Poole, Mackworth & Goebel 1998, p. 1. Russell & Norvig 2003, p. 55. Definition of AI as the study of intelligent agents: Poole, Mackworth & Goebel (1998), which provides the version that is used in this article. These authors use the term "computational intelligence" as a synonym for artificial intelligence.[1] Russell & Norvig (2003) (who prefer the term "rational agent") and write "The whole-agent view is now widely accepted in the field".[2] Nilsson 1998 Legg & Hutter 2007 Russell & Norvig 2009, p. 2. McCorduck 2004, p. 204 Maloof, Mark. "Artificial Intelligence: An Introduction, p. 37" (PDF). georgetown.edu. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 August 2018. "How AI Is Getting Groundbreaking Changes In Talent Management And HR Tech". Hackernoon. Archived from the original on 11 September 2019. Retrieved 14 February 2020. Schank, Roger C. (1991). "Where's the AI". AI magazine. Vol. 12 no. 4. p. 38. Russell & Norvig 2009. "AlphaGo – Google DeepMind". Archived from the original on 10 March 2016. Allen, Gregory (April 2020). "Department of Defense Joint AI Center - Understanding AI Technology" (PDF). AI.mil - The official site of the Department of Defense Joint Artificial Intelligence Center. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 April 2020. Retrieved 25 April 2020. Optimism of early AI: * Herbert Simon quote: Simon 1965, p. 96 quoted in Crevier 1993, p. 109. * Marvin Minsky quote: Minsky 1967, p. 2 quoted in Crevier 1993, p. 109. Boom of the 1980s: rise of expert systems, Fifth Generation Project, Alvey, MCC, SCI: * McCorduck 2004, pp. 426–441 * Crevier 1993, pp. 161–162,197–203, 211, 240 * Russell & Norvig 2003, p. 24 * NRC 1999, pp. 210–211 * Newquist 1994, pp. 235–248 First AI Winter, Mansfield Amendment, Lighthill report * Crevier 1993, pp. 115–117 * Russell & Norvig 2003, p. 22 * NRC 1999, pp. 212–213 * Howe 1994 * Newquist 1994, pp. 189–201 Second AI winter: * McCorduck 2004, pp. 430–435 * Crevier 1993, pp. 209–210 * NRC 1999, pp. 214–216 * Newquist 1994, pp. 301–318 AI becomes hugely successful in the early 21st century * Clark 2015 Pamela McCorduck (2004, p. 424) writes of "the rough shattering of AI in subfields—vision, natural language, decision theory, genetic algorithms, robotics ... and these with own sub-subfield—that would hardly have anything to say to each other." This list of intelligent traits is based on the topics covered by the major AI textbooks, including: * Russell & Norvig 2003 * Luger & Stubblefield 2004 * Poole, Mackworth & Goebel 1998 * Nilsson 1998 Kolata 1982. Maker 2006. Biological intelligence vs. intelligence in general: Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 2–3, who make the analogy with aeronautical engineering. McCorduck 2004, pp. 100–101, who writes that there are "two major branches of artificial intelligence: one aimed at producing intelligent behavior regardless of how it was accomplished, and the other aimed at modeling intelligent processes found in nature, particularly human ones." Kolata 1982, a paper in Science, which describes McCarthy's indifference to biological models. Kolata quotes McCarthy as writing: "This is AI, so we don't care if it's psychologically real".[19] McCarthy recently reiterated his position at the AI@50 conference where he said "Artificial intelligence is not, by definition, simulation of human intelligence".[20]. Neats vs. scruffies: * McCorduck 2004, pp. 421–424, 486–489 * Crevier 1993, p. 168 * Nilsson 1983, pp. 10–11 Symbolic vs. sub-symbolic AI: * Nilsson (1998, p. 7), who uses the term "sub-symbolic". General intelligence (strong AI) is discussed in popular introductions to AI: * Kurzweil 1999 and Kurzweil 2005 See the Dartmouth proposal, under Philosophy, below. McCorduck 2004, p. 34. McCorduck 2004, p. xviii. McCorduck 2004, p. 3. McCorduck 2004, pp. 340–400. This is a central idea of Pamela McCorduck's Machines Who Think. She writes: "I like to think of artificial intelligence as the scientific apotheosis of a venerable cultural tradition."[26] "Artificial intelligence in one form or another is an idea that has pervaded Western intellectual history, a dream in urgent need of being realized."[27] "Our history is full of attempts—nutty, eerie, comical, earnest, legendary and real—to make artificial intelligences, to reproduce what is the essential us—bypassing the ordinary means. Back and forth between myth and reality, our imaginations supplying what our workshops couldn't, we have engaged for a long time in this odd form of self-reproduction."[28] She traces the desire back to its Hellenistic roots and calls it the urge to "forge the Gods."[29] "Stephen Hawking believes AI could be mankind's last accomplishment". BetaNews. 21 October 2016. Archived from the original on 28 August 2017. Lombardo P, Boehm I, Nairz K (2020). "RadioComics – Santa Claus and the future of radiology". Eur J Radiol. 122 (1): 108771. doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2019.108771. PMID 31835078. Ford, Martin; Colvin, Geoff (6 September 2015). "Will robots create more jobs than they destroy?". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018. AI applications widely used behind the scenes: * Russell & Norvig 2003, p. 28 * Kurzweil 2005, p. 265 * NRC 1999, pp. 216–222 * Newquist 1994, pp. 189–201 AI in myth: * McCorduck 2004, pp. 4–5 * Russell & Norvig 2003, p. 939 AI in early science fiction. * McCorduck 2004, pp. 17–25 Formal reasoning: * Berlinski, David (2000). The Advent of the Algorithm. Harcourt Books. ISBN 978-0-15-601391-8. OCLC 46890682. Archived from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2020. Turing, Alan (1948), "Machine Intelligence", in Copeland, B. Jack (ed.), The Essential Turing: The ideas that gave birth to the computer age, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 412, ISBN 978-0-19-825080-7 Russell & Norvig 2009, p. 16. Dartmouth conference: * McCorduck 2004, pp. 111–136 * Crevier 1993, pp. 47–49, who writes "the conference is generally recognized as the official birthdate of the new science." * Russell & Norvig 2003, p. 17, who call the conference "the birth of artificial intelligence." * NRC 1999, pp. 200–201 McCarthy, John (1988). "Review of The Question of Artificial Intelligence". Annals of the History of Computing. 10 (3): 224–229., collected in McCarthy, John (1996). "10. Review of The Question of Artificial Intelligence". Defending AI Research: A Collection of Essays and Reviews. CSLI., p. 73, "[O]ne of the reasons for inventing the term "artificial intelligence" was to escape association with "cybernetics". Its concentration on analog feedback seemed misguided, and I wished to avoid having either to accept Norbert (not Robert) Wiener as a guru or having to argue with him." Hegemony of the Dartmouth conference attendees: * Russell & Norvig 2003, p. 17, who write "for the next 20 years the field would be dominated by these people and their students." * McCorduck 2004, pp. 129–130 Russell & Norvig 2003, p. 18. Schaeffer J. (2009) Didn't Samuel Solve That Game?. In: One Jump Ahead. Springer, Boston, MA Samuel, A. L. (July 1959). "Some Studies in Machine Learning Using the Game of Checkers". IBM Journal of Research and Development. 3 (3): 210–229. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.368.2254. doi:10.1147/rd.33.0210. "Golden years" of AI (successful symbolic reasoning programs 1956–1973): * McCorduck 2004, pp. 243–252 * Crevier 1993, pp. 52–107 * Moravec 1988, p. 9 * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 18–21 The programs described are Arthur Samuel's checkers program for the IBM 701, Daniel Bobrow's STUDENT, Newell and Simon's Logic Theorist and Terry Winograd's SHRDLU. DARPA pours money into undirected pure research into AI during the 1960s: * McCorduck 2004, p. 131 * Crevier 1993, pp. 51, 64–65 * NRC 1999, pp. 204–205 AI in England: * Howe 1994 Lighthill 1973. Expert systems: * ACM 1998, I.2.1 * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 22–24 * Luger & Stubblefield 2004, pp. 227–331 * Nilsson 1998, chpt. 17.4 * McCorduck 2004, pp. 327–335, 434–435 * Crevier 1993, pp. 145–62, 197–203 * Newquist 1994, pp. 155–183 Mead, Carver A.; Ismail, Mohammed (8 May 1989). Analog VLSI Implementation of Neural Systems (PDF). The Kluwer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science. 80. Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers. doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-1639-8. ISBN 978-1-4613-1639-8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 November 2019. Retrieved 24 January 2020. Formal methods are now preferred ("Victory of the neats"): * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 25–26 * McCorduck 2004, pp. 486–487 McCorduck 2004, pp. 480–483. Markoff 2011. 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Cognitive Systems Research. 48: 39–55. doi:10.1016/j.cogsys.2017.05.001. hdl:2318/1665207. S2CID 206868967. Problem solving, puzzle solving, game playing and deduction: * Russell & Norvig 2003, chpt. 3–9, * Poole, Mackworth & Goebel 1998, chpt. 2,3,7,9, * Luger & Stubblefield 2004, chpt. 3,4,6,8, * Nilsson 1998, chpt. 7–12 Uncertain reasoning: * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 452–644, * Poole, Mackworth & Goebel 1998, pp. 345–395, * Luger & Stubblefield 2004, pp. 333–381, * Nilsson 1998, chpt. 19 Psychological evidence of sub-symbolic reasoning: * Wason & Shapiro (1966) showed that people do poorly on completely abstract problems, but if the problem is restated to allow the use of intuitive social intelligence, performance dramatically improves. (See Wason selection task) * Kahneman, Slovic & Tversky (1982) have shown that people are terrible at elementary problems that involve uncertain reasoning. (See list of cognitive biases for several examples). * Lakoff & Núñez (2000) have controversially argued that even our skills at mathematics depend on knowledge and skills that come from "the body", i.e. sensorimotor and perceptual skills. (See Where Mathematics Comes From) Knowledge representation: * ACM 1998, I.2.4, * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 320–363, * Poole, Mackworth & Goebel 1998, pp. 23–46, 69–81, 169–196, 235–277, 281–298, 319–345, * Luger & Stubblefield 2004, pp. 227–243, * Nilsson 1998, chpt. 18 Knowledge engineering: * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 260–266, * Poole, Mackworth & Goebel 1998, pp. 199–233, * Nilsson 1998, chpt. ≈17.1–17.4 Representing categories and relations: Semantic networks, description logics, inheritance (including frames and scripts): * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 349–354, * Poole, Mackworth & Goebel 1998, pp. 174–177, * Luger & Stubblefield 2004, pp. 248–258, * Nilsson 1998, chpt. 18.3 Representing events and time:Situation calculus, event calculus, fluent calculus (including solving the frame problem): * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 328–341, * Poole, Mackworth & Goebel 1998, pp. 281–298, * Nilsson 1998, chpt. 18.2 Causal calculus: * Poole, Mackworth & Goebel 1998, pp. 335–337 Representing knowledge about knowledge: Belief calculus, modal logics: * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 341–344, * Poole, Mackworth & Goebel 1998, pp. 275–277 Sikos, Leslie F. (June 2017). Description Logics in Multimedia Reasoning. Cham: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-54066-5. ISBN 978-3-319-54066-5. S2CID 3180114. Archived from the original on 29 August 2017. Ontology: * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 320–328 Smoliar, Stephen W.; Zhang, HongJiang (1994). "Content based video indexing and retrieval". IEEE Multimedia. 1 (2): 62–72. doi:10.1109/93.311653. S2CID 32710913. Neumann, Bernd; Möller, Ralf (January 2008). "On scene interpretation with description logics". Image and Vision Computing. 26 (1): 82–101. doi:10.1016/j.imavis.2007.08.013. Kuperman, G. J.; Reichley, R. M.; Bailey, T. C. (1 July 2006). "Using Commercial Knowledge Bases for Clinical Decision Support: Opportunities, Hurdles, and Recommendations". Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association. 13 (4): 369–371. doi:10.1197/jamia.M2055. PMC 1513681. PMID 16622160. MCGARRY, KEN (1 December 2005). "A survey of interestingness measures for knowledge discovery". The Knowledge Engineering Review. 20 (1): 39–61. doi:10.1017/S0269888905000408. S2CID 14987656. Bertini, M; Del Bimbo, A; Torniai, C (2006). "Automatic annotation and semantic retrieval of video sequences using multimedia ontologies". MM '06 Proceedings of the 14th ACM international conference on Multimedia. 14th ACM international conference on Multimedia. Santa Barbara: ACM. pp. 679–682. Qualification problem: * McCarthy & Hayes 1969 * Russell & Norvig 2003[page needed] While McCarthy was primarily concerned with issues in the logical representation of actions, Russell & Norvig 2003 apply the term to the more general issue of default reasoning in the vast network of assumptions underlying all our commonsense knowledge. Default reasoning and default logic, non-monotonic logics, circumscription, closed world assumption, abduction (Poole et al. places abduction under "default reasoning". Luger et al. places this under "uncertain reasoning"): * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 354–360, * Poole, Mackworth & Goebel 1998, pp. 248–256, 323–335, * Luger & Stubblefield 2004, pp. 335–363, * Nilsson 1998, ~18.3.3 Breadth of commonsense knowledge: * Russell & Norvig 2003, p. 21, * Crevier 1993, pp. 113–114, * Moravec 1988, p. 13, * Lenat & Guha 1989 (Introduction) Dreyfus & Dreyfus 1986. Gladwell 2005. Expert knowledge as embodied intuition: * Dreyfus & Dreyfus 1986 (Hubert Dreyfus is a philosopher and critic of AI who was among the first to argue that most useful human knowledge was encoded sub-symbolically. See Dreyfus' critique of AI) * Gladwell 2005 (Gladwell's Blink is a popular introduction to sub-symbolic reasoning and knowledge.) * Hawkins & Blakeslee 2005 (Hawkins argues that sub-symbolic knowledge should be the primary focus of AI research.) Planning: * ACM 1998, ~I.2.8, * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 375–459, * Poole, Mackworth & Goebel 1998, pp. 281–316, * Luger & Stubblefield 2004, pp. 314–329, * Nilsson 1998, chpt. 10.1–2, 22 Information value theory: * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 600–604 Classical planning: * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 375–430, * Poole, Mackworth & Goebel 1998, pp. 281–315, * Luger & Stubblefield 2004, pp. 314–329, * Nilsson 1998, chpt. 10.1–2, 22 Planning and acting in non-deterministic domains: conditional planning, execution monitoring, replanning and continuous planning: * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 430–449 Multi-agent planning and emergent behavior: * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 449–455 Turing 1950. Solomonoff 1956. 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Archived from the original on 11 June 2020. Retrieved 11 June 2020. Machine perception: * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 537–581, 863–898 * Nilsson 1998, ~chpt. 6 Speech recognition: * ACM 1998, ~I.2.7 * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 568–578 Object recognition: * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 885–892 Computer vision: * ACM 1998, I.2.10 * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 863–898 * Nilsson 1998, chpt. 6 Robotics: * ACM 1998, I.2.9, * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 901–942, * Poole, Mackworth & Goebel 1998, pp. 443–460 Moving and configuration space: * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 916–932 Tecuci 2012. Robotic mapping (localization, etc): * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 908–915 Cadena, Cesar; Carlone, Luca; Carrillo, Henry; Latif, Yasir; Scaramuzza, Davide; Neira, Jose; Reid, Ian; Leonard, John J. (December 2016). "Past, Present, and Future of Simultaneous Localization and Mapping: Toward the Robust-Perception Age". IEEE Transactions on Robotics. 32 (6): 1309–1332. arXiv:1606.05830. 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Retrieved 26 April 2018. Domingos 2015. Artificial brain arguments: AI requires a simulation of the operation of the human brain * Russell & Norvig 2003, p. 957 * Crevier 1993, pp. 271 and 279 A few of the people who make some form of the argument: * Moravec 1988 * Kurzweil 2005, p. 262 * Hawkins & Blakeslee 2005 The most extreme form of this argument (the brain replacement scenario) was put forward by Clark Glymour in the mid-1970s and was touched on by Zenon Pylyshyn and John Searle in 1980. Goertzel, Ben; Lian, Ruiting; Arel, Itamar; de Garis, Hugo; Chen, Shuo (December 2010). "A world survey of artificial brain projects, Part II: Biologically inspired cognitive architectures". Neurocomputing. 74 (1–3): 30–49. doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2010.08.012. Nilsson 1983, p. 10. Nils Nilsson writes: "Simply put, there is wide disagreement in the field about what AI is all about."[163] AI's immediate precursors: * McCorduck 2004, pp. 51–107 * Crevier 1993, pp. 27–32 * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 15, 940 * Moravec 1988, p. 3 Haugeland 1985, pp. 112–117 The most dramatic case of sub-symbolic AI being pushed into the background was the devastating critique of perceptrons by Marvin Minsky and Seymour Papert in 1969. See History of AI, AI winter, or Frank Rosenblatt. Cognitive simulation, Newell and Simon, AI at CMU (then called Carnegie Tech): * McCorduck 2004, pp. 139–179, 245–250, 322–323 (EPAM) * Crevier 1993, pp. 145–149 Soar (history): * McCorduck 2004, pp. 450–451 * Crevier 1993, pp. 258–263 McCarthy and AI research at SAIL and SRI International: * McCorduck 2004, pp. 251–259 * Crevier 1993 AI research at Edinburgh and in France, birth of Prolog: * Crevier 1993, pp. 193–196 * Howe 1994 AI at MIT under Marvin Minsky in the 1960s : * McCorduck 2004, pp. 259–305 * Crevier 1993, pp. 83–102, 163–176 * Russell & Norvig 2003, p. 19 Cyc: * McCorduck 2004, p. 489, who calls it "a determinedly scruffy enterprise" * Crevier 1993, pp. 239–243 * Russell & Norvig 2003, p. 363−365 * Lenat & Guha 1989 Knowledge revolution: * McCorduck 2004, pp. 266–276, 298–300, 314, 421 * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 22–23 Frederick, Hayes-Roth; William, Murray; Leonard, Adelman. "Expert systems". AccessScience. doi:10.1036/1097-8542.248550. Embodied approaches to AI: * McCorduck 2004, pp. 454–462 * Brooks 1990 * Moravec 1988 Weng et al. 2001. Lungarella et al. 2003. Asada et al. 2009. Oudeyer 2010. Revival of connectionism: * Crevier 1993, pp. 214–215 * Russell & Norvig 2003, p. 25 Computational intelligence * IEEE Computational Intelligence Society Archived 9 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine Hutson, Matthew (16 February 2018). "Artificial intelligence faces reproducibility crisis". Science. pp. 725–726. Bibcode:2018Sci...359..725H. doi:10.1126/science.359.6377.725. Archived from the original on 29 April 2018. Retrieved 28 April 2018. Norvig 2012. Langley 2011. Katz 2012. The intelligent agent paradigm: * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 27, 32–58, 968–972 * Poole, Mackworth & Goebel 1998, pp. 7–21 * Luger & Stubblefield 2004, pp. 235–240 * Hutter 2005, pp. 125–126 The definition used in this article, in terms of goals, actions, perception and environment, is due to Russell & Norvig (2003). Other definitions also include knowledge and learning as additional criteria. Agent architectures, hybrid intelligent systems: * Russell & Norvig (2003, pp. 27, 932, 970–972) * Nilsson (1998, chpt. 25) Hierarchical control system: * Albus 2002 Lieto, Antonio; Lebiere, Christian; Oltramari, Alessandro (May 2018). "The knowledge level in cognitive architectures: Current limitations and possibile developments". Cognitive Systems Research. 48: 39–55. doi:10.1016/j.cogsys.2017.05.001. hdl:2318/1665207. S2CID 206868967. Lieto, Antonio; Bhatt, Mehul; Oltramari, Alessandro; Vernon, David (May 2018). "The role of cognitive architectures in general artificial intelligence". Cognitive Systems Research. 48: 1–3. doi:10.1016/j.cogsys.2017.08.003. hdl:2318/1665249. S2CID 36189683. Russell & Norvig 2009, p. 1. White Paper: On Artificial Intelligence - A European approach to excellence and trust (PDF). Brussels: European Commission. 2020. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 February 2020. Retrieved 20 February 2020. CNN 2006. Using AI to predict flight delays Archived 20 November 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Ishti.org. N. Aletras; D. Tsarapatsanis; D. Preotiuc-Pietro; V. Lampos (2016). "Predicting judicial decisions of the European Court of Human Rights: a Natural Language Processing perspective". PeerJ Computer Science. 2: e93. doi:10.7717/peerj-cs.93. "The Economist Explains: Why firms are piling into artificial intelligence". The Economist. 31 March 2016. Archived from the original on 8 May 2016. Retrieved 19 May 2016. Lohr, Steve (28 February 2016). "The Promise of Artificial Intelligence Unfolds in Small Steps". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 29 February 2016. Retrieved 29 February 2016. Frangoul, Anmar (14 June 2019). "A Californian business is using A.I. to change the way we think about energy storage". CNBC. Archived from the original on 25 July 2020. Retrieved 5 November 2019. Wakefield, Jane (15 June 2016). "Social media 'outstrips TV' as news source for young people". BBC News. Archived from the original on 24 June 2016. Smith, Mark (22 July 2016). "So you think you chose to read this article?". BBC News. Archived from the original on 25 July 2016. Brown, Eileen. "Half of Americans do not believe deepfake news could target them online". ZDNet. Archived from the original on 6 November 2019. Retrieved 3 December 2019. The Turing test: Turing's original publication: * Turing 1950 Historical influence and philosophical implications: * Haugeland 1985, pp. 6–9 * Crevier 1993, p. 24 * McCorduck 2004, pp. 70–71 * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 2–3 and 948 Dartmouth proposal: * McCarthy et al. 1955 (the original proposal) * Crevier 1993, p. 49 (historical significance) The physical symbol systems hypothesis: * Newell & Simon 1976, p. 116 * McCorduck 2004, p. 153 * Russell & Norvig 2003, p. 18 Dreyfus 1992, p. 156. Dreyfus criticized the necessary condition of the physical symbol system hypothesis, which he called the "psychological assumption": "The mind can be viewed as a device operating on bits of information according to formal rules."[206] Dreyfus' critique of artificial intelligence: * Dreyfus 1972, Dreyfus & Dreyfus 1986 * Crevier 1993, pp. 120–132 * McCorduck 2004, pp. 211–239 * Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 950–952, Gödel 1951: in this lecture, Kurt Gödel uses the incompleteness theorem to arrive at the following disjunction: (a) the human mind is not a consistent finite machine, or (b) there exist Diophantine equations for which it cannot decide whether solutions exist. Gödel finds (b) implausible, and thus seems to have believed the human mind was not equivalent to a finite machine, i.e., its power exceeded that of any finite machine. He recognized that this was only a conjecture, since one could never disprove (b). Yet he considered the disjunctive conclusion to be a "certain fact". The Mathematical Objection: * Russell & Norvig 2003, p. 949 * McCorduck 2004, pp. 448–449 Making the Mathematical Objection: * Lucas 1961 * Penrose 1989 Refuting Mathematical Objection: * Turing 1950 under "(2) The Mathematical Objection" * Hofstadter 1979 Background: * Gödel 1931, Church 1936, Kleene 1935, Turing 1937 Graham Oppy (20 January 2015). "Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Archived from the original on 22 April 2016. Retrieved 27 April 2016. These Gödelian anti-mechanist arguments are, however, problematic, and there is wide consensus that they fail. Stuart J. Russell; Peter Norvig (2010). "26.1.2: Philosophical Foundations/Weak AI: Can Machines Act Intelligently?/The mathematical objection". Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-604259-4. even if we grant that computers have limitations on what they can prove, there is no evidence that humans are immune from those limitations. Mark Colyvan. An introduction to the philosophy of mathematics. Cambridge University Press, 2012. From 2.2.2, 'Philosophical significance of Gödel's incompleteness results': "The accepted wisdom (with which I concur) is that the Lucas-Penrose arguments fail." Iphofen, Ron; Kritikos, Mihalis (3 January 2019). "Regulating artificial intelligence and robotics: ethics by design in a digital society". Contemporary Social Science: 1–15. doi:10.1080/21582041.2018.1563803. ISSN 2158-2041. "Ethical AI Learns Human Rights Framework". Voice of America. Archived from the original on 11 November 2019. Retrieved 10 November 2019. Crevier 1993, pp. 132–144. In the early 1970s, Kenneth Colby presented a version of Weizenbaum's ELIZA known as DOCTOR which he promoted as a serious therapeutic tool.[216] Joseph Weizenbaum's critique of AI: * Weizenbaum 1976 * Crevier 1993, pp. 132–144 * McCorduck 2004, pp. 356–373 * Russell & Norvig 2003, p. 961 Weizenbaum (the AI researcher who developed the first chatterbot program, ELIZA) argued in 1976 that the misuse of artificial intelligence has the potential to devalue human life. Wendell Wallach (2010). Moral Machines, Oxford University Press. Wallach, pp 37–54. Wallach, pp 55–73. Wallach, Introduction chapter. Michael Anderson and Susan Leigh Anderson (2011), Machine Ethics, Cambridge University Press. "Machine Ethics". aaai.org. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Rubin, Charles (Spring 2003). "Artificial Intelligence and Human Nature". The New Atlantis. 1: 88–100. Archived from the original on 11 June 2012. Brooks, Rodney (10 November 2014). "artificial intelligence is a tool, not a threat". Archived from the original on 12 November 2014. "Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk, and Bill Gates Warn About Artificial Intelligence". Observer. 19 August 2015. Archived from the original on 30 October 2015. Retrieved 30 October 2015. Chalmers, David (1995). "Facing up to the problem of consciousness". Journal of Consciousness Studies. 2 (3): 200–219. Archived from the original on 8 March 2005. Retrieved 11 October 2018. See also this link Archived 8 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine Horst, Steven, (2005) "The Computational Theory of Mind" Archived 11 September 2018 at the Wayback Machine in The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Searle 1980, p. 1. This version is from Searle (1999), and is also quoted in Dennett 1991, p. 435. Searle's original formulation was "The appropriately programmed computer really is a mind, in the sense that computers given the right programs can be literally said to understand and have other cognitive states." [230] Strong AI is defined similarly by Russell & Norvig (2003, p. 947): "The assertion that machines could possibly act intelligently

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Stress has been identified as one of major contributing factors in car crashes due to its negative impact on driving performance. It is in urgent need that the stress levels of drivers can be detected in real time with high accuracy so that intervening or navigating measures can be taken in time to mitigate the situation.

Localized motion planning on-board an Autonomous Vehicle (AV) using SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) has been implemented. This individual motion planning of the route by AVs does not account for other AVs' routes, urgency, other such parameters and can lead to deadlock situations. A centralized computation unit that provides the registered AVs with a optimal motion plan is proposed by this project. A central planner will find a optimal motion plan for all the AVs in its control area. This central planner will consider the fuel constraint, priorities, speed constraint, etc while planning. This project proposes the use of Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm for meta-heuristic centralized decoupled motion planning. A classic decoupled centralized motion planning algorithm will be implemented for baseline comparison. Advanced algorithm like Grey Wolf Optimization will be studied and explored in the project.

Unpredictability and uncertainty about future evolutions of both the system and its environment may easily compromise the behaviour of the system. The subsequent software failures can have serious consequences. When dealing with open environments, run-time monitoring is one of the most promising techniques to detect software failures. Several monitoring approaches have been proposed in the last years; however, they suffer from two main limitations. First, they provide limited information to be exploited at run-time for early detecting and managing situations that most probably will lead to failures. Second, they mainly rely on logic-based specifications, which intrinsic complexity might hamper the use of these monitoring approaches in industrial contexts. In order to address these two limitations, this paper proposes a new approach, called PREDIMO (PREDIctive MOnitoring), which, starting from scenario-based specifications, automatically generates predictive monitors that taking into account the actual status and also possible evolutions of both system and environment in the near future identify risky situations thus enabling the definition of precise strategies to prevent failures. More specifically, the generated monitors evaluate the specified properties and return one of these seven values: satisfied, infinitely controllable, system finitely controllable, system urgently controllable, environment finitely controllable, environment urgently controllable, and violated. The scenario-based notation of PREDIMO is based on the property sequence charts language that facilitates the non trivial and error prone task of specifying, correctly and without expertise in temporal logic, temporal properties. The correctness of the translation process from the properties specification to the monitors is formally proven (see the Appendix). The overall approach is tool supported and a large experimentation with OSGi (Open Service Gateway Initiative) applications demonstrates its feasibility and usability.

On October 2nd, 2016, the birth anniversary of ‘Father of India’ Mahatma Gandhi, India inked the critical Paris Accord. As per the accord, all major countries will decide their own goals to tackle the climate crisis according to their development needs. India has set ambitious goals, balancing the need to preserve its delicate eco-system and to grow its economy which requires increased energy consumption. As the west discovered electricity and hopped to the modern era, India is catching up utilizing cleaner and renewable energy sources. The need for sustainable development whose realization was limited to scientists observing climate change at one time has now been recognized by greater populace. This has been reflected in government policy in recent times. With Indian leadership at its head, the International Solar Alliance (ISA) was formed by a group of about 120 countries which receives around 300 days of sunshine and falls in the Tropic region (between Cancer and Capricorn). Headquartered in Gurugram, India, the ISA is driven towards promoting solar technologies, developing cost-effective financial mechanisms, building a common Solar knowledge e- portal and facilitating R&D in solar applications. ISA also promises to mobilize around 1 trillion USD by 2030 to be invested in solar technologies. Moreover, India announced that it would cut its carbon footprint by 33-35% from its 2005 level which must be achieved by 2030. For this, India will need a 175- gigawatt power production capacity from non-fossil fuel sources. India has already utilized most of the wind and hydro power potential despite controversies over land. India is yet to utilize its solar energy potential which is quite high. Hence, the government has set an ambitious target of having 100 GW of solar power generation capacity by 2022, including 40 GW from solar rooftops. India has a potential to install 124 GW of solar rooftop projects. These projects' size can vary between 25 kW and 500 kW (Source: TOI). The Centre has already approved ₹5,000 crore subsidy for solar rooftops from the Clean Energy Fund over the next five years to reduce the cost burden on rooftop solar power customers. Meeting the energy needs of such a densely-populated country whose citizens are increasingly attaining a higher standard of living is challenging but very much achievable because fortunately, maintaining the equilibrium between a healthy environment and quality life for all is not a zero-sum game. As technology has evolved, solar panels have become cheaper and with solar energy becoming economical, the sense of urgency for it has only heightened due to climate change. India has the Tropic of Cancer passing through it and has clear sky most part of the year due to monsoon based climate. Favorable climate, better technology, and tangible goals mean that the future of solar endeavor in India is very bright. By installing solar photovoltaic systems on the roof of their homes, ordinary people are becoming part of that endeavor. It is certain that the Indian renewable saga will be keenly watched by the world in coming years.

The healthcare sector in India is intended to grow at a compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 15 % to touch $158.2 billion in 2017 from $78.6 billion in 2012. Also healthcare spending in India was figured 5 % of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2013 and is anticipated to remain at that level through 2016. Total health care spending in local-currency terms is protruded to rise at an annual rate of over 12 %, from an estimated $96.3 billion in 2013 to $195.7 billion in 2018. While this speedy growth rate will bring back high inflation, it will also be repelled by increasing public and private expenditures on health. The healthcare industry has come a long way from the situations when patients who could afford it had to go overseas; nowadays patients from many countries are constellating to India for their medical emergencies. We know medical services in India delivered via public and private sector. However the government funds apportioned to healthcare segment have always been low in relation to the population of the country simply we can say public health care system is uneven, with underfunded and overfilled hospitals and poor rural coverage. Compromised funding by the Indian government has been ascribed to historic failures on the part of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MHFW) to pay out its apportioned budget to the greatest extent. This is in spite of increasing demand, due in part, to developing incidence of age and lifestyle linked chronic disorders leading from urbanization, changing food habits and lifestyles, getting up obesity levels and far-flung tobacco products. These days India’s health care sector finds close to 50 % spend on in-patient beds for lifestyle diseases mainly urban and semi urban regions. Furthermore, various reports shows that India has world’s highest numbers of diabetes patients and has led in the mushrooming of multi specialty hospitals to battle with lifestyle disorders. The government’s low expending on health care puts much of the load on patients, as showed by the country’s out of pocket expending rate, one of the world’s highest. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) report, just 33 % of Indian health care expenditures in 2012 came from government sources. Of the leftover was out of pocket. At the same time the private sector of Indian healthcare segment, these facilities are run for profit. Medical facilities run by charitable organizations also provide medical services totally free or at minimal charges depending on the financial status of the patients. Looking at Indian healthcare market in a Pan India perspective the statistics for India’s health infrastructure are very low that of other developed countries. The United States of America has 1 bed for every 350 patients while the ratio for Japan is 1 for 85. In contrast, India has 1 bed for every 1,050 patients. To meet bed availability to the criteria of more developed countries, India requires 100,000 beds this decade, at an investment of $50 billion. Also, India’s expenditure on health care information technology is also very low. Indian hospitals will require increasing their IT spending to a great extent to provide bettered and patient-centric service. On the other side of the these facts if look at the trends of the Indian healthcare segment, over the last 40 years India has progressed a huge health infrastructure and workforce at primary, secondary and tertiary care in public, charitable and private medical centers. At present private segment range from those put up by multi specialty/ specialty corporate hospitals, nursing homes, poly clinics and clinics run by qualified medical professionals. The major portion of the private hospitals is small medical care establishments with 85% of them having less than 25 beds capacity. Private tertiary care hospitals, furnishing specialty and multispecialty medical services, account for only 1 - 2% of the total number of institutions, while corporate medical facilities make up less than 1%. The private medical services account for 82% of all out patient (OP) and 52% of inpatient (IP) services at all India level. In the recent past India is getting a favoured medical care destination for many countries due to low cost and good quality medical procedures giving rise to the scope for medical tourism. This leading more hospitals in the private segment advancing their medical facilities to land a share of this business. According to recent reports, India has a possibility to attract 1 million health tourists per annum, which could contribute $ 5 billion. The go on of this would be advance of medical facilities, in terms of new equipments, diagnostic procedures, equipments etc. Also health insurance which was absent earlier has currently going up in impressive manner. Employment scenario Medical segment in India provides direct employment to over 10 million professionals, and opportunities going to be increase in very impressive manner; the employment opportunities are not just limited to doctors and nurses. This profession would need a good number of paramedical professionals and more importantly a large number of mid and senior level managers and with expertise across various specialties’. According to the National Skill Development Corporation(NSDC), "By 2022, India would need 74 lakh medical service workforce” Besides, the size of the healthcare sector is anticipated to grow to Rs 9.64 lakh crore by 2017. With many and different medical services, there are over 10 lakh allied health professionals in India in the areas of nursing associates, medical assistants, medical equipment operators, optometrists, physiotherapists, dieticians, dental assistants, and many other which is still short of the current necessitate. Also there is a significant gap in the availability of medical practitioners and it is a trend that is likely to continue for next few years. Currently India’s ratio of 0.7 doctors & 1.5 nurses per 1,000 people is dramatically lower than the WHO average of 2.5 doctors and nurses per 1,000 people. Moreover, there is an acute shortage of paramedical and administrative professionals. There are over 7,50,000 registered Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy practitioners in the country. These numbers, when joined with the total number of physicians shaped in allopathy, satisfy to an extent, the total requirement of medical practitioners required in the country," NSDC predictions”. To conclude, "India has become one of the most favoured or affordable destinations for patients looking for best healthcare care at cost much lower than that of other countries”. India can further leverage its status as a fairly priced and quality medical care provider, as result providing to a greater proportion of world population. "Therefore, there is urgency for both qualitative and quantitative skill development programs in the medical segment also policy designers and industry players need to concentrate on advancing technical skills of the clinical and non clinical medical professionals for progressed medical care services".

This project aims to build an app that lets the caller decide if the call is urgent or not. It enables the user to determine that the specific call is critical and that the person should be disrupted from whatever they might be doing.

Sets urgent window manager hint for the window specified by its id as an argument or in WINDOWID environment variable

I need helping getting into my gmail account!! its Urgent!! but i cant remember my password, and i no longer have access to the phone or email backup!! please help me idk anything about this stuff

The Emergency Severity Index (ESI) is a five-level emergency department (ED) triage algorithm that provides clinically relevant stratification of patients into five groups from 1 (most urgent) to 5 (least urgent) on the basis of acuity and resource needs. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) funded initial work on the ESI. In 2019, the Emergency Nurses Association acquired the ESI five-level emergency triage system. Since its acquisition, ENA has focused on improving the triage learning platform to help emergency nurses better understand ESI and better identify patients who should be seen first, while prioritizing the care of patients with less urgent conditions. For more information

This program implements a TCP-like protocol on top of UDP. It supports variable window size, and can recover from data loss, data corruption, and data delay. Basically, I implement the TCP 20 bytes header as follow: [ Source port ][ Dest port ] [ Sequence Number ] [ Acknowledgement Number ] [ Flags ][Receive window] [ Checksum ][ Urgent ] [ Payload ... ] I run my sender, receiver and the link emulator on one machine. The link emulator tool we will use is called newudpl. The link emulator acts like a "proxy", i.e., the sender is configured to send packets there and the proxy is configured to send packets to the receiver and it can drop, corrupt, reorder and delay packets. The receiver process sends its acknowledgements directly to the data sender. I use timeout mechanism for retransmission as per TCP (without fast retransmission), such as RTT estimation and update of timeout interval, to handle packet loss and use checksum in UDP/TCP to check if the packet is corrupted, and use ack number & sequence number to check if the packet is delivered in order or not. I use a FIN request to signal the end of the transmission. For supporting the variable window size, I implement my own mechanism in this program.

Like the saying goes, “A healthy people, is a healthy nation.” For people to stay healthy, it is important that some measures of hygiene are considered when handling food and drinks. Food hygiene can therefore be defined as the handling, preparing, and storing food or drinks in a way that best minimizes the risk of consumers becoming sick from the food-borne disease. The overall purpose of food hygiene is to prepare and provide safe food and consequently contribute to a healthy and productive society. The Federal Ministry of Agriculture and L’alimentation, France took the initiative towards boosting the confidence of the people regarding the level of sanitary measures maintained in various food chain (restaurants, canteens, and slaughterhouses, etc..) in France. The publication of the result of health checks in the food sector is a legitimate expectation of citizens which contributes to improving consumer confidence. Provided by the law of the future for agriculture, food, and forestry, of October 13, 2014, this measure is part of an evolution towards greater transparency of state action. Alim’confiance, the dataset on which we worked on comes from a certified public service. On its application as well as its website www.alim-confiance.gouv.fr , consumers can have access to the results of health checks carried out in all establishments in the food chain. The result allows you to know the overall level of hygiene of the food establishment and gives you an idea of compliance with hygiene standards: cleanliness of premises and equipment, hygiene of staff and handling, respect for the supply chain. Various Machine Learning ML have been applied on sanitary, health, biological data and more. Machine learning procedures will be carried out on Alim’Confiance data to classify the various food chain according to their level of compliance into Satisfactory, Very Satisfactory, To improve, and To be Corrected Urgently.

Technology has been around since we exist. To most it seems like it has always been there, in some form or another. It is hard to determine the actual time that technology was invented, because we have to first define; what is technology? In the Stone Age technology was in the form of tools and weapons to hunt with, or fire. In later periods technology was weapons and tools like swords and shields forged from metals. The wheel is seen as one of the most important chunk of technology ever created, since it helped its users to be more productive in transportations. The Egyptians were known for their technology as well as their engineering expertise, using ramps for the construction of pyramids. The Chinese were known for their technologies they created, such as a printing press, gunpowder, suspension bridges, cast iron, paper and many more inventions that are still in use at present. The employment of green technology goes back further than many people think. Green technology comes to be a completely new approach that the majority of people do not know much about. Green technology has been around for thousands of years. The primary sources of renewable energy in history were; human labor, water power, animal power, firewood and wind. The field of "green technology" encloses a rapidly developing set of methods, from techniques for harnessing energy to non-toxic cleaning results. The present predictions are that this idea will bring newness and modifications in daily life of similar magnitude to the "information technology" explosion over the last few decades. In early stages, it is nearly impossible to predict what "green technology" may one day enclose. Purpose of Green Technology The main purpose of green technology is to reduce the rate of global warming and cut down the green house effect. The main aim is the formation of new technologies which don’t damage the natural resources of our planet. This should result into less harm to species, people and the common health of our Earth. Activities Related to Green Technology Here are some of the activities which help for shielding our planet and our future. Recycling Recycling the objects made of paper, glass, metal and plastic permits using the same materials again. This could help us in preventing the further depletion of our natural resources. Use of Renewable Energy Sources Our scientists were actively working on the exhaustion of non renewable fuels. So, we just need to find an alternative urgently. Green technology aim the effective use of renewable resources – sunlight, water and wind through solar panels, dams, geothermal wells wind turbines. Sustainable Building Considering the rapid increase of the world population, the need for housing is also growing. That is why many steps were taken into account for the construction, “green” buildings. One of the main plans for this is locating the building accurately according to sunlight. Although all type of building causes some damage to environment, the appropriate planning of the home can significantly deduct the overall negative impacts. For more updates on tech as well as to read blogs related to technology visit: TECHMOON

 The functional stage has unique and different characteristics, and its importance is as great as the ambition and desire of the person to go to work freely one day, and part of this importance can be in the different experience and that the personal refinement and prepare the person and prepare for self-employment, Apart from the natures of people, which sometimes play the greater role of choosing between job and self-employment, "and with the exclusion of government employment," there are some cases or points that you should not go to work with. <h1>Your first real job</h1> When you start your career at the end of your undergraduate or post-graduation phase, for example, you will not have a clear vision of your field of work or goal, and so is the stage of experience and learning the real practical away from books and theorizing, and the need to learn from those who preceded you and work career certainly offers you this feature, On the contrary free action at this stage, which will add to you more blurry and distracting. <h1>The field of work is new to you</h1> When you do not have that experience and knowledge in the field of work that you have started or intend to start, especially if it is a technical area of ​​"design, programming, writing, writing, etc.," which requires real practical experience before entering the labor market, Adopted at the functional stage, before moving to self-employment. <h1>Career increases your experience in the field</h1> This means that your experience and understanding of the field of work increases with each new day. This experience is more important than rushing to the free work, as you will not get it easy with your free work, and you will not be able to refine the method of work or delivery of projects Free and professional work. <h1>Your vision and interests are identical to the company team</h1> It is not necessarily the interpretation of this fantasy picture in the atmosphere of happy work and the various daily activities with the team is completely unrealistic, especially in the field of technical work and the pressures that result from it, but you can distinguish it with simple things .. For example when you do not feel the passage of time on your work day, Many of the reasons that do not drive you to go to another company, and yes, sometimes simple things but live and traffic makes them articulated in the field of career. <h1>The possibility of career development</h1> Even if you are starting a government job, but whether you are a government institution or a private company. If you have the opportunity to develop career "whether to get a higher position, or to receive new tasks greater than the current tasks, or your promotion of material and moral from time to time may not be necessary Urgent "current time" leave the job and go to free work. <h1>When you intend to work part-time</h1> When you start receiving free-side work, feel potential or increase it over time, and see your access to free business but do not have the courage or the current customer base that encourages you to leave the job completely, then it is best not to leave it completely, Partial as an initial or even long-term solution. <h1>When you do not like the area in which you work</h1> This part is not strange or false. Many people do not like the area in which they function, and therefore you will not be able to go to work freely. Your chances of success will be very small. There are so many difficulties, so logical thinking is to prepare yourself for a career shift to the field where you love to work and then to think later about free work. "Self-employment will not be the biggest concern of its time" compared to the direction you love. <h1>When certain qualities of free work are not suitable for you</h1> Recognizing that a large part of these qualities are acquired, but some deserve to be seriously considered when you want to go to free work, <ul><li>If you do not like working alone or can not.</li> <li>You do not have the ability or opportunity to bring in new customers.</li> <li>You do not have experience or experience managing projects or managing time.</li> <li>Do not like or can not deal directly with more than one person and one head to work.</li> <li>Do not have the ability to constantly motivate yourself and deal with depression and fear.</li> <li>You do not have the capacity or the ability to deal with income disparities and differences.</li> <li>You do not have the ability or the business advantage to manage and develop your business continuously.</li></ul> <h1>And finally</h1> And as free work has great features that belong to it and are unique to them, the job is very profitable, especially in the cases that I mentioned in this post, but away from all that remains one important attribute that must be mentioned before thinking about self-employment, If you think for a moment that free work is easier than a job, and that means freedom, you have to think carefully about it, and recognizing that the most important and most important thing you must develop yourself is patience and confidence that the spouse and the conciliator in any step or field, Or free is God Almighty

Buying another car cases to everyone, as it is productive in various perspectives. The course toward buying another car is supporting for express people, while it is a wild errand for others. You may find that the cutoff networks aren't essentially all around as wide as going before considering lower stock. Unequivocal auto creation lines all through the planet are not yet up far. Finally, the business may have less people on staff by uprightness of accomplishment limits or a workforce reduction to tie costs. Your representative may coordinate a couple of social event once performed. Show prevention toward your representative and study this while sorting out your day. Buying another car is a urgent progress ahead, regardless it shouldn't be a dumbfounding one. Here's the best methodology to coordinate exploration, discover, cost, and plan to buy your new car. Flexible improvement deals with these plans than at later. It is before long totally valuable for a buyer to look for a vehicle while in line at the store or standing by to get the youngsters Advantages Of New Car The most probable expansion of buying another car is that you are buying a car that all around goes with a demand. Most new cars will have not a tremendous number fixes in the key not a lot of years, so you can focus in on the upkeep of the car. The seller may other than offer financing at a lower credit cost, which can diminish the degree of interest you pay over the presence of the new development. These are the most key advantages. Another advantage is that the new cars will have the latest new development, which will understand that you may find cars with better gas mileage and lower releases. You may have the decision to buy a blend and diminishing the full scale you go through on transportation dependably. Additionally, the new cars will everything mulled over interface with your phone and various contraptions with no issue. Most new vehicles will have incredibly unessential fixes in the secret not a colossal store of years, so that permits the client to focus in on the focal assistance upkeep of the car. Additionally, there are a lot of complaints open online YesAuto UK where one can search for the ideal car model. Other than the recuperating advantages, there is in like way the potential possibility that the banks can offer to back at a lower financing cost, which can diminish the degree of pay you pay over the presence of the new development and give you a lower pack. Another advantage is that new cars after a short time go with the latest turn of events, better gas mileage, and lower releases. Blended media and course interfaces are distinctly progressing and improving, so if the buyers are unequivocally looking for a vehicle with the absolute of the best in class contraptions, another car might be the best approach. Vehicles are other than ending up being more eco-obliging, and notwithstanding, hurrying up furthermore. For example, the all-new 2019 Beat 1500 has really been named the "Most Eco-obliging Pickup Truck" in its get-together by dependability of the option of an eTorque flavor structure. The inspiration driving the game plan is to expand sufficiency and diminishing vehicle transmissions, while other than offering drivability benefits, other than. Purchasing Used Car Buying a used car can be sharp speculation when you need a replacement vehicle. While new car purchases will in like manner expansion with a rising economy, used cars can give a fundamental choice as long as you apparently consider what to take after for one. You can get the most accomplice for your cash with a used car. While this licenses to live more fiscally, a used car, by definition, has issues from standard mileage. Thusly, it's crucial for set forth an endeavor not to introduce these extreme goofs when you're watching out quickly hand car.  Outing for restrictive used cars trading for better different choices and lower your spending. Before you start searching for a used car, do some homework. It may save your guaranteed cash. Consider your driving inclinations, what the car will be used for, and your cash related perspective. Assessment models, decisions, costs, fix records, security tests, and mileage on the web and through libraries and book shops. Disadvantages Of Purchasing New Car Right when a buyer purchases another car, they are focused on paying affiliation costs, and disliking that the assistance charges will in like manner be accessible on a used car from a merchant, they won't be in a private methodology. Subject to the carrier, a higher check premium could by and large be a potential possibility with another car. Another difficulty joins a higher savage retail cost and continually arranged parts. A purchaser can get financing to make their purchase more fit, yet it's essential to guarantee that the dependably saved parts are spending plan all around organized, subject to the customer's propensity. Likewise, quick crumbling could in like way be a help concern. Studies have shown that inside the basic year in the wake of purchasing another car, the value drops around 20% and all things considered 15% constantly after that.

GSoC proposal for CCExtractor - Its urgent project

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Руссификация (сорц!) для тех,кто пишет собейт на базе Оверлайта и срочно надо русифицировать собок. Russification (source-code!) of S0b Overlight for those who want to write their sobeit on its basis but urgently need to Russify sobeit.

MailMind is an AI-powered email classification app that analyzes the content of an email and predicts its intent — such as Urgent, Work-related, Informational or Promotional — using a fine-tuned DistilBERT model. It’s built with Streamlit for an interactive user interface.

Smart Task Analyzer is an intelligent task-prioritization system built using Django (backend) and HTML/CSS/JavaScript (frontend). Its primary goal is to help users quickly understand which tasks should be completed first based on measurable factors such as urgency, importance, effort, and dependencies.

AI-Powered symptoms checker, like WebMD but leveraging AI and returning consolidated results with the highest level of certainty. Potential condition, its certainty level in percentage, Urgency, Home Care, and Specialist Care are displayed for the user. Care information is pulled from the Mayo Clinic’s diseases and conditions library.

A Python- Application for scrutinizing high court cases. Seamlessly integrating CAPTCHA solving, it tracks opposing party cases filed on the same day. Its goal is to promptly notify concerned parties, preventing misuse of legal procedures Same day posting should be reserved exclusively for matters of utmost urgency, for and ensuring justice.

A productivity tool built with React, designed to help users prioritize tasks effectively. Inspired by the Eisenhower Matrix, the app categorizes tasks into four quadrants based on their urgency and importance. With a simple and intuitive interface, users can easily add, organize and manage their tasks. And also mark it as complete once its done.

ToDoApp is a simple iOS application built with Swift and UIKit that allows users to manage a list of tasks. Users can add new tasks with a title, urgency flag, and date, view all tasks in a table, and delete tasks as needed. The app uses a clean MVC architecture and leverages storyboards for its user interface.

Hey I need help urgently. To start with I am not a programmer and have almost no experience with this. I need help regarding Pytorch. For a project I have to manage the following: Train a segmentation learner (fastai's unet_learner) on the dataset and report the results. Try tuning its hyperparameters and experiment with different settings, such as using (or not using) a pre-trained network, different batch sizes, different network sizes, etc. Also, bring some insights into often correctly classified and easily confused categories of the trained models.

After Grid and Flexbox CSS seems to have lost most of its dynamic. The most urgent layout problems seem to be solved and all eyes turn to JavaScript, because that's where all the exciting things seem to happen at the moment. But is CSS really "feature complete"? And does this development standstill really exist? To find that out, we first search for recently implemented CSS properties. Maybe we will find some after all? Then we take a look into the W3C's CSS crystal ball to see if there are some exciting things planned for the future.

Hi, This issue is frustrating me and on the edge of losing a client. I need HELP. I am not able to get into my clients instagram account for about 3days now. The last time the account was active was December last year. I have tried almost everything to recover the password but not successful. On web, i am told "Sorry we can't send you a link to reset password, contact help on instagram" . Nothing leads me anywhere for solution. The account is linked to its facebook page. I am able to reply messages and comments via facebook but not able to get to the account. I NEED URGENT HELP.

Three weeks ago, MyOwnBusiness Inc. received an urgent call from the IIHF (International Ice Hockey Federation) requesting a system to raise an alarm to the referee when there are too many players from the same team inside the rink. The system will be composed of three parts: • A digital camera in the ceiling to take photos of the rink every second. • A software module to extract the position of each player from the photo taken by the digital camera. • A software module to count the number of players from the same team inside the hockey rink. The team has just finished the module to count the number of players inside the hockey rink, so now it is time to implement the module to extract the players’ positions from the photo taken by the digital camera. The photo taken by the camera is given as a String[], where the x-th character of the y-th element is the color of the 2 x 2 square whose upper-left corner is at (2*x, 2*y). Colors are either uppercase letters (’A’-’Z’) or digits (’0’-’9’). Uppercase letters represent terrain features (floor, chairs, spectators, etc.) and each digit X represents the color of the uniform used by the X-th team. Two squares A and B belong to the same object if and only if there exists a chain of squares where the first square is A, the last square is B, each pair of consecutive squares in the chain shares a common edge and all the squares in the chain have the same color. The position of an object C is the center of its bounding box, where its bounding box is defined as smallest axis-aligned box that contains all the object’s squares. An object’s area is defined as the sum of the areas of all the squares that compose the object. An object is a player from the i-th team if and only if it is colored with the digit i and its area is at least threshold. Return a java.awt.Point[] containing all the players in the photo from the k-th team. Each element should represent a single player and be formatted java.awt.Point(X,Y), where (X, Y) is the center of the player’s bounding box, and X and Y have no extra leading zeros. Sort the players in increasing order by x-coordinate. Sort players with the same x-coordinate in increasing order by y-coordinate.

A positive client experience is urgent to the achievement of your business in light of the fact that a blissful client is one who is probably going to turn into a reliable client who can assist you with helping income. The most impressive showcasing available is a client who will advance your business for you - one who's faithful to your organization, advances your business through informal advertising, and promoters for your image and item or administration. The manner in which you contemplate client experience significantly affects how you view at your business in general. This is only one justification for why making and fixating on an incredible client experience is so significant. The two essential touch focuses that make the client experience are individuals and items. Could it be said that you are floored by the presentation of the item? Could it be said that you are more than happy by the consideration a client care rep gives you to assist with taking care of your concern? These are a few general instances of what variables are affecting everything while making an incredible client experience. At the highest point of each business' objectives list is to surpass its clients' assumptions to hold them as long haul followers. That is the surest approach to expanding your business income. As you would definitely know, a fulfilled client is really in the cutting edge with regards to promoting your business through both the informal exchange and online surveys. To that end you should put vigorously in further developing your client experience, especially with the cutting edge client who is extremely educated and who needs completely a quick, helpful, and "cool" shopping experience. Client experience, in basic language, is a proportion of how fulfilled clients are the point at which they draw in with your items or administrations either on the web or in your disconnected store. Market concentrates on show that a business with a first class client experience has a 17% higher potential for success of developing reliably without fail when contrasted with those with an unfortunate client experience procedure. Different investigations show that organizations whose web-based client experience is perfect have a 68% improvement potential for success concerning its internet based standing inside a period not surpassing five years. Additionally, insights show that clients consider an organization's client experience first prior to settling on buying choices, dissimilar to before when quality and costs exhorted client choices. For what reason is client experience significant for your image's prosperity? Clients go through a few touchpoints while interfacing with brands. There are such large numbers of these previously, during, and after buy, and they are similarly significant. At any touchpoint, a solitary awful encounter can wreck every one of your endeavors to convey an extraordinary client experience (CX). While brands ensure they give great client experience to their clients, they miss a couple touchpoints or should-dos. With this blog, we will take a gander at why CX must be the highest need for your association. It should be the brand's key objective so that all capacities and representatives can adjust their objectives in like manner. Here, we see 7 key motivations behind why client experience is significant for any business. 1. Expanding income As we have as of now settled, a fulfilled client will make want more and more of your items and administrations. Research shows that reliable clients add to a 300 percent income increment over a time of three years. That is in sharp difference with a disappointed client base which can diminish your incomes by up to 14% inside a schedule year. These numbers are excessively convincing for any genuine finance manager to disregard, especially remembering that further developing client experience is something straightforward to do. A straightforward demonstration of taking input from clients and afterward utilizing them to further develop your administrations is all you really want to fulfill the client. It is more regarding showing a real exertion of going above and beyond to take care of the client's concern. Conveying outstanding client encounters guarantees you high client dedication and client maintenance. The higher the client faithfulness, the more buys they will make from you. That, yet faithful clients additionally help in spreading your positive informal exchange for your image and give new clients through references. Every one of these fundamentally sway your association's business income emphatically. What organization would rather not work on its monetary execution? Apple makes for an incredible model with regards to client reliability. They make extraordinary items and give uncommon client assistance. They have probably the fiercest steadfast clients on earth. 2. Your rival is excited about poaching your dedicated clients It doesn't make any difference how lengthy you have been with a given steadfast client, the person in question will be enticed to leave for a more ideal arrangement somewhere else. Tragically, your rivals realize that reliable clients structure the foundation of your whole business, and assuming that spine is weakened, your business will come disintegrating down. You, as well, should be breathing on your rival's neck to prevail upon a portion of their reliable clients to your side. How, then, at that point, do you protect your clients from the poachers and how would you effectively poach clients from contenders? It is just through having the best client experience. 3. Extraordinary CX = connected with workers As indicated by a new review, associations that convey extraordinary CX have 1.5 times more drew in workers than associations that don't. A connected with staff is a resource for any association. They are faithful, extraordinary cooperative individuals, committed, and fall in line with organization objectives. Studies recommend associations with exceptionally drew in staff beat rivals by 147%. CX and representative experience (EX) are inseparably connected. Exceptionally drew in representatives emphatically impact the client experience. They proactively hope to track down new ways and acknowledge them to convey extraordinary client experience. 4. Turns into a piece of your way of life Client driven associations generally have clients to them and how they can charm them in various ways. To construct a client driven culture is definitely not a simple undertaking, nor would it be able to happen all of a sudden. You can begin by making it a piece of your hierarchical culture. You really want to recollect a couple of things to assemble a client driven culture in your association: Continuously understand the client Enlist up-and-comers as per your way of life Connect worker pay with client centricity Energize client collaborations 5. It is the beginning of brand backing and local area showcasing Brand backing is a situation where fulfilled clients converse with various web-based media stages to applaud a business, its client administrations, and the nature of its administrations and items. Others utilize the verbal exchange to lobby for a brand to their companions and relatives. That is an extremely powerful mission methodology for any business, both nearby and global. Something contrary to this is the place where disappointed clients spread negative audits about an organization and its items to the degree that numerous planned clients select to shop somewhere else. In both of the two situations over, the shared factor is client experience. Furthermore with the expanding web utilization across the world, social standing and mature regardless, you can't make light of the meaning of good audits on the web. They lead to expanded offers and tweets for your web-based media content, as well as online traffic to your site. This is the means by which your site gets great rankings on Google and other web search tools. Great SEO positioning is quite possibly the best procedure to secure clients on the web. 6. Putting a human face to your business Gone are the days when you could maintain your business in the background and simply emerge to convey the end result to the clients. Today, clients need to collaborate with your business at an individual level, consistently. On the off chance that you share behind the stage data with clients as well as provide them with a brief look at the individual existences of staff individuals, you make an exceptional compatibility with those clients. Acculturating your business is critical to its future development. 7. Makes you a superior organization Brands that form their techniques and drives around incredible CX are organizations that progress nicely and improve continually. Such brands are incredible hatcheries of thoughts, promoting efforts, and drives and are better organizations. They center around client trouble spots, hope to determine them effectively, and do as such with the least demanding and best arrangements. These shouldn't for a second need to constantly be enormous arrangements that require huge amounts of cash. Rackspace, a cloud foundation organization, known for its remarkable help, is an incredible model. One of their representatives was on the line with a client investigating an issue. The call had been going for a ton of time and would have gone on for an extensive time frame. The help agent, while on the call, heard one of the representatives referencing they were ravenous. The help agent put them on pause and requested them a pizza, causing them a deep sense of enjoyment. That is the force of having a brought together objective of conveying exceptional client experience and backing. Whenever client enchant and CX become piece of your way of life, you begin to scale totally new statures. You begin to advance thoughts and items to lift your client experience. You outflank your rivals and set new industry benchmarks. QuestionPro CX is an incredible stage to track, measure, and deal with your image's CX drives. There are a few incredible new highlights we sent off as of late, and a lot more are not far off. How about you pursue a preliminary record to see them in real life?