintainable applications and reusable codes Familiar syntax Easy to develop as it has a rich class of libraries for smooth implementation of functions Enhanced integration as an application written in .NET will integrate and interpret better when compared to other NET technologies As C# runs on CLR, it makes it easy to integrate with components written in other languages It’s safe, with no data loss as there is no type-conversion so that you can write secure codes The automatic garbage collection keeps the system clean and doesn’t hang it during execution As your machine has to install the .NET Framework to run C#, it supports cross-platform Strong memory backup prevents memory leakage Programming support of the Microsoft ecosystem makes development easy and seamless Low maintenance cost, as C# can develop iOS, Android, and Windows Phone native apps The syntax is similar to C, C++, and Java, which makes it easier to learn and work with C# Useful as it can develop iOS, Android, and Windows Phone native apps with the Xamarin Framework C# is the most powerful programming language for the .NET Framework Fast development as C# is open source steered by Microsoft with access to open source projects and tools on Github, and many active communities contributing to the improvement What Can C Sharp Do for You? C# can be used to develop a wide range of: Windows client applications Windows libraries and components Windows services Web applications Native iOS and Android mobile apps Azure cloud applications and services Gaming consoles and gaming systems Video and virtual reality games Interoperability software like SharePoint Enterprise software Backend services and database programs AI and ML applications Distributed applications Hardware-level programming Virus and malware software GUI-based applications IoT devices Blockchain and distributed ledger technology C# Programming for Beginners: Introduction, Features and Applications By Simplilearn Last updated on Jan 20, 2020674 C# Programming for Beginners As a programmer, you’re motivated to master the most popular languages that will give you an edge in your career. There’s a vast number of programming languages that you can learn, but how do you know which is the most useful? If you know C and C++, do you need to learn C# as well? How similar is C# to Java? Does it become more comfortable for you to learn C# if you already know Java? Every developer and wannabe programmer asks these types of questions. So let us explore C# programming: how it evolved as an extension of C and why you need to learn it as a part of the Master’s Program in integrated DevOps for server-side execution. Are you a web developer or someone interested to build a website? Enroll for the Javascript Certification Training. Check out the course preview now! What is C#? C# is a modern object-oriented programming language developed in 2000 by Anders Hejlsberg, the principal designer and lead architect at Microsoft. It is pronounced as "C-Sharp," inspired by the musical notation “♯” which stands for a note with a slightly higher pitch. As it’s considered an incremental compilation of the C++ language, the name C “sharp” seemed most appropriate. The sharp symbol, however, has been replaced by the keyboard friendly “#” as a suffix to “C” for purposes of programming. Although the code is very similar to C++, C# is newer and has grown fast with extensive support from Microsoft. The fact that it’s so similar to Java syntactically helps explain why it has emerged as one of the most popular programming languages today. An Introduction to C# Programming C# is a general-purpose, object-oriented programming language that is structured and easy to learn. It runs on Microsoft’s .Net Framework and can be compiled on a variety of computer platforms. As the syntax is simple and easy to learn, developers familiar with C, C++, or Java have found a comfort zone within C#. C# is a boon for developers who want to build a wide range of applications on the .NET Framework—Windows applications, Web applications, and Web services—in addition to building mobile apps, Windows Store apps, and enterprise software. It is thus considered a powerful programming language and features in every developer’s cache of tools. Although first released in 2002, when it was introduced with .NET Framework 1.0, the C# language has evolved a great deal since then. The most recent version is C# 8.0, available in preview as part of Visual Studio. To get access to all of the new language features, you would need to install the latest preview version of .NET Core 3.0. The C# Environment You need the .NET Framework and an IDE (integrated development environment) to work with the C# language. The .NET Framework The .NET Framework platform of the Windows OS is required to write web and desktop-based applications using not only C# but also Visual Basic and Jscript, as the platform provides language interoperability. Besides, the .Net Framework allows C# to communicate with any of the other common languages, such as C++, Jscript, COBOL, and so on. IDEs Microsoft provides various IDEs for C# programming: Visual Studio 2010 (VS) Visual Studio Express Visual Web Developer Visual Studio Code (VSC) The C# source code files can be written using a basic text editor, like Notepad, and compiled using the command-line compiler of the .NET Framework. Alternative open-source versions of the .Net Framework can work on other operating systems as well. For instance, the Mono has a C# compiler and runs on several operating systems, including Linux, Mac, Android, BSD, iOS, Windows, Solaris, and UNIX. This brings enhanced development tools to the developer. As C# is part of the .Net Framework platform, it has access to its enormous library of codes and components, such as Common Language Runtime (CLR), the .Net Framework Class Library, Common Language Specification, Common Type System, Metadata and Assemblies, Windows Forms, ASP.Net and ASP.Net AJAX, Windows Workflow Foundation (WF), Windows Communication Foundation (WCF), and LINQ. C# and Java C# and Java are high-level programming languages that share several similarities (as well as many differences). They are both object-oriented languages much influenced by C++. But while C# is suitable for application development in the Microsoft ecosystem from the front, Java is considered best for client-side web applications. Also, while C# has many tools for programming, Java has a larger arsenal of tools to choose from in IDEs and Text Editors. C# is used for virtual reality projects like games, mobile, and web applications. It is built specifically for Microsoft platforms and several non-Microsoft-based operating systems, like the Mono Project that works with Linux and OS X. Java is used for creating messaging applications and developing web-based and enterprise-based applications in open-source ecosystems. Both C# and Java support arrays. However, each language uses them differently. In C#, arrays are a specialization of the system; in Java, they are a direct specialization of the object. The C# programming language executes on the CLR. The source code is interpreted into bytecode, which is further compiled by the CLR. Java runs on any platform with the assistance of JRE (Java Runtime Environment). The written source code is first compiled into bytecode and then converted into machine code to be executed on a JRE. C# and C++ Although C# and C++ are both C-based languages with similar code, there are some differences. For one, C# is considered a component-oriented programming language, while C++ is a partial object-oriented language. Also, while both languages are compiled languages, C# compiles to CLR and is interpreted by.NET, but C++ compiles to machine code. The size of binaries in C# is much larger than in C++. Other differences between the two include the following: C# gives compiler errors and warnings, but C++ doesn’t support warnings, which may cause damage to the OS. C# runs in a virtual machine for automatic memory management. C++ requires you to manage memory manually. C# can create Windows, .NET, web, desktop, and mobile applications, but not stand-alone apps. C++ can create server-side, stand-alone, and console applications as it can work directly with the hardware. C++ can be used on any platform, while C# is targeted toward Windows OS. Generally, C++ being faster than C#, the former is preferred for applications where performance is essential. Features of C# The C# programming language has many features that make it more useful and unique when compared to other languages, including: Object-oriented language Being object-oriented, C# allows the creation of modular applications and reusable codes, an advantage over C++. As an object-oriented language, C# makes development and maintenance easier when project size grows. It supports all three object-oriented features: data encapsulation, inheritance, interfaces, and polymorphism. Simplicity C# is a simple language with a structured approach to problem-solving. Unsafe operations, like direct memory manipulation, are not allowed. Speed The compilation and execution time in C# is very powerful and fast. A Modern programming language C# programming is used for building scalable and interoperable applications with support for modern features like automatic garbage collection, error handling, debugging, and robust security. It has built-in support for a web service to be invoked from any app running on any platform. Type-safe Arrays and objects are zero base indexed and bound checked. There is an automatic checking of the overflow of types. The C# type safety instances support robust programming. Interoperability Language interoperability of C# maximizes code reuse for the efficiency of the development process. C# programs can work upon almost anything as a program can call out any native API. Consistency Its unified type system enables developers to extend the type system simply and easily for consistent behavior. Updateable C# is automatically updateable. Its versioning support enables complex frameworks to be developed and evolved. Component oriented C# supports component-oriented programming through the concepts of properties, methods, events, and attributes for self-contained and self-describing components of functionality for robust and scalable applications. Structured Programming Language The structured design and modularization in C# break a problem into parts, using functions for easy implementation to solve significant problems. Rich Library C# has a standard library with many inbuilt functions for easy and fast development. Full Stack Java Developer Course The Gateway to Master Web DevelopmentEXPLORE COURSEFull Stack Java Developer Course Prerequisites for Learning C# Basic knowledge of C or C++ or any programming language or programming fundamentals. Additionally, the OOP concept makes for a short learning curve of C#. Advantages of C# There are many advantages to the C# language that makes it a useful programming language compared to other languages like Java, C, or C++. These include: Being an object-oriented language, C# allows you to create modular, maintainable applications and reusable codes Familiar syntax Easy to develop as it has a rich class of libraries for smooth implementation of functions Enhanced integration as an application written in .NET will integrate and interpret better when compared to other NET technologies As C# runs on CLR, it makes it easy to integrate with components written in other languages It’s safe, with no data loss as there is no type-conversion so that you can write secure codes The automatic garbage collection keeps the system clean and doesn’t hang it during execution As your machine has to install the .NET Framework to run C#, it supports cross-platform Strong memory backup prevents memory leakage Programming support of the Microsoft ecosystem makes development easy and seamless Low maintenance cost, as C# can develop iOS, Android, and Windows Phone native apps The syntax is similar to C, C++, and Java, which makes it easier to learn and work with C# Useful as it can develop iOS, Android, and Windows Phone native apps with the Xamarin Framework C# is the most powerful programming language for the .NET Framework Fast development as C# is open source steered by Microsoft with access to open source projects and tools on Github, and many active communities contributing to the improvement What Can C Sharp Do for You? C# can be used to develop a wide range of: Windows client applications Windows libraries and components Windows services Web applications Native iOS and Android mobile apps Azure cloud applications and services Gaming consoles and gaming systems Video and virtual reality games Interoperability software like SharePoint Enterprise software Backend services and database programs AI and ML applications Distributed applications Hardware-level programming Virus and malware software GUI-based applications IoT devices Blockchain and distributed ledger technology Who Should Learn the C# Programming Language and Why? C# is one of the most popular programming languages as it can be used for a variety of applications: mobile apps, game development, and enterprise software. What’s more, the C# 8.0 version is packed with several new features and enhancements to the C# language that can change the way developers write their C# code. The most important new features available are ‘null reference types,’ enhanced ‘pattern matching,’ and ‘async streams’ that help you to write more reliable and readable code. As you’re exposed to the fundamental programming concepts of C# in this course, you can work on projects that open the doors for you as a Full Stack Java Developer. So, upskill and master the C# language for a faster career trajectory and salary scope.

Introduction to ML with R using tidymodels

Introduction to ML using Tensorflow

Introduction to Datascience and ML Studio

A mathematical and code introduction to the BFV Homomorphic Encryption scheme.

The original lightweight introduction to machine learning in Rubix ML using the famous Iris dataset and the K Nearest Neighbors classifier.

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href="tag_figcaption.asp">&lt;figcaption&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_figure.asp">&lt;figure&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_font.asp">&lt;font&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_footer.asp">&lt;footer&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_form.asp">&lt;form&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_frame.asp">&lt;frame&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_frameset.asp">&lt;frameset&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_hn.asp">&lt;h1&gt; - &lt;h6&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_head.asp">&lt;head&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_header.asp">&lt;header&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_hr.asp">&lt;hr&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_html.asp">&lt;html&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_i.asp">&lt;i&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_iframe.asp">&lt;iframe&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_img.asp">&lt;img&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_input.asp">&lt;input&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_ins.asp">&lt;ins&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_kbd.asp">&lt;kbd&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_label.asp">&lt;label&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_legend.asp">&lt;legend&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_li.asp">&lt;li&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_link.asp">&lt;link&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_main.asp">&lt;main&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_map.asp">&lt;map&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_mark.asp">&lt;mark&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_meta.asp">&lt;meta&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_meter.asp">&lt;meter&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_nav.asp">&lt;nav&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_noframes.asp">&lt;noframes&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_noscript.asp">&lt;noscript&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_object.asp">&lt;object&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_ol.asp">&lt;ol&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_optgroup.asp">&lt;optgroup&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_option.asp">&lt;option&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_output.asp">&lt;output&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_p.asp" class="active">&lt;p&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_param.asp">&lt;param&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_picture.asp">&lt;picture&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_pre.asp">&lt;pre&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_progress.asp">&lt;progress&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_q.asp">&lt;q&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_rp.asp">&lt;rp&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_rt.asp">&lt;rt&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_ruby.asp">&lt;ruby&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_s.asp">&lt;s&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_samp.asp">&lt;samp&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_script.asp">&lt;script&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_section.asp">&lt;section&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_select.asp">&lt;select&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_small.asp">&lt;small&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_source.asp">&lt;source&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_span.asp">&lt;span&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_strike.asp">&lt;strike&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_strong.asp">&lt;strong&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_style.asp">&lt;style&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_sub.asp">&lt;sub&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_summary.asp">&lt;summary&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_sup.asp">&lt;sup&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_svg.asp">&lt;svg&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_table.asp">&lt;table&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_tbody.asp">&lt;tbody&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_td.asp">&lt;td&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_template.asp">&lt;template&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_textarea.asp">&lt;textarea&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_tfoot.asp">&lt;tfoot&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_th.asp">&lt;th&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_thead.asp">&lt;thead&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_time.asp">&lt;time&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_title.asp">&lt;title&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_tr.asp">&lt;tr&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_track.asp">&lt;track&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_tt.asp">&lt;tt&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_u.asp">&lt;u&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_ul.asp">&lt;ul&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_var.asp">&lt;var&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_video.asp">&lt;video&gt;</a> <a target="_top" href="tag_wbr.asp">&lt;wbr&gt;</a> </div> <br><br> </div> </div> </div> <div class="w3-main w3-light-grey" id="belowtopnav" style="margin-left: 220px; padding-top: 44px;"> <div class="w3-row w3-white"> <div class="w3-col l10 m12" id="main"> <div id="mainLeaderboard" style="overflow:hidden;"> <!-- MainLeaderboard--> <!--<pre>main_leaderboard, all: [728,90][970,90][320,50][468,60]</pre>--> <div id="adngin-main_leaderboard-0" data-google-query-id="CJPA_sueqvcCFXiOSwUd2fYBLg"><div id="google_ads_iframe_/22152718,16833175/sws-hb//w3schools.com//main_leaderboard_1__container__" style="border: 0pt none;"><iframe id="google_ads_iframe_/22152718,16833175/sws-hb//w3schools.com//main_leaderboard_1" 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</div> <br> <div class="w3-example"> <h3>Example</h3> <p>A paragraph is marked up as follows:</p> <div class="w3-code notranslate htmlHigh"> <span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span>This is some text in a paragraph.<span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>/p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span> </div> <a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_paragraphs1" class="w3-btn w3-margin-bottom">Try it Yourself »</a> </div> <p>More "Try it Yourself" examples below.</p> <hr> <h2>Definition and Usage</h2> <p>The <code class="w3-codespan">&lt;p&gt;</code> tag defines a paragraph.</p> <p>Browsers automatically add a single blank line before and after each <code class="w3-codespan">&lt;p&gt;</code> element.</p> <p><strong>Tip:</strong> Use CSS to <a href="/html/html_css.asp">style paragraphs</a>.</p> <hr> <h2>Browser Support</h2> <table class="browserref notranslate"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:20%;font-size:16px;text-align:left;">Element</th> <th style="width:16%;" class="bsChrome" title="Chrome"></th> <th style="width:16%;" class="bsEdge" title="Internet Explorer / Edge"></th> <th style="width:16%;" class="bsFirefox" title="Firefox"></th> <th style="width:16%;" class="bsSafari" title="Safari"></th> <th style="width:16%;" class="bsOpera" title="Opera"></th> </tr><tr> <td style="text-align:left;">&lt;p&gt;</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Yes</td> <td>Yes</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <hr> <h2>Global Attributes</h2> <p>The <code class="w3-codespan">&lt;p&gt;</code> tag also supports the <a href="ref_standardattributes.asp">Global Attributes in HTML</a>.</p> <hr> <h2>Event Attributes</h2> <p>The <code class="w3-codespan">&lt;p&gt;</code> tag also supports the <a href="ref_eventattributes.asp">Event Attributes in HTML</a>.</p> <hr> <div id="midcontentadcontainer" style="overflow:auto;text-align:center"> <!-- MidContent --> <!-- <p class="adtext">Advertisement</p> --> <div id="adngin-mid_content-0" data-google-query-id="CKfs_8ueqvcCFXiOSwUd2fYBLg"><div id="sn_ad_label_adngin-mid_content-0" class="sn_ad_label" style="color:#000000;font-size:12px;margin:0;text-align:center;">ADVERTISEMENT</div><div id="google_ads_iframe_/22152718,16833175/sws-hb//w3schools.com//mid_content_1__container__" style="border: 0pt none; display: inline-block; width: 300px; height: 250px;"><iframe frameborder="0" src="https://56d0da6c34aaa471db22bb4266aac656.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-38/html/container.html" id="google_ads_iframe_/22152718,16833175/sws-hb//w3schools.com//mid_content_1" title="3rd party ad content" name="" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" width="300" height="250" data-is-safeframe="true" sandbox="allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation" role="region" aria-label="Advertisement" tabindex="0" data-google-container-id="8" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" data-load-complete="true"></iframe></div></div> </div> <hr> <h2>More Examples</h2> <div class="w3-example"> <h3>Example</h3> <p>Align text in a paragraph (with CSS):</p> <div class="w3-code notranslate htmlHigh"> <span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>p<span class="attributecolor" style="color:red"> style<span class="attributevaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue">="text-align:right"</span></span><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span>This is some text in a paragraph.<span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>/p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span> </div> <a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_p_align_css" class="w3-btn w3-margin-bottom">Try it Yourself »</a> </div> <div class="w3-example"> <h3>Example</h3> <p>Style paragraphs with CSS:</p> <div class="w3-code notranslate htmlHigh"> <span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>html<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>head<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>style<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><span class="cssselectorcolor" style="color:brown"><br>p <span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">{</span><span class="csspropertycolor" style="color:red"><br>&nbsp; color<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> navy<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br>&nbsp; text-indent<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> 30px<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br>&nbsp; text-transform<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> uppercase<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br></span><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">}</span><br></span><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>/style<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><br> <span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>/head<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>body<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><br><br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.<span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>/p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><br><br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>/body<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>/html<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span> </div> <a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_p_style_css" class="w3-btn w3-margin-bottom">Try it Yourself »</a> </div> <div class="w3-example"> <h3>Example</h3> <p>&nbsp;More on paragraphs:</p> <div class="w3-code notranslate htmlHigh"> <span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><br>This paragraph<br>contains a lot of lines<br>in the source code,<br> but the browser <br>ignores it.<br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>/p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span> </div> <a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_paragraphs2" class="w3-btn w3-margin-bottom">Try it Yourself »</a> </div> <div class="w3-example"> <h3>Example</h3> <p>Poem problems in HTML:</p> <div class="w3-code notranslate htmlHigh"> <span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span><br>My Bonnie lies over the ocean.<br>My Bonnie lies over the sea.<br>My Bonnie lies over the ocean.<br>Oh, bring back my Bonnie to me.<br><span class="tagnamecolor" style="color:brown"><span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&lt;</span>/p<span class="tagcolor" style="color:mediumblue">&gt;</span></span> </div> <a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_poem" class="w3-btn w3-margin-bottom">Try it Yourself »</a> </div> <hr> <h2>Related Pages</h2> <p>HTML tutorial: <a href="/html/html_paragraphs.asp">HTML Paragraphs</a></p> <p>HTML DOM reference: <a href="/jsref/dom_obj_paragraph.asp">Paragraph Object</a></p> <hr> <h2>Default CSS Settings</h2> <p>Most browsers will display the <code class="w3-codespan">&lt;p&gt;</code> element with the following default values:</p> <div class="w3-example"> <h3>Example</h3> <div class="w3-code notranslate cssHigh"><span class="cssselectorcolor" style="color:brown"> p <span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">{</span><span class="csspropertycolor" style="color:red"><br>&nbsp; display<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> block<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br>&nbsp; margin-top<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> 1em<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br>&nbsp; margin-bottom<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> 1em<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br>&nbsp; margin-left<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> 0<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;margin-right<span class="csspropertyvaluecolor" style="color:mediumblue"><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">:</span> 0<span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">;</span></span><br></span><span class="cssdelimitercolor" style="color:black">}</span> 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Python机器学习基础教程，学习代码全部Python化，不需要使用Jupiter，部分采用中文说明，随带了部分读书笔记和个人理解。Notebook中文化。mglearn 和 data 整合到项目中。

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Introduction The context is the 2016 public use NH medical claims files obtained from NH CHIS (Comprehensive Health Care Information System). The dataset contains Commercial Insurance claims, and a small fraction of Medicaid and Medicare payments for dually eligible people. The primary purpose of this assignment is to test machine learning (ML) skills in a real case analysis setting. You are expected to clean and process data and then apply various ML techniques like Linear and no linear models like regularized regression, MARS, and Partitioning methods. You are expected to use at least two of R, Python and JMP software. Data details: Medical claims file for 2016 contains ~17 millions rows and ~60 columns of data, containing ~6.5 million individual medical claims. These claims are all commercial claims that were filed by healthcare providers in 2016 in the state of NH. These claims were ~88% for residents of NH and the remaining for out of state visitors who sought care in NH. Each claim consists of one or more line items, each indicating a procedure done during the doctor’s visit. Two columns indicating Billed amount and the Paid amount for the care provided, are of primary interest. The main objective is to predict “Paid amount per procedure” by mapping a plethora of features available in the dataset. It is also an expectation that you would create new features using the existing ones or external data sources. Objectives: Step 1: Take a random sample of 1 million unique claims, such that all line items related to each claim are included in the sample. This will result in a little less than 3 million rows of data. Step 2: Clean up the data, understand the distributions, and create new features if necessary. Step 3: Run predictive models using validation method of your choice. Step 4: Write a descriptive report (less than 10 pages) describing the process and your findings.

A simple introduction to using spark ml pipelines

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For the TWiML NLP Study Group. We review the fast.ai course "A Code-First Introduction to Natural Language Processing", created by Rachel Thomas, of The Data Institute | University of San Francisco. This repository contains the original Jupyter notebooks, plus annotated versions (with suffix `_jcat.ipynb`), as well as other materials I am developing for the Study Group, such as slide decks for the weekly Zoom meetups.

Materials for ,,Introduction to Responsible ML at UseR!2021''

Introduction to Machine Learning

A repo that gives a hands-on introduction to machine learning using TensorFlow 2.0

The notebooks used for the Introduction to TensorFlow for AI, ML and DL course on Coursera by deeplearning.ai

Materials for ,,Introduction to Responsible ML at UseR!2022''

This repository provides a beginner-friendly introduction to statistical computing using the Julia programming language. It covers key statistical concepts, simulations, and implementations, an essential foundation for AI/ML. Ideal for students, researchers, and practitioners in data science and machine learning.

Machine learning is changing the world and if you want to be a part of the ML revolution, this is a great place to start! This repository serves as an excellent introduction to implementing machine learning algorithms in depth such as linear and logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, SVM, Naive Bayes, KNN, K-Mean Cluster, PCA, Time Series Analysis and so on.

Code and setup information for Introduction to Machine Learning with Spark

An Introductory Course on Machine Learning, Tailored Toward Engineers

# Cervical_cancer_detection_using_ML # Introduction According to World Health Organisation (WHO), when detected at an early stage, cervical cancer is one of the most curable cancers. Hence, the main motive behind this project is to detect the cancer in its early stages so that it can be treated and managed in the patients effectively. # Flow of project is as explained below: This project is divided into 5 parts: 1. Data Cleaning 2. Exploratory Data Analysis 3. Baseline model: Logistic Regression 4. Ensemble Models: Bagging with Decision Trees, Random forest and Boosting 5. Model Comparison and results # Refer below for References: Link to basic information regarding cervical cancer : https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/cervical/basic_info/index.htm The dataset for tackling the problem is supplied by the UCI repository for Machine Learning. Link to Dataset : https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/Cervical+cancer+%28Risk+Factors%29 The dataset contains a list of risk factors that lead up to the Biopsy examination. The generation of the predictor variable is taken care of in part 2 (Exploratory data analysis) of this report. We will try to predict the 'biopsy' variable from the dataset using Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Bagging with Decision Trees and Boosting with XGBoost Classifier. # Results: Based on our Base model and The Ensemble Models we used, we observed - 1. After the entire process of training, hyperparameter tuning and tackling class imbalance was complete , we obtained the results as depicted through the graphics. 2. We observe that Bagging and Random Forest gives the highest accuracy and precision of 97.09 and 80% resp. 3. Plotting the Confusion matrix showed us that Random Forest using upsampling and class weights gives us 2 false positives and 3 false negatives with auc of 0.87 # Why random forest is the best model?? 1. So as we see, while comparing all of our models,RF has maximum f1_score and accuracy along with Bagging i.e. 76.2 n 97.09% resp. 2. And it also produces the same amount of false negatives with a recall of 72.73% just like all the other models. 3. But we still consider RF better coz of its added advantage that, the decision trees are decorrelated as compared to bagging leading to lesser variance and greater ability to generalize. # Conclusion: On observing the feature importance of the best model i.e random forest, we can see that the most important features are Schiller, Hinselmann, HPV, Citology, etc. This also makes sense because Schiller and Hinselmann are actually the tests used to detect cervical cancer. # Problems Faced: A major problem encountered while training the model was that it had too little data to train. On collaborating with all the hospitals in India, we can have enough data points to train a model with a higher recall, thus making the model better. # Scope of Improvement As next steps I would want to do exactly that, to deploy the model and refine it. We may also modify the number of the predictor variables, as it may well turn out that there are other predictors which may not be present in our current dataset. This can only be found by practical implementation of our predictions.

Introduction to Machine Learning with Scikit-Learn workshop materials

Introduction to Machine Learning

"Introduction to ML-on-Code" workshop materials 2018

The purpose of the tutorial is to give a taste of the ML development process with MLflow. It is intended in providing a breadth rather than depth introduction but will give the audience a hands-on experience allowing them to dive into the specific submodules.