The aim of this assignment is to have you do UDP socket client / server programming with a focus on two broad aspects : Setting up the exchange between the client and server in a secure way despite the lack of a formal connection (as in TCP) between the two, so that ‘outsider’ UDP datagrams (broadcast, multicast, unicast - fortuitously or maliciously) cannot intrude on the communication. Introducing application-layer protocol data-transmission reliability, flow control and congestion control in the client and server using TCP-like ARQ sliding window mechanisms. The second item above is much more of a challenge to implement than the first, though neither is particularly trivial. But they are not tightly interdependent; each can be worked on separately at first and then integrated together at a later stage. Apart from the material in Chapters 8, 14 & 22 (especially Sections 22.5 - 22.7), and the experience you gained from the preceding assignment, you will also need to refer to the following : ioctl function (Chapter 17). get_ifi_info function (Section 17.6, Chapter 17). This function will be used by the server code to discover its node’s network interfaces so that it can bind all its interface IP addresses (see Section 22.6). ‘Race’ conditions (Section 20.5, Chapter 20) You also need a thorough understanding of how the TCP protocol implements reliable data transfer, flow control and congestion control. Chapters 17- 24 of TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 1 by W. Richard Stevens gives a good overview of TCP. Though somewhat dated for some things (it was published in 1994), it remains, overall, a good basic reference. Overview This assignment asks you to implement a primitive file transfer protocol for Unix platforms, based on UDP, and with TCP-like reliability added to the transfer operation using timeouts and sliding-window mechanisms, and implementing flow and congestion control. The server is a concurrent server which can handle multiple clients simultaneously. A client gives the server the name of a file. The server forks off a child which reads directly from the file and transfers the contents over to the client using UDP datagrams. The client prints out the file contents as they come in, in order, with nothing missing and with no duplication of content, directly on to stdout (via the receiver sliding window, of course, but with no other intermediate buffering). The file to be transferred can be of arbitrary length, but its contents are always straightforward ascii text. As an aside let me mention that assuming the file contents ascii is not as restrictive as it sounds. We can always pretend, for example, that binary files are base64 encoded (“ASCII armor”). A real file transfer protocol would, of course, have to worry about transferring files between heterogeneous platforms with different file structure conventions and semantics. The sender would first have to transform the file into a platform-independent, protocol-defined, format (using, say, ASN.1, or some such standard), and the receiver would have to transform the received file into its platform’s native file format. This kind of thing can be fairly time consuming, and is certainly very tedious, to implement, with little educational value - it is not part of this assignment. Arguments for the server You should provide the server with an input file server.in from which it reads the following information, in the order shown, one item per line : Well-known port number for server. Maximum sending sliding-window size (in datagram units). You will not be handing in your server.in file. We shall create our own when we come to test your code. So it is important that you stick strictly to the file name and content conventions specified above. The same applies to the client.in input file below. Arguments for the client The client is to be provided with an input file client.in from which it reads the following information, in the order shown, one item per line : IP address of server (not the hostname). Well-known port number of server. filename to be transferred. Receiving sliding-window size (in datagram units). Random generator seed value. Probability p of datagram loss. This should be a real number in the range [ 0.0 , 1.0 ] (value 0.0 means no loss occurs; value 1.0 means all datagrams all lost). The mean µ, in milliseconds, for an exponential distribution controlling the rate at which the client reads received datagram payloads from its receive buffer. Operation Server starts up and reads its arguments from file server.in. As we shall see, when a client communicates with the server, the server will want to know what IP address that client is using to identify the server (i.e. , the destination IP address in the incoming datagram). Normally, this can be done relatively straightforwardly using the IP_RECVDESTADDR socket option, and picking up the information using the ancillary data (‘control information’) capability of the recvmsg function. Unfortunately, Solaris 2.10 does not support the IP_RECVDESTADDR option (nor, incidentally, does it support the msg_flags option in msghdr - see p.390). This considerably complicates things. In the absence of IP_RECVDESTADDR, what the server has to do as part of its initialization phase is to bind each IP address it has (and, simultaneously, its well-known port number, which it has read in from server.in) to a separate UDP socket. The code in Section 22.6, which uses the get_ifi_info function, shows you how to do that. However, there are important differences between that code and the version you want to implement. The code of Section 22.6 binds the IP addresses and forks off a child for each address that is bound to. We do not want to do that. Instead you should have an array of socket descriptors. For each IP address, create a new socket and bind the address (and well-known port number) to the socket without forking off child processes. Creating child processes comes later, when clients arrive. The code of Section 22.6 also attempts to bind broadcast addresses. We do not want to do this. It binds a wildcard IP address, which we certainly do not want to do either. We should bind strictly only unicast addresses (including the loopback address). The get_ifi_info function (which the code in Section 22.6 uses) has to be modified so that it also gets the network masks for the IP addresses of the node, and adds these to the information stored in the linked list of ifi_info structures (see Figure 17.5, p.471) it produces. As you go binding each IP address to a distinct socket, it will be useful for later processing to build your own array of structures, where a structure element records the following information for each socket : sockfd IP address bound to the socket network mask for the IP address subnet address (obtained by doing a bit-wise and between the IP address and its network mask) Report, in a ReadMe file which you hand in with your code, on the modifications you had to introduce to ensure that only unicast addresses are bound, and on your implementation of the array of structures described above. You should print out on stdout, with an appropriate message and appropriately formatted in dotted decimal notation, the IP address, network mask, and subnet address for each socket in your array of structures (you do not need to print the sockfd). The server now uses select to monitor the sockets it has created for incoming datagrams. When it returns from select, it must use recvfrom or recvmsg to read the incoming datagram (see 6. below). When a client starts, it first reads its arguments from the file client.in. The client checks if the server host is ‘local’ to its (extended) Ethernet. If so, all its communication to the server is to occur as MSG_DONTROUTE (or SO_DONTROUTE socket option). It determines if the server host is ‘local’ as follows. The first thing the client should do is to use the modified get_ifi_info function to obtain all of its IP addresses and associated network masks. Print out on stdout, in dotted decimal notation and with an appropriate message, the IP addresses and network masks obtained. In the following, IPserver designates the IP address the client will use to identify the server, and IPclient designates the IP address the client will choose to identify itself. The client checks whether the server is on the same host. If so, it should use the loopback address 127.0.0.1 for the server (i.e. , IPserver = 127.0.0.1). IPclient should also be set to the loopback address. Otherwise it proceeds as follows: IPserver is set to the IP address for the server in the client.in file. Given IPserver and the (unicast) IP addresses and network masks for the client returned by get_ifi_info in the linked list of ifi_info structures, you should be able to figure out if the server node is ‘local’ or not. This will be discussed in class; but let me just remind you here that you should use ‘longest prefix matching’ where applicable. If there are multiple client addresses, and the server host is ‘local’, the client chooses an IP address for itself, IPclient, which matches up as ‘local’ according to your examination above. If the server host is not ‘local’, then IPclient can be chosen arbitrarily. Print out on stdout the results of your examination, as to whether the server host is ‘local’ or not, as well as the IPclient and IPserver addresses selected. Note that this manner of determining whether the server is local or not is somewhat clumsy and ‘over-engineered’, and, as such, should be viewed more in the nature of a pedagogical exercise. Ideally, we would like to look up the server IP address(es) in the routing table (see Section 18.3). This requires that a routing socket be created, for which we need superuser privilege. Alternatively, we might want to dump out the routing table, using the sysctl function for example (see Section 18.4), and examine it directly. Unfortunately, Solaris 2.10 does not support sysctl. Furthermore, note that there is a slight problem with the address 130.245.1.123/24 assigned to compserv3 (see rightmost column of file hosts, and note that this particular compserv3 address “overlaps” with the 130.245.1.x/28 addresses in that same column assigned to compserv1, compserv2 & comserv4). In particular, if the client is running on compserv3 and the server on any of the other three compservs, and if that server node is also being identified to the client by its /28 (rather than its /24) address, then the client will get a “false positive” when it tests as to whether the server node is local or not. In other words, the client will deem the server node to be local, whereas in fact it should not be considered local. Because of this, it is perhaps best simply not to use compserv3 to run the client (but it is o.k. to use it to run the server). Finally, using MSG_DONTROUTE where possible would seem to gain us efficiency, in as much as the kernel does not need to consult the routing table for every datagram sent. But, in fact, that is not so. Recall that one effect of connect with UDP sockets is that routing information is obtained by the kernel at the time the connect is issued. That information is cached and used for subsequent sends from the connected socket (see p.255). The client now creates a UDP socket and calls bind on IPclient, with 0 as the port number. This will cause the kernel to bind an ephemeral port to the socket. After the bind, use the getsockname function (Section 4.10) to obtain IPclient and the ephemeral port number that has been assigned to the socket, and print that information out on stdout, with an appropriate message and appropriately formatted. The client connects its socket to IPserver and the well-known port number of the server. After the connect, use the getpeername function (Section 4.10) to obtain IPserver and the well-known port number of the server, and print that information out on stdout, with an appropriate message and appropriately formatted. The client sends a datagram to the server giving the filename for the transfer. This send needs to be backed up by a timeout in case the datagram is lost. Note that the incoming datagram from the client will be delivered to the server at the socket to which the destination IP address that the datagram is carrying has been bound. Thus, the server can obtain that address (it is, of course, IPserver) and thereby achieve what IP_RECVDESTADDR would have given us had it been available. Furthermore, the server process can obtain the IP address (this will, of course, be IPclient) and ephemeral port number of the client through the recvfrom or recvmsg functions. The server forks off a child process to handle the client. The server parent process goes back to the select to listen for new clients. Hereafter, and unless otherwise stated, whenever we refer to the ‘server’, we mean the server child process handling the client’s file transfer, not the server parent process. Typically, the first thing the server child would be expected to do is to close all sockets it ‘inherits’ from its parent. However, this is not the case with us. The server child does indeed close the sockets it inherited, but not the socket on which the client request arrived. It leaves that socket open for now. Call this socket the ‘listening’ socket. The server (child) then checks if the client host is local to its (extended) Ethernet. If so, all its communication to the client is to occur as MSG_DONTROUTE (or SO_DONTROUTE socket option). If IPserver (obtained in 5. above) is the loopback address, then we are done. Otherwise, the server has to proceed with the following step. Use the array of structures you built in 1. above, together with the addresses IPserver and IPclient to determine if the client is ‘local’. Print out on stdout the results of your examination, as to whether the client host is ‘local’ or not. The server (child) creates a UDP socket to handle file transfer to the client. Call this socket the ‘connection’ socket. It binds the socket to IPserver, with port number 0 so that its kernel assigns an ephemeral port. After the bind, use the getsockname function (Section 4.10) to obtain IPserver and the ephemeral port number that has been assigned to the socket, and print that information out on stdout, with an appropriate message and appropriately formatted. The server then connects this ‘connection’ socket to the client’s IPclient and ephemeral port number. The server now sends the client a datagram, in which it passes it the ephemeral port number of its ‘connection’ socket as the data payload of the datagram. This datagram is sent using the ‘listening’ socket inherited from its parent, otherwise the client (whose socket is connected to the server’s ‘listening’ socket at the latter’s well-known port number) will reject it. This datagram must be backed up by the ARQ mechanism, and retransmitted in the event of loss. Note that if this datagram is indeed lost, the client might well time out and retransmit its original request message (the one carrying the file name). In this event, you must somehow ensure that the parent server does not mistake this retransmitted request for a new client coming in, and spawn off yet another child to handle it. How do you do that? It is potentially more involved than it might seem. I will be discussing this in class, as well as ‘race’ conditions that could potentially arise, depending on how you code the mechanisms I present. When the client receives the datagram carrying the ephemeral port number of the server’s ‘connection’ socket, it reconnects its socket to the server’s ‘connection’ socket, using IPserver and the ephemeral port number received in the datagram (see p.254). It now uses this reconnected socket to send the server an acknowledgment. Note that this implies that, in the event of the server timing out, it should retransmit two copies of its ‘ephemeral port number’ message, one on its ‘listening’ socket and the other on its ‘connection’ socket (why?). When the server receives the acknowledgment, it closes the ‘listening’ socket it inherited from its parent. The server can now commence the file transfer through its ‘connection’ socket. The net effect of all these binds and connects at server and client is that no ‘outsider’ UDP datagram (broadcast, multicast, unicast - fortuitously or maliciously) can now intrude on the communication between server and client. Starting with the first datagram sent out, the client behaves as follows. Whenever a datagram arrives, or an ACK is about to be sent out (or, indeed, the initial datagram to the server giving the filename for the transfer), the client uses some random number generator function random() (initialized by the client.in argument value seed) to decide with probability p (another client.in argument value) if the datagram or ACK should be discarded by way of simulating transmission loss across the network. (I will briefly discuss in class how you do this.) Adding reliability to UDP The mechanisms you are to implement are based on TCP Reno. These include : Reliable data transmission using ARQ sliding-windows, with Fast Retransmit. Flow control via receiver window advertisements. Congestion control that implements : SlowStart Congestion Avoidance (‘Additive-Increase/Multiplicative Decrease’ – AIMD) Fast Recovery (but without the window-inflation aspect of Fast Recovery) Only some, and by no means all, of the details for these are covered below. The rest will be presented in class, especially those concerning flow control and TCP Reno’s congestion control mechanisms in general : Slow Start, Congestion Avoidance, Fast Retransmit and Fast Recovery. Implement a timeout mechanism on the sender (server) side. This is available to you from Stevens, Section 22.5 . Note, however, that you will need to modify the basic driving mechanism of Figure 22.7 appropriately since the situation at the sender side is not a repetitive cycle of send-receive, but rather a straightforward progression of send-send-send-send- . . . . . . . . . . . Also, modify the RTT and RTO mechanisms of Section 22.5 as specified below. I will be discussing the details of these modifications and the reasons for them in class. Modify function rtt_stop (Fig. 22.13) so that it uses integer arithmetic rather than floating point. This will entail your also having to modify some of the variable and function parameter declarations throughout Section 22.5 from float to int, as appropriate. In the unprrt.h header file (Fig. 22.10) set : RTT_RXTMIN to 1000 msec. (1 sec. instead of the current value 3 sec.) RTT_RXTMAX to 3000 msec. (3 sec. instead of the current value 60 sec.) RTT_MAXNREXMT to 12 (instead of the current value 3) In function rtt_timeout (Fig. 22.14), after doubling the RTO in line 86, pass its value through the function rtt_minmax of Fig. 22.11 (somewhat along the lines of what is done in line 77 of rtt_stop, Fig. 22.13). Finally, note that with the modification to integer calculation of the smoothed RTT and its variation, and given the small RTT values you will experience on the cs / sbpub network, these calculations should probably now be done on a millisecond or even microsecond scale (rather than in seconds, as is the case with Stevens’ code). Otherwise, small measured RTTs could show up as 0 on a scale of seconds, yielding a negative result when we subtract the smoothed RTT from the measured RTT (line 72 of rtt_stop, Fig. 22.13). Report the details of your modifications to the code of Section 22.5 in the ReadMe file which you hand in with your code. We need to have a sender sliding window mechanism for the retransmission of lost datagrams; and a receiver sliding window in order to ensure correct sequencing of received file contents, and some measure of flow control. You should implement something based on TCP Reno’s mechanisms, with cumulative acknowledgments, receiver window advertisements, and a congestion control mechanism I will explain in detail in class. For a reference on TCP’s mechanisms generally, see W. Richard Stevens, TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 1 , especially Sections 20.2 - 20.4 of Chapter 20 , and Sections 21.1 - 21.8 of Chapter 21 . Bear in mind that our sequence numbers should count datagrams, not bytes as in TCP. Remember that the sender and receiver window sizes have to be set according to the argument values in client.in and server.in, respectively. Whenever the sender window becomes full and so ‘locks’, the server should print out a message to that effect on stdout. Similarly, whenever the receiver window ‘locks’, the client should print out a message on stdout. Be aware of the potential for deadlock when the receiver window ‘locks’. This situation is handled by having the receiver process send a duplicate ACK which acts as a window update when its window opens again (see Figure 20.3 and the discussion about it in TCP/IP Illustrated). However, this is not enough, because ACKs are not backed up by a timeout mechanism in the event they are lost. So we will also need to implement a persist timer driving window probes in the sender process (see Sections 22.1 & 22.2 in Chapter 22 of TCP/IP Illustrated). Note that you do not have to worry about the Silly Window Syndrome discussed in Section 22.3 of TCP/IP Illustrated since the receiver process consumes ‘full sized’ 512-byte messages from the receiver buffer (see 3. below). Report on the details of the ARQ mechanism you implemented in the ReadMe file you hand in. Indeed, you should report on all the TCP mechanisms you implemented in the ReadMe file, both the ones discussed here, and the ones I will be discussing in class. Make your datagram payload a fixed 512 bytes, inclusive of the file transfer protocol header (which must, at the very least, carry: the sequence number of the datagram; ACKs; and advertised window notifications). The client reads the file contents in its receive buffer and prints them out on stdout using a separate thread. This thread sits in a repetitive loop till all the file contents have been printed out, doing the following. It samples from an exponential distribution with mean µ milliseconds (read from the client.in file), sleeps for that number of milliseconds; wakes up to read and print all in-order file contents available in the receive buffer at that point; samples again from the exponential distribution; sleeps; and so on. The formula -1 × µ × ln( random( ) ) , where ln is the natural logarithm, yields variates from an exponential distribution with mean µ, based on the uniformly-distributed variates over ( 0 , 1 ) returned by random(). Note that you will need to implement some sort of mutual exclusion/semaphore mechanism on the client side so that the thread that sleeps and wakes up to consume from the receive buffer is not updating the state variables of the buffer at the same time as the main thread reading from the socket and depositing into the buffer is doing the same. Furthermore, we need to ensure that the main thread does not effectively monopolize the semaphore (and thus lock out for prolonged periods of time) the sleeping thread when the latter wakes up. See the textbook, Section 26.7, ‘Mutexes: Mutual Exclusion’, pp.697-701. You might also find Section 26.8, ‘Condition Variables’, pp.701-705, useful. You will need to devise some way by which the sender can notify the receiver when it has sent the last datagram of the file transfer, without the receiver mistaking that EOF marker as part of the file contents. (Also, note that the last data segment could be a “short” segment of less than 512 bytes – your client needs to be able to handle this correctly somehow.) When the sender receives an ACK for the last datagram of the transfer, the (child) server terminates. The parent server has to take care of cleaning up zombie children. Note that if we want a clean closing, the client process cannot simply terminate when the receiver ACKs the last datagram. This ACK could be lost, which would leave the (child) server process ‘hanging’, timing out, and retransmitting the last datagram. TCP attempts to deal with this problem by means of the TIME_WAIT state. You should have your receiver process behave similarly, sticking around in something akin to a TIME_WAIT state in case in case it needs to retransmit the ACK. In the ReadMe file you hand in, report on how you dealt with the issues raised here: sender notifying receiver of the last datagram, clean closing, and so on. Output Some of the output required from your program has been described in the section Operation above. I expect you to provide further output – clear, well-structured, well-laid-out, concise but sufficient and helpful – in the client and server windows by means of which we can trace the correct evolution of your TCP’s behaviour in all its intricacies : information (e.g., sequence number) on datagrams and acks sent and dropped, window advertisements, datagram retransmissions (and why : dup acks or RTO); entering/exiting Slow Start and Congestion Avoidance, ssthresh and cwnd values; sender and receiver windows locking/unlocking; etc., etc. . . . . The onus is on you to convince us that the TCP mechanisms you implemented are working correctly. Too many students do not put sufficient thought, creative imagination, time or effort into this. It is not the TA’s nor my responsibility to sit staring at an essentially blank screen, trying to summon up our paranormal psychology skills to figure out if your TCP implementation is really working correctly in all its very intricate aspects, simply because the transferred file seems to be printing o.k. in the client window. Nor is it our responsibility to strain our eyes and our patience wading through a mountain of obscure, ill-structured, hyper-messy, debugging-style output because, for example, your effort-conserving concept of what is ‘suitable’ is to dump your debugging output on us, relevant, irrelevant, and everything in between.

# All paths in this configuration file are relative to Dynmap's data-folder: minecraft_server/dynmap/ # All map templates are defined in the templates directory # To use the HDMap very-low-res (2 ppb) map templates as world defaults, set value to vlowres # The definitions of these templates are in normal-vlowres.txt, nether-vlowres.txt, and the_end-vlowres.txt # To use the HDMap low-res (4 ppb) map templates as world defaults, set value to lowres # The definitions of these templates are in normal-lowres.txt, nether-lowres.txt, and the_end-lowres.txt # To use the HDMap hi-res (16 ppb) map templates (these can take a VERY long time for initial fullrender), set value to hires # The definitions of these templates are in normal-hires.txt, nether-hires.txt, and the_end-hires.txt # To use the HDMap low-res (4 ppb) map templates, with support for boosting resolution selectively to hi-res (16 ppb), set value to low_boost_hi # The definitions of these templates are in normal-low_boost_hi.txt, nether-low_boost_hi.txt, and the_end-low_boost_hi.txt # To use the HDMap hi-res (16 ppb) map templates, with support for boosting resolution selectively to vhi-res (32 ppb), set value to hi_boost_vhi # The definitions of these templates are in normal-hi_boost_vhi.txt, nether-hi_boost_vhi.txt, and the_end-hi_boost_vhi.txt # To use the HDMap hi-res (16 ppb) map templates, with support for boosting resolution selectively to xhi-res (64 ppb), set value to hi_boost_xhi # The definitions of these templates are in normal-hi_boost_xhi.txt, nether-hi_boost_xhi.txt, and the_end-hi_boost_xhi.txt deftemplatesuffix: lowres # Map storage scheme: only uncommoent one 'type' value # filetree: classic and default scheme: tree of files, with all map data under the directory indicated by 'tilespath' setting # sqlite: single SQLite database file (this can get VERY BIG), located at 'dbfile' setting (default is file dynmap.db in data directory) # mysql: MySQL database, at hostname:port in database, accessed via userid with password # mariadb: MariaDB database, at hostname:port in database, accessed via userid with password # postgres: PostgreSQL database, at hostname:port in database, accessed via userid with password storage: # Filetree storage (standard tree of image files for maps) type: filetree # SQLite db for map storage (uses dbfile as storage location) #type: sqlite #dbfile: dynmap.db # MySQL DB for map storage (at 'hostname':'port' in database 'database' using user 'userid' password 'password' and table prefix 'prefix' #type: mysql #hostname: localhost #port: 3306 #database: dynmap #userid: dynmap #password: dynmap #prefix: "" components: - class: org.dynmap.ClientConfigurationComponent - class: org.dynmap.InternalClientUpdateComponent sendhealth: true sendposition: true allowwebchat: true webchat-interval: 5 hidewebchatip: false trustclientname: false includehiddenplayers: false # (optional) if true, color codes in player display names are used use-name-colors: false # (optional) if true, player login IDs will be used for web chat when their IPs match use-player-login-ip: true # (optional) if use-player-login-ip is true, setting this to true will cause chat messages not matching a known player IP to be ignored require-player-login-ip: false # (optional) block player login IDs that are banned from chatting block-banned-player-chat: true # Require login for web-to-server chat (requires login-enabled: true) webchat-requires-login: false # If set to true, users must have dynmap.webchat permission in order to chat webchat-permissions: false # Limit length of single chat messages chatlengthlimit: 256 # # Optional - make players hidden when they are inside/underground/in shadows (#=light level: 0=full shadow,15=sky) # hideifshadow: 4 # # Optional - make player hidden when they are under cover (#=sky light level,0=underground,15=open to sky) # hideifundercover: 14 # # (Optional) if true, players that are crouching/sneaking will be hidden hideifsneaking: false # If true, player positions/status is protected (login with ID with dynmap.playermarkers.seeall permission required for info other than self) protected-player-info: false # If true, hide players with invisibility potion effects active hide-if-invisiblity-potion: true # If true, player names are not shown on map, chat, list hidenames: false #- class: org.dynmap.JsonFileClientUpdateComponent # writeinterval: 1 # sendhealth: true # sendposition: true # allowwebchat: true # webchat-interval: 5 # hidewebchatip: false # includehiddenplayers: false # use-name-colors: false # use-player-login-ip: false # require-player-login-ip: false # block-banned-player-chat: true # hideifshadow: 0 # hideifundercover: 0 # hideifsneaking: false # # Require login for web-to-server chat (requires login-enabled: true) # webchat-requires-login: false # # If set to true, users must have dynmap.webchat permission in order to chat # webchat-permissions: false # # Limit length of single chat messages # chatlengthlimit: 256 # hide-if-invisiblity-potion: true # hidenames: false - class: org.dynmap.SimpleWebChatComponent allowchat: true # If true, web UI users can supply name for chat using 'playername' URL parameter. 'trustclientname' must also be set true. allowurlname: false # Note: this component is needed for the dmarker commands, and for the Marker API to be available to other plugins - class: org.dynmap.MarkersComponent type: markers showlabel: false enablesigns: false # Default marker set for sign markers default-sign-set: markers # (optional) add spawn point markers to standard marker layer showspawn: true spawnicon: world spawnlabel: "Spawn" # (optional) layer for showing offline player's positions (for 'maxofflinetime' minutes after logoff) showofflineplayers: false offlinelabel: "Offline" offlineicon: offlineuser offlinehidebydefault: true offlineminzoom: 0 maxofflinetime: 30 # (optional) layer for showing player's spawn beds showspawnbeds: false spawnbedlabel: "Spawn Beds" spawnbedicon: bed spawnbedhidebydefault: true spawnbedminzoom: 0 spawnbedformat: "%name%'s bed" # (optional) Show world border (vanilla 1.8+) showworldborder: true worldborderlabel: "Border" - class: org.dynmap.ClientComponent type: chat allowurlname: false - class: org.dynmap.ClientComponent type: chatballoon focuschatballoons: false - class: org.dynmap.ClientComponent type: chatbox showplayerfaces: true messagettl: 5 # Optional: set number of lines in scrollable message history: if set, messagettl is not used to age out messages #scrollback: 100 # Optional: set maximum number of lines visible for chatbox #visiblelines: 10 # Optional: send push button sendbutton: false - class: org.dynmap.ClientComponent type: playermarkers showplayerfaces: true showplayerhealth: true # If true, show player body too (only valid if showplayerfaces=true showplayerbody: false # Option to make player faces small - don't use with showplayerhealth smallplayerfaces: false # Optional - make player faces layer hidden by default hidebydefault: false # Optional - ordering priority in layer menu (low goes before high - default is 0) layerprio: 0 # Optional - label for player marker layer (default is 'Players') label: "Players" #- class: org.dynmap.ClientComponent # type: digitalclock - class: org.dynmap.ClientComponent type: link - class: org.dynmap.ClientComponent type: timeofdayclock showdigitalclock: true #showweather: true # Mouse pointer world coordinate display - class: org.dynmap.ClientComponent type: coord label: "Location" hidey: false show-mcr: false show-chunk: false # Note: more than one logo component can be defined #- class: org.dynmap.ClientComponent # type: logo # text: "Dynmap" # #logourl: "images/block_surface.png" # linkurl: "http://forums.bukkit.org/threads/dynmap.489/" # # Valid positions: top-left, top-right, bottom-left, bottom-right # position: bottom-right #- class: org.dynmap.ClientComponent # type: inactive # timeout: 1800 # in seconds (1800 seconds = 30 minutes) # redirecturl: inactive.html # #showmessage: 'You were inactive for too long.' #- class: org.dynmap.TestComponent # stuff: "This is some configuration-value" # Treat hiddenplayers.txt as a whitelist for players to be shown on the map? (Default false) display-whitelist: false # How often a tile gets rendered (in seconds). renderinterval: 1 # How many tiles on update queue before accelerate render interval renderacceleratethreshold: 60 # How often to render tiles when backlog is above renderacceleratethreshold renderaccelerateinterval: 0.2 # How many update tiles to work on at once (if not defined, default is 1/2 the number of cores) tiles-rendered-at-once: 2 # If true, use normal priority threads for rendering (versus low priority) - this can keep rendering # from starving on busy Windows boxes (Linux JVMs pretty much ignore thread priority), but may result # in more competition for CPU resources with other processes usenormalthreadpriority: true # Save and restore pending tile renders - prevents their loss on server shutdown or /reload saverestorepending: true # Save period for pending jobs (in seconds): periodic saving for crash recovery of jobs save-pending-period: 900 # Zoom-out tile update period - how often to scan for and process tile updates into zoom-out tiles (in seconds) zoomoutperiod: 30 # Control whether zoom out tiles are validated on startup (can be needed if zoomout processing is interrupted, but can be expensive on large maps) initial-zoomout-validate: true # Default delay on processing of updated tiles, in seconds. This can reduce potentially expensive re-rendering # of frequently updated tiles (such as due to machines, pistons, quarries or other automation). Values can # also be set on individual worlds and individual maps. tileupdatedelay: 30 # Tile hashing is used to minimize tile file updates when no changes have occurred - set to false to disable enabletilehash: true # Optional - hide ores: render as normal stone (so that they aren't revealed by maps) #hideores: true # Optional - enabled BetterGrass style rendering of grass and snow block sides #better-grass: true # Optional - enable smooth lighting by default on all maps supporting it (can be set per map as lighting option) smooth-lighting: true # Optional - use world provider lighting table (good for custom worlds with custom lighting curves, like nether) # false=classic Dynmap lighting curve use-brightness-table: true # Optional - render specific block names using the textures and models of another block name: can be used to hide/disguise specific # blocks (e.g. make ores look like stone, hide chests) or to provide simple support for rendering unsupported custom blocks block-alias: # "minecraft:quartz_ore": "stone" # "diamond_ore": "coal_ore" # Default image format for HDMaps (png, jpg, jpg-q75, jpg-q80, jpg-q85, jpg-q90, jpg-q95, jpg-q100, webp, webp-q75, webp-q80, webp-q85, webp-q90, webp-q95, webp-q100), # Note: any webp format requires the presence of the 'webp command line tools' (cwebp, dwebp) (https://developers.google.com/speed/webp/download) # # Has no effect on maps with explicit format settings image-format: jpg-q90 # If cwebp or dwebp are not on the PATH, use these settings to provide their full path. Do not use these settings if the tools are on the PATH # For Windows, include .exe # #cwebpPath: /usr/bin/cwebp #dwebpPath: /usr/bin/dwebp # use-generated-textures: if true, use generated textures (same as client); false is static water/lava textures # correct-water-lighting: if true, use corrected water lighting (same as client); false is legacy water (darker) # transparent-leaves: if true, leaves are transparent (lighting-wise): false is needed for some Spout versions that break lighting on leaf blocks use-generated-textures: true correct-water-lighting: true transparent-leaves: true # ctm-support: if true, Connected Texture Mod (CTM) in texture packs is enabled (default) ctm-support: true # custom-colors-support: if true, Custom Colors in texture packs is enabled (default) custom-colors-support: true # Control loading of player faces (if set to false, skins are never fetched) #fetchskins: false # Control updating of player faces, once loaded (if faces are being managed by other apps or manually) #refreshskins: false # Customize URL used for fetching player skins (%player% is macro for name) skin-url: "http://skins.minecraft.net/MinecraftSkins/%player%.png" # Control behavior for new (1.0+) compass orientation (sunrise moved 90 degrees: east is now what used to be south) # default is 'newrose' (preserve pre-1.0 maps, rotate rose) # 'newnorth' is used to rotate maps and rose (requires fullrender of any HDMap map - same as 'newrose' for FlatMap or KzedMap) compass-mode: newnorth # Triggers for automatic updates : blockupdate-with-id is debug for breaking down updates by ID:meta # To disable, set just 'none' and comment/delete the rest render-triggers: - blockupdate #- blockupdate-with-id #- lightingupdate - chunkpopulate - chunkgenerate #- none # Title for the web page - if not specified, defaults to the server's name (unless it is the default of 'Unknown Server') #webpage-title: "My Awesome Server Map" # The path where the tile-files are placed. tilespath: web/tiles # The path where the web-files are located. webpath: web # The path were the /dynmapexp command exports OBJ ZIP files exportpath: export # The network-interface the webserver will bind to (0.0.0.0 for all interfaces, 127.0.0.1 for only local access). # If not set, uses same setting as server in server.properties (or 0.0.0.0 if not specified) #webserver-bindaddress: 0.0.0.0 # The TCP-port the webserver will listen on. webserver-port: 8123 # Maximum concurrent session on internal web server - limits resources used in Bukkit server max-sessions: 30 # Disables Webserver portion of Dynmap (Advanced users only) disable-webserver: false # Enable/disable having the web server allow symbolic links (true=compatible with existing code, false=more secure (default)) allow-symlinks: true # Enable login support login-enabled: false # Require login to access website (requires login-enabled: true) login-required: false # Period between tile renders for fullrender, in seconds (non-zero to pace fullrenders, lessen CPU load) timesliceinterval: 0.0 # Maximum chunk loads per server tick (1/20th of a second) - reducing this below 90 will impact render performance, but also will reduce server thread load maxchunkspertick: 200 # Progress report interval for fullrender/radiusrender, in tiles. Must be 100 or greater progressloginterval: 100 # Parallel fullrender: if defined, number of concurrent threads used for fullrender or radiusrender # Note: setting this will result in much more intensive CPU use, some additional memory use. Caution should be used when # setting this to equal or exceed the number of physical cores on the system. #parallelrendercnt: 4 # Interval the browser should poll for updates. updaterate: 2000 # If nonzero, server will pause fullrender/radiusrender processing when 'fullrenderplayerlimit' or more users are logged in fullrenderplayerlimit: 0 # If nonzero, server will pause update render processing when 'updateplayerlimit' or more users are logged in updateplayerlimit: 0 # Target limit on server thread use - msec per tick per-tick-time-limit: 50 # If TPS of server is below this setting, update renders processing is paused update-min-tps: 18.0 # If TPS of server is below this setting, full/radius renders processing is paused fullrender-min-tps: 18.0 # If TPS of server is below this setting, zoom out processing is paused zoomout-min-tps: 18.0 showplayerfacesinmenu: true # Control whether players that are hidden or not on current map are grayed out (true=yes) grayplayerswhenhidden: true # Set sidebaropened: 'true' to pin menu sidebar opened permanently, 'pinned' to default the sidebar to pinned, but allow it to unpin #sidebaropened: true # Customized HTTP response headers - add 'id: value' pairs to all HTTP response headers (internal web server only) #http-response-headers: # Access-Control-Allow-Origin: "my-domain.com" # X-Custom-Header-Of-Mine: "MyHeaderValue" # Trusted proxies for web server - which proxy addresses are trusted to supply valid X-Forwarded-For fields trusted-proxies: - "127.0.0.1" - "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" joinmessage: "%playername% joined" quitmessage: "%playername% quit" spammessage: "You may only chat once every %interval% seconds." # format for messages from web: %playername% substitutes sender ID (typically IP), %message% includes text webmsgformat: "&color;2[WEB] %playername%: &color;f%message%" # Control whether layer control is presented on the UI (default is true) showlayercontrol: true # Enable checking for banned IPs via banned-ips.txt (internal web server only) check-banned-ips: true # Default selection when map page is loaded defaultzoom: 0 defaultworld: world defaultmap: flat # (optional) Zoom level and map to switch to when following a player, if possible #followzoom: 3 #followmap: surface # If true, make persistent record of IP addresses used by player logins, to support web IP to player matching persist-ids-by-ip: true # If true, map text to cyrillic cyrillic-support: false # Messages to customize msg: maptypes: "Map Types" players: "Players" chatrequireslogin: "Chat Requires Login" chatnotallowed: "You are not permitted to send chat messages" hiddennamejoin: "Player joined" hiddennamequit: "Player quit" # URL for client configuration (only need to be tailored for proxies or other non-standard configurations) url: # configuration URL #configuration: "up/configuration" # update URL #update: "up/world/{world}/{timestamp}" # sendmessage URL #sendmessage: "up/sendmessage" # login URL #login: "up/login" # register URL #register: "up/register" # tiles base URL #tiles: "tiles/" # markers base URL #markers: "tiles/" # Snapshot cache size, in chunks snapshotcachesize: 500 # Snapshot cache uses soft references (true), else weak references (false) soft-ref-cache: true # Player enter/exit title messages for map markers # # Processing period - how often to check player positions vs markers - default is 1000ms (1 second) #enterexitperiod: 1000 # Title message fade in time, in ticks (0.05 second intervals) - default is 10 (1/2 second) #titleFadeIn: 10 # Title message stay time, in ticks (0.05 second intervals) - default is 70 (3.5 seconds) #titleStay: 70 # Title message fade out time, in ticks (0.05 seocnd intervals) - default is 20 (1 second) #titleFadeOut: 20 # Enter/exit messages use on screen titles (true - default), if false chat messages are sent instead #enterexitUseTitle: true # Set true if new enter messages should supercede pending exit messages (vs being queued in order), default false #enterReplacesExits: true # Set to true to enable verbose startup messages - can help with debugging map configuration problems # Set to false for a much quieter startup log verbose: false # Enables debugging. #debuggers: # - class: org.dynmap.debug.LogDebugger # Debug: dump blocks missing render data dump-missing-blocks: false

Save the last 30 seconds of audio to text using ai. Send that text to a notion page, readwise, obsidian, or just save it locally in a text file.

Communication Skills Have you ever attempted to convey the desired information? Maybe you took a stab at pitching an earth shattering venture, you were tasked with running a departmental meeting, or you expected to convey a convincing presentation. You did as well as can possibly be expected, however all you got were vague looks and ungainly quiets. Odds are, there wasn't much amiss with what you were attempting to say; it's simply that you expected to chip away at how you said it. The best communicators rouse and spur individuals, help them to make successful move, and expel obstructions to their comprehension. Lamentably, numerous businessmen think that its difficult to impart viably — we've all gotten tremendous, language ridden messages, and we've encountered the misconception, dissatisfaction and missed open doors that accompany them. Be that as it may, with the right aptitudes, anybody can turn into an outstanding communicator Add to My Personal Learning Plan. Perused on, and you can take in more than 130 intense relational abilities, gathered into the accompanying areas: Appreciate finding out about them, and appreciate turning into an expert communicator! Understanding the Fundamentals From starting aim, through structure and conveyance, to elucidation and input, your message will take after a procedure called the Communication Cycle Add to My Personal Learning Plan. Your message needs to succeed at every phase of this cycle, so structure it precisely to address your gathering of people's needs and desires, and to be fitting to the channel that you're utilizing. Be that as it may, correspondence is a two-way process, and you'll just realize that you've succeeded by paying consideration on input. Things being what they are, before imparting up close and personal, invest some energy asking you, "How great are my listening aptitudes? Add to My Personal Learning Plan" Demonstrate the general population you're conversing with that you truly are accepting their messages by listening empathically Add to My Personal Learning Plan and effectively Add to My Personal Learning Plan. Figure out how to be careful Add to My Personal Learning Plan, create sympathy Add to My Personal Learning Plan, and attempt to get a handle on other individuals' perspectives Add to My Personal Learning Plan with the goal that you go to a mutual comprehension Add to My Personal Learning Plan. This, thus, will permit you to make fantastic associations Add to My Personal Learning Plan with them. Taken together, these aptitudes can make your work environment more satisfied and more beneficial . In any case, to accomplish this, you have to begin with an arrangement. Arranging Your Communications The reason for good interchanges arranging Add to My Personal Learning Plan is to get the right message to the right individuals in the correct way. It sounds basic, yet numerous specialists neglect to arrange their interchanges appropriately, prompting misconception, dissatisfaction and missed open doors. The initial move toward a compelling interchanges arrangement is to make a system Add to My Personal Learning Plan that sets out your comprehension of your gathering of people and how to achieve it. Try not to make suppositions: listen keenly to comprehend others' conclusions, needs and concerns, and ask the right inquiries Add to My Personal Learning Plan in the correct way. At that point, use instruments like the Rhetorical Triangle Add to My Personal Learning Plan to structure your message to assess individuals' desires, the setting they're in, and what you need your message to accomplish. In the event that you need your gathering of people to make a move, investigate utilizing Monroe's Motivated Sequence Add to My Personal Learning Plan to enthuse and move it. Furthermore, consider drawing in individuals' feelings with narrating Add to My Personal Learning Plan that both illuminates them and sets up some shared view. Whatever the medium or style you pick, recall to keep your message basic Add to My Personal Learning Plan, and abstain from utilizing language Add to My Personal Learning Plan — our article on the 7 Cs of Communication Add to My Personal Learning Plan assists with this. Keep the data firmly composed in independent pieces Add to My Personal Learning Plan that are straightforward, and let effortlessness and clarity be your aide. Conveying Powerfully in Writing At work, nobody has room schedule-wise to waste interpreting gravely composed messages, meandering reports, or dry, over-entangled messages. This is the reason compelling written work abilities Add to My Personal Learning Plan are an unquestionable requirement. Your composed correspondences are rivaling so much other data that they have to get your crowd's thoughtfulness regarding be effective. This is the place it can utilize modified pyramid composing Add to My Personal Learning Plan, where the key focuses lead the pack. "Keeping things tight" is especially critical when you're composing messages Add to My Personal Learning Plan, where curtness, clarity and utilization of smart headlines are all crucial procedures Add to My Personal Learning Plan. Abstain from meandering, utilizing the wrong tone, and other basic oversights Add to My Personal Learning Plan. This guidance additionally applies to texting (IM) Add to My Personal Learning Plan, yet you should be much briefer with this. Longer bits of composing, especially business reports Add to My Personal Learning Plan, should be sorted out unmistakably and legitimately, so that the peruse knows precisely where to search for the data that he or she needs, and isn't put off by a mass of unstructured information. Imparting Impressively Face-to-Face To manufacture great connections Add to My Personal Learning Plan and draw in Add to My Personal Learning Plan individuals through your correspondence, you have to create affectability and the capacity to react decidedly and usefully add to My Personal Learning Plan to what they need to say. It's pretty much as essential to make a decent early introduction Add to My Personal Learning Plan in individual as it is in composing. Whatever your discussion's setting, be on time, be adequate, and try to be transparent. Put individuals at their straightforwardness with some babble Add to My Personal Learning Plan, and make certain to listen deliberately to their reactions. It's helpful to have the capacity to think and react quickly Add to My Personal Learning Plan, especially in circumstances where you need to talk without notice Add to My Personal Learning Plan. Assembled a convincing lift pitch Add to My Personal Learning Plan, so you can take full favorable position of any risk experience. Keep in mind that not all eye to eye correspondence is verbal. Indeed, when individuals are discussing their sentiments and feelings, the verbal piece of their message may add up to as meager as seven percent Add to My Personal Learning Plan of the entire correspondence. A skilful communicator figures out how to both read and utilize non-verbal communication Add to My Personal Learning Plan, and in addition listening to the words utilized. Running Productive Meetings Numerous individuals hate gatherings. Poor relational abilities can be a critical reason for this, and seriously run gatherings can abandon you feeling baffled and confounded about what to do next. You've most likely seen a colleague who commands, innovation that comes up short at the pivotal minute, or a pioneer who doesn't comprehend the meeting's motivation. It's rankling, yet it doesn't need to be that path - by taking in a scope of clear aptitudes, you can deal with any meeting adroitly and proficiently. The essential principles for running viable gatherings Add to My Personal Learning Plan are to build up your goal and stick to it, keep the meeting as short as could reasonably be expected, and ensure that every one of the members are content with the procedure. In any case, to be a top-class facilitator Add to My Personal Learning Plan, you additionally should have the capacity to: Outline and plan a meeting. Get individuals required from the begin with appropriate icebreakers Add to My Personal Learning Plan. Guide and control the gathering amid the meeting. Record the key focuses Add to My Personal Learning Plan successfully. Ensure that members comprehend what they have to do after the meeting. Not each meeting will race to arrange, in any case. On the off chance that your gatherings have a tendency to meander, you can figure out how to guide exchange Add to My Personal Learning Plan, to help you to convey request to disorder and to ensure that everybody gets their say in a composed way. Struggle can emerge when individuals have distinctive perspectives, so make certain to deal with that contention Add to My Personal Learning Plan, so it has a gainful result. Settle on beyond any doubt that collective choices are target and normal, notwithstanding when a meeting is free of contention. Furthermore, don't give oblivious obedience A chance to add to My Personal Learning Plan, inclination Add to My Personal Learning Planar other intuition traps wreck what you're attempting to accomplish. These, and different issues with gathering progression Add to My Personal Learning Plan, are shockingly regular, and they can genuinely undermine a meeting's prosperity. Giving Great Presentations Presentations are a center a portion of some well-run gatherings, however how would you ensure that your presentations are rousing and inspiring? You'll require an assortment of aptitudes Add to My Personal Learning Plan to present well. Arrangement your presentation Add to My Personal Learning Plan painstakingly. You'll discover conveying an incredible presentation Add to My Personal Learning Plan much less demanding on the off chance that you've taken an ideal opportunity to specialty what you're going to say, and picked the right structure and style Add to My Personal Learning Plan to ensure that your message has most extreme clarity and visual effect Add to My Personal Learning Plan. Move between solid realities and conceptual thoughts as you present, utilizing the Ladder of Abstraction Add to My Personal Learning Plan - this will help you to talk viably and truly to a wide crowd. Set up the room and check any props or IT equipment. It's no simple assignment to unite every one of these components. Look out for basic presentation botches Add to My Personal Learning Plan, and recall that even the slickest moderator encounters presentation nerves Add to My Personal Learning Plan, so you can conquer them, as well. On the off chance that you comprehend your gathering of people Add to My Personal Learning Plan, you'll have the capacity to get ready drawing in substance and get to be certain about open speaking Add to My Personal Learning Plan. All things considered, gifted moderators are made, not conceived. Winning Others Over Indeed, even the most skilfully organized and conveyed message won't generally get the up front investment that you need. Be that as it may, with great impacting and arrangement aptitudes, you can counteract or resolve clashes and get what you require. There are a few approaches to approach such a discussion. Where you need to construct long haul connections, Win-Win Negotiation Add to My Personal Learning Plan helps you to discover an answer that is worthy to everybody. Be that as it may, you ought to arrange for what you'll do if the going gets extreme by comprehension about Distributive Bargaining Add to My Personal Learning Plan. Use Lewicki and Hiam's Negotiation Matrix Add to My Personal Learning Plan to pick the best transaction system for your circumstance. Take consideration to evade basic arrangement botches Add to My Personal Learning Plan. Whatever your circumstance and the kind of arrangement, it's critical to approach it both decisively and cooperatively, regardless of the fact that you may need to say "No." Add to My Personal Learning Plan As a component of this; build up what everyone included truly needs, with the goal that you can be certain about your position. Influence is the craft of inspiring individuals to concur with you as it's firmly identified with transaction. Effective influence Add to My Personal Learning Plan depends on four things: setting up your believability Add to My Personal Learning Plan, discovering shared belief with the individual that you're convincing, giving proof that you're correct, and making a passionate association. You can at present get your direction regardless of the possibility that exclusive a couple people Add to My Personal Learning Plan share your perspective. Apply the ABCD of Trust Add to My Personal Learning Plan and recognize something to deal with, and you might be amazed by what you can accomplish. Acing the Art of Feedback Trust is likewise at the heart of giving input adequately – this is a standout amongst the most essential abilities that you can learn as an administrator. Understanding and being comprehended by your associates includes being open about yourself Add to My Personal Learning Plan and discovering approaches to share data Add to My Personal Learning Plan with them, and in addition welcoming their perspectives. The input that you give your colleagues may not generally be sure, but rather, in the event that you figure out how to do it well, you can have a tremendous effect to their execution. Obviously, there are two sides to each coin: figuring out how to get and follow up on input about your own particular execution brings advantages, as well. It's a smart thought to survey how well you give criticism Add to My Personal Learning Plan at this moment, and how you may move forward. You ought to dependably go for a constructive result Add to My Personal Learning Plan; this applies whether you're commending an associate Add to My Personal Learning Plan or managing an issue with her execution. In either case, attempt to structure your input: center your remarks on specific circumstances, practices and effects Add to My Personal Learning Plan, keeping them particular. Take a gander at the harmony between your constructive and pessimistic remarks Add to My Personal Learning Plan, and the impact that they have. In the event that it's you who has gotten input, use it valuably Add to My Personal Learning Plan by dissecting it and pondering how you can respond to it. Make assuming liability Add to My Personal Learning Plan for your execution and building up your aptitudes a constructive ordeal, however unsettling the criticism may have initially appeared. Acknowledge constructive feedback Add to My Personal Learning Plan as a method for enhancing your execution – and do whatever it takes not to be guarded. In any case, in the event that you trust that the feedback is unreasonable Add to My Personal Learning Plan, stay firm. Provoke it sanely and graciously. Figure out how to oversee contrary input Add to My Personal Learning Plan with self-addressing strategies Add to My Personal Learning Plan that help you to enhance what you do. Get your actualities together and get ready to display an answer for the issue that has been highlighted. Taking care of Difficult Communication Situations With Grace Encountering negative criticism isn't the main troublesome correspondence circumstance that you may go over. At times you may have strained or fierce discussions amid which you should be self-assured add to My Personal Learning Plan. Challenge irrational solicitations Add to My Personal Learning Plan and pay special mind to control Add to My Personal Learning Plan. Figure out how to show character Add to My Personal Learning Plan, and to hold fast when you're certain that you're correct. By and large, you can maintain a strategic distance from a gigantic measure of disappointment by knowing when and how to talk up Add to My Personal Learning Plan, regardless of the fact that you think that its troublesome. Make sure not to befuddle affirming your rights and conclusions with being forceful, however. Figure out how to get what you require by working together with others, not just by bullying them. Discovering shared opinion along these lines is especially imperative in the event that you wind up working with somebody that you don't care for Add to My Personal Learning Plan. In this condition, you have to attempt to set up an association that will permit you to cooperate, however troublesome that might be. Searching for associations can likewise help in different circumstances. On the off chance that you need to convince somebody who has officially dismisses your conclusion and shut his psyche Add to My Personal Learning Plan to your contention, for instance, you'll have to stay quiet, objective and self-assured. You can test and question presumptions, draw others into the verbal confrontation, and make the conditions for agreement on the off chance that you have the truths to hand. In any case, consider utilizing pretend Add to My Personal Learning Plan to get ready for the difficulties and feeling that may in any case emerge. In the event that you ever need to convey awful news Add to My Personal Learning Plan, do as such obviously and genuinely. To "let somebody go" Add to My Personal Learning Plan is about the hardest thing any chief can do; ensure that you are immediate, legitimate and, most importantly, reasonable. On the off chance that the news is truly awful, and you're accused of taking care of an emergency Add to My Personal Learning Plan, keep the lines of correspondence with your partners open. On the off chance that you don't, talk and chatter will move into fill the void, with negative results. So control the circumstance, exhibit ability, and console your collaborators that you're acting sincerely and transparently.

The Mood-wise Song Recommendation code in Python suggests songs based on the user's mood. It analyzes input parameters, such as emotions or genre preferences, and recommends songs that align with the user's mood. The code enhances music listening experiences by providing personalized song recommendations tailored to the user's emotional state.

AKS BELA IELTS Training Established in 2014, MAKS BELA International has grown into an elite training Centre in Chennai Ambattur. Our trainings are designed to give the candidates sufficient practice in the techniques required for taking the IELTS Test with full confidence. Our specially tailored training programme gives the candidates enough confidence to enable one to score high in IELTS test. General Overview: MAKS BELA International IELTS program is designed to help the student crack the test. It involves class lectures on core concepts taught by faculty who specialize in coaching for standardized tests. The coaching is carried out in small groups to maximize attention given to each student. Apart from lectures, all possible study material is provided in an organized manner to students for practice and review. Student is administered 10 full length tests before test date to experience fatigue and get realistic experience. In addition, MAKS BELA International program includes: Not time bound but a result oriented program– MAKS BELA is with you until you feel adequately prepared to take the exam Personalized study plan for each student based on diagnostic test. Unlimited access to computer test room and study space in centers Batch timings assigned around your commitments. Score monitoring program that charts student’s progress throughout the program. Library facility available to all students that provides access to all the best test prep material. Highlights of MAKS BELA training Regular, Weekend & Crash Courses Unmatched Class rooms Comprehensive Study Material Section Wise repeated training Experienced Faculty Convenient location Reasonable Fee Excellent results Details of MAKS BELA training Regular batch (Monday to Friday) for 6 weeks plus 2 weeks practice session plus weekly mock test. Monday to Friday 10.00 am to 8.00 pm Fees Rs. 10000+ service tax & study material Crash course (4 weeks) 1 modules per week Fees Rs. 7500+ service tax & study material Weekend batch for 2 to 3 months Fees Rs. 10000+ service tax & study material The IELTS (International English Language Testing System) is a paper based test which is given to demonstrate English language proficiency and is often a requirement for students applying to Universities around the world. IELTS The IELTS is about two hours and forty five mins long. There are two versions of the test: Academic or General Training – depending on whether you want to study, work, or migrate overseas. IELTS test consists of four sub-tests: Reading, Writing, Listening and Speaking. All students take the same listening and speaking tests but there are different reading and writing tests for the Academic and General modules. IELTS Academic IELTS Academic measures English language proficiency needed for an academic, higher learning environment. The tasks and texts are accessible to anyone, irrespective of your subject focus. The Academic format is, broadly speaking, for those who want to study or train in a university that teaches in English at undergraduate or postgraduate level, or institutions of higher and further education. Many professions (e.g. medical, nursing, accounting, engineering) also require an Academic test result for registration purposes in many countries IELTS General IELTS General Training measures English language proficiency in a practical, everyday context. The tasks and texts reflect both workplace and social situations. The General Training version of the test is typically for those who are going to English-speaking countries to do secondary education, work experience or training programs. This version of the test is also often a visa requirement if you are planning to migrate to English speaking countries including Australia, the UK, Canada and New Zealand. IELTS TEST The scores are on a scale of 1 to 9 and are valid for two years. The test is offered 48 times a year, usually on Saturdays or Thursdays. The IELTS measures your ability to use and understand English at the university level and evaluates how well you combine your listening, reading, speaking and writing skills to perform academic tasks. All candidates must complete four Modules in IELTS- Listening, Reading, Writing and speaking to obtain an IELTS Test Report Form. Candidates are tested in Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking. All candidates take the same Listening and Speaking Modules in IELTS. There is a choice between Academic and General Training in the Reading and Writing Modules of IELTS. Total Test Time 2 hours 44 minutes IELTS Reading (60 minutes) (Scoring scale: 0-9 bands) IELTS Reading has 3 passages and 40 items (questions). Each item is worth one mark. IELTS Writing (60 minutes) (Scoring scale: 0-9 bands) It consists of 2 tasks (Writing Task 1 and Writing Task 2) and candidates must answer BOTH tasks. IELTS Listening (40 minutes) (Scoring scale: 0-9 bands) IELTS Listening has four sections, each with 10 items (or questions). Each item is worth one mark. IELTS Speaking (11-14 minutes) (Scoring scale: 0-9 bands) IELTS Speaking is a one-to-one interaction between the candidate and an examiner The tests are designed to cover the full range of ability from non-user to expert user. IELTS-Reading, Listening and Writing modules must be completed in one day. The IELTS Speaking module may be taken, at the discretion of the test centre, in the period seven days before or after the other modules. Registration for the IELTS requires a valid passport and an exam fee of INR 11,800. Listening: This test is for 30 minutes and consists of 40 questions in each of the 4 sections. It tests your listening abilities in the English language. Test taker is asked to listen to conversations, topics, etc and answer questions based on what was heard. You also have to complete certain summaries, sentences and answer short questions. Academic Reading: This test is for 60 minutes and consists of 40 questions in each of the 4 sections. Each section has 1 long passage. Test taker has to read passages and answer questions that follow. Passages are designed for non specialist audience and are factual, analytical, and descriptive in nature. General Reading: This is a 60 minutes long test and consists of 3 sections and 40 items. Each section has 2 to 3 passages, which are extracted from workplace conditions, official documents, advertisements, etc. Test taker has to read passages and answer questions that follow. Academic Writing: It consists of 2 tasks and lasts for 60mins. In task 1 you have to describe graphs, diagrams or certain processes given in our own words and in task 2 you have to write an essay on issue topic or argument. It is a formal style of writing. General Writing: It consists of 2 tasks and lasts for 60mins. In task 1 you have to write a letter on a situation and in task 2 you have to write an essay on an issue topic or argument assigned. The style of writing can be a little more personal than completely formal. Speaking: This section is about 11 to 14 mins long and it tests your fluency in speaking the English language. It has 3 parts: you will have to appear for a personal interview in the first part, speak on a particular topic and mentioned points on the topic in the second part and also get involved in a discussion with the examiner in the third part based on the topic given in part 2. Regards, Muthukumaran (Managing Director) MAKS BELA INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION PVT. LTD No-415, F4-1st floor, Asha Vignesh Apartment, CTH Road, Ambattur OT (Bus Stand), Ambattur, Chennai - 600053 Mobile no: +91 7708607400, +91 44 49596341 www.belachennai.com

HULTI-GEN takes user-defined parameters (e.g. the type of scale, the number of trials and stimuli, randomisation, settings for reference and anchors, etc.) and automatically constructs a GUI suitable for the requirement of the listening test. This allows the user to quickly create various types of multiple and pair-wise comparison test environments. To assist the user, HULTI-GEN also provides a number of presets based on ITU-R recommended methods such as MUSHRA and ABC/HR. The user can also flexibly edit these presets to adjust the recommended methods for different test requirements (e.g., adding audible anchors, removing hidden reference, etc.). Subject's responses are saved as a text file, which can be easily imported into Excel for data analysis. HULTI-GEN supports the playback of multichannel wav. file of up to 28 channels, which is useful for multichannel 3D sound quality evaluations. ‌

The Effective Soul-Winner by Charles C. Cook (1861-19??) When Paul was writing the second letter to Timothy, he summed up the practical purpose of Scripture in the words, "All Scripture ... is profitable ... that the man of God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works" (2 Tim. 3:16, 17). The greatest vocation under the sun is that of the soul-winner, and we ought to give serious consideration to the preparation for it. In Great Britain, in every department of life, there is an increasing demand for efficiency. The slacker is in for a hard time, and a man or woman in business or in a profession must be completely furnished for his or her life purpose. Ought we to be content with a lower standard in the service of Christ? I believe that the Lord Jesus Christ has a right to demand the very best that we can offer Him, and I am perfectly sure that we shall never be truly yielded in His sight unless we offer to Him all the potentialities of our ransomed personality-body, mind and spirit. You remember what Paul says: "Study to shew thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the Word of truth" (2 Tim. 2:15). That was Charles Alexander's watchword, and it is engraved on his tombstone in Birmingham, England: "Study to shew thyself approved unto God." Be Sure of Your Conversion Let me remind you of a few essentials if you are to be an effective winner of souls. First of all, and needless to say, we must be very sure of our own conversion. And yet, I wonder, is it needless to say it? Two hundred and fifty years ago, Richard Baxter declared, "Many a preacher is now in hell that hath an hundred times called upon his hearers to use every care and diligence to escape it." When I first read that I was inclined to think it was an exaggeration, but in the light of further and wider experience, I am inclined to think that Richard Baxter was right. Yes, it is possible to warn men to flee from the wrath to come and yet not to have fled from it oneself. And then I suggest that we try to keep the freshness and the wonder of our conversion experience. God forbid that we should ever come to regard it as one of the commonplaces of life. A friend of mine years ago whimsically said to me, "I was converted to God forty years ago, and I never got over it!" It is a great thing to live with a constant sense of wonder that the grace of God has reached us and saved us. In the second place, if we are to be effective soul-winners we must have a pure and unselfish motive. We must be "approved unto God." That is one of the picturesque expressions of the New Testament. It means being subjected to drastic tests. I found an illustration of that in Saturday's Daily News. Here is a picture of a worker in a foundry taking molten steel from the furnace. From there it goes to the laboratory where it is subjected to the close scrutiny of metallurgical experts. The fire will try every man's work. Study give diligence-says Paul, to be approved unto God—to be bright metal cleansed from every bit of dross, effective for its purpose. Oh, let us beware lest there is any alloy mixed with our motive! Beware of trying to gain a reputation for ourselves as a soul-winner instead of seeking the glory of Christ. I think the most outrageous example I ever came across was when a man actually advertised himself after this fashion: "I will gain for you fifteen church members in a week, or I will give you twenty pounds." Fancy a man making a bet as to how many souls he was going to win for Christ in a week! All reputations of that character are bubbles that will soon burst and disappear. When D. L. Moody was asked upon one occasion how many converts he had made, he answered, "I don't keep the Lamb's book of life." We can leave the results to God! Make Large Use of the Bible Then, in the third place, we must be men and women of the Book. In the story of the Ethiopian eunuch (Acts 8), three essential things are mentioned: (1) There is an anxious inquirer; (2) there is a copy of the Scriptures; (3) there is a man on the lookout to win a soul for Christ. Philip could have done very little with the eunuch if he had not had a copy of the Scriptures before him. From the Scriptures, Philip "preached unto him Jesus." Have you noticed what a large place the Scriptures occupied in our Lord's ministry? His whole personal life was nourished and built up upon the Word of God. And in all His public work it was to the Word of God that He turned again and again. When He met the tempter in the wilderness, He vanquished him by quotations from the Word of God. It was the same with the apostles and in the experience of the early Church. What a wonderful regard Peter, Paul, John and the rest of the apostles had for the Scriptures! We might follow on through the whole history of the Church of Christ and find the same thing repeating itself. Some of the mightiest soul-winners were the Puritans. What was the secret of their success? It was because they were men who from morning to night steeped themselves in the Word of God. I remember reading somewhere that Dr. R. A. Torrey said, "There are four reasons why every Christian worker should know his Bible: First, to show men their need of a Savior; second, to show them that Jesus is the Savior they need; third, to show them how to make this Savior their Savior; and finally, to deal with specific difficulties that stand in the way of their accepting Christ." I suppose you know everything about D. L. Moody in the Institute, but may I remind you how Henry Moorhouse taught Moody this secret? Moorhouse said to him, "You are making a mistake in giving people your own words. Give them the Word of God, and you will learn the secret of power. " And about thirty years earlier Robert Murray McCheyne, of Dundee, had said a similar thing: "It is not our comments upon the Word that bring life; it is the Word itself." Our comments are like the feathers of an arrow which guide the arrow of the Word to its mark, but it is the Word itself that gets home. A Personal Testimony It is a great delight to see so many young faces before me, and it is for their sake in particular that I mention these things. Some of you may say, "How can I gain this facility in the Word of God? How can I know instantly where to turn for an appropriate passage?" I suppose there are various methods. I will give you a little bit of my own experience. In my early Christian life I was greatly helped by reading everything I could lay my hands on that D. L. Moody wrote. Later on, Dr. Torrey came on the scene, and I began to read his books. I remember that he brought out what was called The Vest Pocket Companion. It was a very simple arrangement of Scripture verses under various topics so that one could very readily find an appropriate text on a given topic. That book was very useful to me as an inexperienced beginner. There are others who have adopted the method of underlining specified passages of Scripture with different colored inks: underlining in black references to sin and condemnation; underlining in red references to the death of Christ and the efficacy of the shed blood, and so on. I have not followed that method, but I know others who have found it useful. But let me say this: Such methods are all right to begin with, but you have not developed much if after ten years of Christian work in soul-winning you are still as dependent upon such aids as you were at the beginning. I am quite sure Dr. Torrey never meant his book to be more than an introduction, a method of guidance in the use of Scripture for the beginner. You ought to become so expert in the Word of God that without even the need of colored inks you can turn to the passage that you know is appropriate to the point under discussion. Dr. Handley Moule, late Bishop of Durham, used to say that every Christian should know his Bible as much as a Londoner knows his London. London is a huge city, spread out much more than Chicago or New York. I do not know every street, but I know whether a particular district is north or west or south or east. I know the main thoroughfares and many of the side streets, and that is how we ought to be able to know our way about the Scriptures. We ought to know the large areas of the Word of God. We ought to know the theme of every book and the main lines of the history or the argument of an epistle. Whatever method you begin with, aim at least at that, and use all the aids that will enable you to become proficient in the knowledge of the Word of God. Make much use of concordances, as Moody used to urge us to do, and the other helps that in these days are so abundant. Value of Hard Work Perhaps you say, "If I am going to do this, it is going to involve much time and labor. " Well, my friends, what else do you expect? If you are going to enter trade or industry-if you are going to be a lawyer, a medical man, an army officer or a nurse-in order to become proficient, you have to study hard. You have to live laborious days and pass the most severe examinations and gain a diploma before you even begin your career. As I said at the beginning, there is no higher or more important vocation upon earth than to be a soul-winner. Do you imagine that to save a soul from eternal death is one of the unskilled occupations? Thank God, He can and He does use the humblest and the least instructed believer. The Lord will make you a soul-winner from the beginning if all your heart goes out in desire for the salvation of men and women. But the more you understand the significance of your work, the more you will come to realize that a man who is going to become skilled in the winning of souls is the man who must give diligence to the task and attention to methods by which the Lord can make him more helpful to those in need. Beware of the man who comes to you and says, "Never mind about such things. After all, the apostles were untrained men. " I do not believe that a greater untruth has ever been uttered than that. The apostles attended the finest theological college the world has ever known. For three years they had personal tuition in the things of God by none other than the infallible Son of God Himself. There never was such a college as that in Galilee, when Peter, James and John and the others followed the Lord. In the New Testament we have recorded for us the lessons that those men were taught, so that as we read the Gospels and ponder the things our Lord said to His disciples and the object lessons He gave them in the miracles, we, too, are attending the Bible school of Christ. And when we read Paul's thirteen epistles, we join the apostle Paul's correspondence school. Yes, we have the same curriculum as the men our Lord commissioned at the first to go into all the world and preach the Gospel to every creature. Value of Bible Training Though some here may not have opportunity to attend a Bible school, you have the Word of God in your hand, and you have the Spirit, who gave the Word, as the interpreter. Even though you have no other help, yet with the Word itself and prayer and dependence upon the Holy Spirit, you can become wise in the things of Christ. I have known men who have acquired a liberal education simply because they have steeped themselves in the Bible. Sometimes I have listened to an eloquent message from a simple, unlettered, working man, made eloquent because he has given years to the reading of the Word of God so that it is stored in his memory and has transformed his whole vocabulary. Such is the power of the Word of God to edify and to build up. Remember also that though we may acquire technical efficiency, yet if we lack a passion for souls, our labor will be in vain. We must see to it that our intellectual training does not outpace our growth in the Spirit. As we seek to know how to find the appropriate Scripture to fit every case, so also we must keep flaming in our hearts the fire of a great love and compassion for those who are perishing. I should like to add: A Word of Encouragement We are apt to associate soul-winning with those engaged in pulpit ministry. It may be that I am speaking to some Sunday School teacher, and the thought uppermost in that teacher's mind may be, "If I could be like some of these world-famed evangelists and preachers; if only I could be used of God and see scores coming out for Christ in the public assembly-then, indeed, I feel that my life would be lived for some purpose. But I cannot speak on the public platform. I can only teach a few children." Now, my brother, my sister, remember that you can be as effective a soul-winner where God has placed you as the man who is used by Him to bring about hundreds and thousands of public decisions. Whatever our gifts and whatever our opportunities, we can all have an equal measure, if we will, of the passion for souls. And our special God-given work can be as truly directed to a soul-winning end as that of any other. Among the books that have been of great inspiration to me in past years is The Life of William Carey. Now I venture to say that when year after year William Carey was toiling at translating the Scriptures into Sanskrit and other languages of the East, his literary labor was as truly directed to a soul-winning purpose and was inspired by as true a passion for souls as was the evangelistic work of D. L. Moody on the public platform. Moody would have been the first to acknowledge that. At the end of his forty years in India, how many souls could Carey reckon he had won directly to Christ through his instrumentality? Nothing like the number Spurgeon or Moody saved from their preaching. But Carey placed the Scriptures in the hands of missionaries and native workers, an how many souls have been won since because of the labor of William Carey to give the Scriptures to the East? How Christian Businessmen Help Those splendid businessmen who rallied around D. L. Moody and gave him money to establish his institutions were men who labored in business for the glory of Christ and with a soul-winning purpose. I emphasize this fact for the encouragement of anyone who may imagine that because his own gifts a inconspicuous, therefore, his life is less effective than the lives of others. What value do we attach to a human soul? That is the test by which to examine our lives. If we can move among men who are careless and indifferent, perhaps openly skeptical and unbelieving, and yet not be stirred to the depths of our being, there is something wrong with us. It is so easy to become professional in our work. May God save us from being professional preachers or professional pastors, or professional editors! May God give us fire and passion! Do we value souls? Oh, that men and women may become impressed with the fact that we are in dead earnest! Bishop Phillips Brooks quoted a man who said to a preacher, "I am not really convinced by what you say. I am not sure but what I could answer every argument you have presented, but one thing puzzles me and makes me feel that there is power in your message. I cannot understand why you go to so much trouble and why you labor with me in this way, as if you cared for my soul! " That is it! Many a skeptic has been won to Christ, not so much by argument as by realizing that the preacher believed what he said. A Jewish millionaire went to the Royal Opera House, London, to hear D. L. Moody. One of his friends said to him, "You don't believe what he preaches, do you?" And the reply was to the point, "No, I don't; but he does. And that is why I go to hear that man." Alexander Duff said, "I would stand on a street comer in India, and I would clap two shoes together if thereby I could claim the attention of the people to the things of Christ." When, after 25 years in India, Dr. Duff's health broke down and he had to come home, he was so enfeebled that when he addressed the General Assembly, half way through his address he sank down fainting on the platform. As soon as he revived, he said, "I haven't finished my speech. Take me back again!" Once more he faced that assembly. This is what he said: "Mr. Moderator, if it is true that Scotland has no more sons to give to the service of the Lord in India, then old man that I am, having lost my health in that land and having come home to die, I will be off tomorrow to let them know that there is one old Scotsman who is prepared to die for them. Gladly will I lay down my life on the shores of the Ganges, if only I can plead once more with India to come to Christ. " That is the passion for souls. May God give it to us! An Address Delivered at the 1937 Moody Founder's Week Conference.

Listen to the great and wise Reddit.

Problem Statement The Indian Premier League, or IPL, is a T20 cricket league, which was founded in 2008 and is held every year. It sees participation from both national and international players, and eight teams representing eight Indian cities compete with each other in a double round-robin format in the league stages, which are followed by playoffs. Over the years, IPL has become one of the most-watched and most attended live sporting events all over the world. You work as a data analyst at IFP, a nationally recognised news agency, which is based out of New Delhi, and provides news reports and feeds to magazines, newspapers and TV broadcasters all over the country. The Sports Editor of the agency has approached you to build a Tableau dashboard of IPL statistics over the years since its inception in order to create an infographic for a newsletter that their team is working on. For this newsletter, in some cases, they will use the visual representations as you have created in Tableau directly for their infographic, and in a few other cases, they will use important statistics after trying out the different filters and customisations that you have provided for interactivity. Therefore, you are expected to build an interactive dashboard in Tableau for this purpose. Let’s watch the upcoming video and listen to Shreyas as he states the broad objective of this assignment. Play Video2079378 Play Video2079378 Play Video2079378 So, as Shreyas mentions in the video, in order to complete this assignment, you need to use the following two data set files: matches.csv - It contains match-level information for each and every match held in IPL from 2008 to 2017. deliveries.csv - It contains ball-by-ball information for each of the matches. Combining the information in these two data sets, you will be creating an interactive dashboard that highlights some of the important statistics of IPL over the years. You will learn more about the datasets in one of the videos below. You can download the data sets from the links provided below. IPL Datasets Download Assignment Sub-tasks In the upcoming video, Shreyas will explain the various sub-tasks that are associated with this entire dashboard building assignment. So, as Shreyas mentions in the video, the final dashboard can be broken down into several categories and sub-categories. The ones which you need to focus on for this assignment are as follows: 1. Match Statistics Toss outcome vs Match outcome (for each Ground/Venue) Biggest wins (by runs and by wicket) Highest totals (across all the seasons) 2. Player Statistics Orange Cap contenders (The batsmen who have scored the maximum number of runs in a particular season) Purple Cap contenders (The bowlers who have taken the maximum number of wickets in a particular season) Batsmen who have hit the most number of fours and sixes (per season and overall) 3. Team Statistics Season-wise team performance (wins vs losses) Win %age ( home vs away) Data Understanding Let’s watch the upcoming video and listen to Shreyas as he describes the data set that you will be working on as part of the assignment. So, as you saw in the video, the ‘deliveries.csv’ file contains ball-by-ball information for all the matches across all the seasons of IPL. Each row in this data set contains: Match related information (batting team vs bowling team) Player information (Bowler, Batsman, Non-striker) Delivery information (Runs scored, Wickets, Extras, etc.) Similarly, the ‘matches.csv’ file contains the following data: Teams involved Results (which team won, win type, player of the match, etc.) Match specifics (umpires, ground, etc.) Using these two datasets, you need to create visualisations pertaining to the different types of statistics mentioned in the assignment sub-tasks section. The final objectives and the expected results/submission are given below Results Expected A tableau workbook containing 3 dashboards pertaining to the 3 categories - Match statistics, Player statistics and Team statistics. Each dashboard should contain the visualisations from the sub-category worksheets. For example, in the Match statistics dashboard, the visualisations should be from the Toss Outcome vs Match Outcome, Biggest Wins and Highest Totals worksheets. Similarly, you need to prepare the dashboards for Player statistics and Team statistics. The dashboards and the corresponding visualisations should be well-detailed. A PPT file containing the summary of the entire visual analysis for this assignment. This ppt should contain all the visualisations that have been used along with the necessary insights and details.

Brief Description: The aim of the project is to implement Gossip and Push-Sum algorithm in Elixir and determine the convergence time for different network topologies. The implementation of the respective algorithms and topologies are described below. Gossip algorithm: The main driver of the algorithm initiates a rumor message, which is send to a node selected at random. This node starts transmitting the message to its neighbors, picking one at a time in random order. This process is repeated by its neighbors. A node stops transmitting and listening for messages once it has heard the rumor 10 times. Observations for Gossip algorithms: • Transmitting periodically works better We Tried two methodologies: 1. A node transmits a message to a neighbor node when it receives a new message and waits for another message before transmitting. 2. A node starts transmitting in periodic intervals to its neighbors and continues this until it has itself heard the rumor 10 times. In the first case, the chain-like behavior sometimes prevents for the entire network to reach the convergence criteria of 10 times. This happens more often for topologies like Line and Random 2D Grid(with fewer nodes), than for densely populated topologies like Full or 3D Torus. • Convergence achieved was 100% for all topologies When using periodic transmission policy, we observed a convergence rate of 100% for all topologies. Exception for minimum nodes was the Random 2D Grid topology. It needs at least 100-150 nodes to converge. For that number of 50-150, the algorithm works sometimes but breaks often. The expected behavior is depicted for around 200 or greater nodes. • Convergence time: • No limit on number of nodes: There was no limit observed on the number of nodes, and it is dependent on the system configuration. On our systems, we observed the number of nodes to max out at around 10,000 processes Push Sum Algorithm: • The Push Sum algorithm diffuses the value at each node to other nodes to converge with an average value at each node. • This is achieved by setting a value and its weight at each node, and sending this pair of values sending messages in the form of pairs(s,w). • When this pair of values is sent to a node, it adds them to its own values. It keeps half of these values to itself and the other half to a random neighbor. • We assume convergence of a node when its s/w ration doesn’t change more than 10^-10 for three consecutive times. • Observations for Push Sum algorithms: • Takes longer for convergence than the gossip algorithm: We observed the convergence time for push sum to be greater on average than the gossip algorithm for similar topologies. Two reasons for this are: 1. the convergence criteria of change less than 10e-10, and 2. The nodes are not periodically sending their values like in the gossip algorithm • Convergence ratio: The convergence ratio is much less than gossip. The primary reason being the serial wise sending of messages. Because of this, a node which has received a message may not have an active neighbor to send a message to, and the message chaining will be stuck. This is observed quite often and thus, we halt the progress at this time. • Observed Convergence: As mentioned in the above point, many nodes may not reach the convergence criteria of change less than 10e-10 for three times. But we still see the push sum ratio for all nodes as converging. This was observed by logging the values and the s/w ratio of each node but has been removed from the final code as per the project requirements. • Convergence time The convergence time increases sharply in case of line, for rest Topologies implemented: • Full network: We have defined the nth node is connected to every other node in the network. • Line: Every nth node has been connected to n-1 and n+1 nodes, except the starting and ending nodes which have been connected to second and second last nodes respectively. • Random 2D Grid: We have produced random values between 0 and 1 for n nodes. If the distance between two nodes is less than 0.1, the nodes are connected to each other. • 3D torus Grid: We are using the nearest perfect cube to the number of nodes entered. This makes it to implement a topology in 3D. We set the values accordingly, starting from 1 to n and setting neighbors between them based on the derived relationships. • Honeycomb: In order to implement a honeycomb structure, we have rounded the number of nodes to a perfect square nearest to the given number of nodes. This assumption makes it easier to build a honeycomb like structure. In our implementation, the pattern repeats in a set of four numbers for all the nodes except the nodes at the edge of the structure. The edge nodes also have a repeating pattern which have been implemented. An example is shown below for 100 nodes. As we can see, each node has two neighbors, except at the edges. We created this diagram to build a visual structure for the topology helper. Figure 1: Sample of 10x10 honeycomb structure • Honeycomb with a random neighbor: In the above-mentioned honeycomb structure, each node has been connected to an extra random node apart from its regular neighbors.

When Paul was writing the second letter to Timothy, he summed up the practical purpose of Scripture in the words, "All Scripture ... is profitable ... that the man of God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works" (2 Tim. 3:16, 17). The greatest vocation under the sun is that of the soul-winner, and we ought to give serious consideration to the preparation for it. In Great Britain, in every department of life, there is an increasing demand for efficiency. The slacker is in for a hard time, and a man or woman in business or in a profession must be completely furnished for his or her life purpose. Ought we to be content with a lower standard in the service of Christ? I believe that the Lord Jesus Christ has a right to demand the very best that we can offer Him, and I am perfectly sure that we shall never be truly yielded in His sight unless we offer to Him all the potentialities of our ransomed personality-body, mind and spirit. You remember what Paul says: "Study to shew thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the Word of truth" (2 Tim. 2:15). That was Charles Alexander's watchword, and it is engraved on his tombstone in Birmingham, England: "Study to shew thyself approved unto God." Be Sure of Your Conversion Let me remind you of a few essentials if you are to be an effective winner of souls. First of all, and needless to say, we must be very sure of our own conversion. And yet, I wonder, is it needless to say it? Two hundred and fifty years ago, Richard Baxter declared, "Many a preacher is now in hell that hath an hundred times called upon his hearers to use every care and diligence to escape it." When I first read that I was inclined to think it was an exaggeration, but in the light of further and wider experience, I am inclined to think that Richard Baxter was right. Yes, it is possible to warn men to flee from the wrath to come and yet not to have fled from it oneself. And then I suggest that we try to keep the freshness and the wonder of our conversion experience. God forbid that we should ever come to regard it as one of the commonplaces of life. A friend of mine years ago whimsically said to me, "I was converted to God forty years ago, and I never got over it!" It is a great thing to live with a constant sense of wonder that the grace of God has reached us and saved us. In the second place, if we are to be effective soul-winners we must have a pure and unselfish motive. We must be "approved unto God." That is one of the picturesque expressions of the New Testament. It means being subjected to drastic tests. I found an illustration of that in Saturday's Daily News. Here is a picture of a worker in a foundry taking molten steel from the furnace. From there it goes to the laboratory where it is subjected to the close scrutiny of metallurgical experts. The fire will try every man's work. Study give diligence-says Paul, to be approved unto God—to be bright metal cleansed from every bit of dross, effective for its purpose. Oh, let us beware lest there is any alloy mixed with our motive! Beware of trying to gain a reputation for ourselves as a soul-winner instead of seeking the glory of Christ. I think the most outrageous example I ever came across was when a man actually advertised himself after this fashion: "I will gain for you fifteen church members in a week, or I will give you twenty pounds." Fancy a man making a bet as to how many souls he was going to win for Christ in a week! All reputations of that character are bubbles that will soon burst and disappear. When D. L. Moody was asked upon one occasion how many converts he had made, he answered, "I don't keep the Lamb's book of life." We can leave the results to God! Make Large Use of the Bible Then, in the third place, we must be men and women of the Book. In the story of the Ethiopian eunuch (Acts 8), three essential things are mentioned: (1) There is an anxious inquirer; (2) there is a copy of the Scriptures; (3) there is a man on the lookout to win a soul for Christ. Philip could have done very little with the eunuch if he had not had a copy of the Scriptures before him. From the Scriptures, Philip "preached unto him Jesus." Have you noticed what a large place the Scriptures occupied in our Lord's ministry? His whole personal life was nourished and built up upon the Word of God. And in all His public work it was to the Word of God that He turned again and again. When He met the tempter in the wilderness, He vanquished him by quotations from the Word of God. It was the same with the apostles and in the experience of the early Church. What a wonderful regard Peter, Paul, John and the rest of the apostles had for the Scriptures! We might follow on through the whole history of the Church of Christ and find the same thing repeating itself. Some of the mightiest soul-winners were the Puritans. What was the secret of their success? It was because they were men who from morning to night steeped themselves in the Word of God. I remember reading somewhere that Dr. R. A. Torrey said, "There are four reasons why every Christian worker should know his Bible: First, to show men their need of a Savior; second, to show them that Jesus is the Savior they need; third, to show them how to make this Savior their Savior; and finally, to deal with specific difficulties that stand in the way of their accepting Christ." I suppose you know everything about D. L. Moody in the Institute, but may I remind you how Henry Moorhouse taught Moody this secret? Moorhouse said to him, "You are making a mistake in giving people your own words. Give them the Word of God, and you will learn the secret of power. " And about thirty years earlier Robert Murray McCheyne, of Dundee, had said a similar thing: "It is not our comments upon the Word that bring life; it is the Word itself." Our comments are like the feathers of an arrow which guide the arrow of the Word to its mark, but it is the Word itself that gets home. A Personal Testimony It is a great delight to see so many young faces before me, and it is for their sake in particular that I mention these things. Some of you may say, "How can I gain this facility in the Word of God? How can I know instantly where to turn for an appropriate passage?" I suppose there are various methods. I will give you a little bit of my own experience. In my early Christian life I was greatly helped by reading everything I could lay my hands on that D. L. Moody wrote. Later on, Dr. Torrey came on the scene, and I began to read his books. I remember that he brought out what was called The Vest Pocket Companion. It was a very simple arrangement of Scripture verses under various topics so that one could very readily find an appropriate text on a given topic. That book was very useful to me as an inexperienced beginner. There are others who have adopted the method of underlining specified passages of Scripture with different colored inks: underlining in black references to sin and condemnation; underlining in red references to the death of Christ and the efficacy of the shed blood, and so on. I have not followed that method, but I know others who have found it useful. But let me say this: Such methods are all right to begin with, but you have not developed much if after ten years of Christian work in soul-winning you are still as dependent upon such aids as you were at the beginning. I am quite sure Dr. Torrey never meant his book to be more than an introduction, a method of guidance in the use of Scripture for the beginner. You ought to become so expert in the Word of God that without even the need of colored inks you can turn to the passage that you know is appropriate to the point under discussion. Dr. Handley Moule, late Bishop of Durham, used to say that every Christian should know his Bible as much as a Londoner knows his London. London is a huge city, spread out much more than Chicago or New York. I do not know every street, but I know whether a particular district is north or west or south or east. I know the main thoroughfares and many of the side streets, and that is how we ought to be able to know our way about the Scriptures. We ought to know the large areas of the Word of God. We ought to know the theme of every book and the main lines of the history or the argument of an epistle. Whatever method you begin with, aim at least at that, and use all the aids that will enable you to become proficient in the knowledge of the Word of God. Make much use of concordances, as Moody used to urge us to do, and the other helps that in these days are so abundant. Value of Hard Work Perhaps you say, "If I am going to do this, it is going to involve much time and labor. " Well, my friends, what else do you expect? If you are going to enter trade or industry-if you are going to be a lawyer, a medical man, an army officer or a nurse-in order to become proficient, you have to study hard. You have to live laborious days and pass the most severe examinations and gain a diploma before you even begin your career. As I said at the beginning, there is no higher or more important vocation upon earth than to be a soul-winner. Do you imagine that to save a soul from eternal death is one of the unskilled occupations? Thank God, He can and He does use the humblest and the least instructed believer. The Lord will make you a soul-winner from the beginning if all your heart goes out in desire for the salvation of men and women. But the more you understand the significance of your work, the more you will come to realize that a man who is going to become skilled in the winning of souls is the man who must give diligence to the task and attention to methods by which the Lord can make him more helpful to those in need. Beware of the man who comes to you and says, "Never mind about such things. After all, the apostles were untrained men. " I do not believe that a greater untruth has ever been uttered than that. The apostles attended the finest theological college the world has ever known. For three years they had personal tuition in the things of God by none other than the infallible Son of God Himself. There never was such a college as that in Galilee, when Peter, James and John and the others followed the Lord. In the New Testament we have recorded for us the lessons that those men were taught, so that as we read the Gospels and ponder the things our Lord said to His disciples and the object lessons He gave them in the miracles, we, too, are attending the Bible school of Christ. And when we read Paul's thirteen epistles, we join the apostle Paul's correspondence school. Yes, we have the same curriculum as the men our Lord commissioned at the first to go into all the world and preach the Gospel to every creature. Value of Bible Training Though some here may not have opportunity to attend a Bible school, you have the Word of God in your hand, and you have the Spirit, who gave the Word, as the interpreter. Even though you have no other help, yet with the Word itself and prayer and dependence upon the Holy Spirit, you can become wise in the things of Christ. I have known men who have acquired a liberal education simply because they have steeped themselves in the Bible. Sometimes I have listened to an eloquent message from a simple, unlettered, working man, made eloquent because he has given years to the reading of the Word of God so that it is stored in his memory and has transformed his whole vocabulary. Such is the power of the Word of God to edify and to build up. Remember also that though we may acquire technical efficiency, yet if we lack a passion for souls, our labor will be in vain. We must see to it that our intellectual training does not outpace our growth in the Spirit. As we seek to know how to find the appropriate Scripture to fit every case, so also we must keep flaming in our hearts the fire of a great love and compassion for those who are perishing. I should like to add: A Word of Encouragement We are apt to associate soul-winning with those engaged in pulpit ministry. It may be that I am speaking to some Sunday School teacher, and the thought uppermost in that teacher's mind may be, "If I could be like some of these world-famed evangelists and preachers; if only I could be used of God and see scores coming out for Christ in the public assembly-then, indeed, I feel that my life would be lived for some purpose. But I cannot speak on the public platform. I can only teach a few children." Now, my brother, my sister, remember that you can be as effective a soul-winner where God has placed you as the man who is used by Him to bring about hundreds and thousands of public decisions. Whatever our gifts and whatever our opportunities, we can all have an equal measure, if we will, of the passion for souls. And our special God-given work can be as truly directed to a soul-winning end as that of any other. Among the books that have been of great inspiration to me in past years is The Life of William Carey. Now I venture to say that when year after year William Carey was toiling at translating the Scriptures into Sanskrit and other languages of the East, his literary labor was as truly directed to a soul-winning purpose and was inspired by as true a passion for souls as was the evangelistic work of D. L. Moody on the public platform. Moody would have been the first to acknowledge that. At the end of his forty years in India, how many souls could Carey reckon he had won directly to Christ through his instrumentality? Nothing like the number Spurgeon or Moody saved from their preaching. But Carey placed the Scriptures in the hands of missionaries and native workers, an how many souls have been won since because of the labor of William Carey to give the Scriptures to the East? How Christian Businessmen Help Those splendid businessmen who rallied around D. L. Moody and gave him money to establish his institutions were men who labored in business for the glory of Christ and with a soul-winning purpose. I emphasize this fact for the encouragement of anyone who may imagine that because his own gifts a inconspicuous, therefore, his life is less effective than the lives of others. What value do we attach to a human soul? That is the test by which to examine our lives. If we can move among men who are careless and indifferent, perhaps openly skeptical and unbelieving, and yet not be stirred to the depths of our being, there is something wrong with us. It is so easy to become professional in our work. May God save us from being professional preachers or professional pastors, or professional editors! May God give us fire and passion! Do we value souls? Oh, that men and women may become impressed with the fact that we are in dead earnest! Bishop Phillips Brooks quoted a man who said to a preacher, "I am not really convinced by what you say. I am not sure but what I could answer every argument you have presented, but one thing puzzles me and makes me feel that there is power in your message. I cannot understand why you go to so much trouble and why you labor with me in this way, as if you cared for my soul! " That is it! Many a skeptic has been won to Christ, not so much by argument as by realizing that the preacher believed what he said. A Jewish millionaire went to the Royal Opera House, London, to hear D. L. Moody. One of his friends said to him, "You don't believe what he preaches, do you?" And the reply was to the point, "No, I don't; but he does. And that is why I go to hear that man." Alexander Duff said, "I would stand on a street comer in India, and I would clap two shoes together if thereby I could claim the attention of the people to the things of Christ." When, after 25 years in India, Dr. Duff's health broke down and he had to come home, he was so enfeebled that when he addressed the General Assembly, half way through his address he sank down fainting on the platform. As soon as he revived, he said, "I haven't finished my speech. Take me back again!" Once more he faced that assembly. This is what he said: "Mr. Moderator, if it is true that Scotland has no more sons to give to the service of the Lord in India, then old man that I am, having lost my health in that land and having come home to die, I will be off tomorrow to let them know that there is one old Scotsman who is prepared to die for them. Gladly will I lay down my life on the shores of the Ganges, if only I can plead once more with India to come to Christ. " That is the passion for souls. May God give it to us!

A macOS app for language learning through speech-to-text transcription, AI-powered vocabulary and sentence analysis, and bilingual subtitles.

Wise Quran is a modern, offline-first Quran Progressive Web App (PWA) for reading, listening, and daily worship tracking.

A Telegram BOT that listens to users messages and provides country wise update based on user input. The BOT will also push out update of Bangladesh COVID stats when the data updates for the day.

It is a online music site where visitors can listen songs by different album and artist wise.This project consist two parts where admin manage the songs add upload and so on by using its own aunthentication and user have a dashboard to manage the songs.

VocaWild is a real-time animal voice detection system that continuously listens through a microphone and identifies animal sounds using machine learning. Trained on organized animal-wise audio datasets, it detects and classifies voices such as lion, dog, cow, and more in real time until stopped by the user.

A tool that can translate any English PDF into more than 100 language. this tool will transform text into audio format and play it page wise. You can read any English PDF in your native language for more understanding and you can listen it in audio format. this tool will make your reading passion more easier. Happy reading and Learning #NC

No description available

智能录音转文档平台 - Intelligent audio-to-document platform with ASR + LLM

No description available

This GUI created for listening two different COM Port of computer at the same time and extract their outputs to the Excel file.

The wise man listens to all sides.

No description available

A trashy music player made to just listen music freely. Use your offline collection wisely !

Your personal guide through the timeless wisdom of the Bhagavad Gita. Ask. Listen. Live wiser.

Quran Kareem is a desktop application. It is great tool to recite and listen to holy quran chapter wise.

A backend service that listens to all channels on Discord, Slack, and Telegram, stores messages in PostgreSQL, and generates on-demand platform-wise and channel-wise summaries via a Discord bot.

Data analysis on a 50,000-row dataset to identify patterns in user behavior using scientific and psychological insights. The analysis explores factors influencing subscription upgrades, country-wise listening engagement, device impact on listening time, playlist activity vs engagement, ad conversion behavior, and predicting churn.

A wise, encouraging, and gentle mentor for children. Its job is to listen to a problem a child is having and provide advice strictly based on the Book of Proverbs.