F1 Live Timing TUI for all F1 sessions with variable delay to sync to your TV. Supports replaying previously recorded sessions.

Visualisation of real-time track data and telemetry synced to F1 replays.

:pencil2: Vector drawing app w/ animated replay. Includes eraser & brush with catmull smoothing. Can be tied into other drawing tools, and synced across servers with JSON. Built on Event.js, Color.Picker.js & Color.Space.js

Replay a video in sync with a gps track displayed on the map.

# Liberty House Club **A Parallel Binance Chain to Enable Smart Contracts** _NOTE: This document is under development. Please check regularly for updates!_ ## Table of Contents - [Motivation](#motivation) - [Design Principles](#design-principles) - [Consensus and Validator Quorum](#consensus-and-validator-quorum) * [Proof of Staked Authority](#proof-of-staked-authority) * [Validator Quorum](#validator-quorum) * [Security and Finality](#security-and-finality) * [Reward](#reward) - [Token Economy](#token-economy) * [Native Token](#native-token) * [Other Tokens](#other-tokens) - [Cross-Chain Transfer and Communication](#cross-chain-transfer-and-communication) * [Cross-Chain Transfer](#cross-chain-transfer) * [BC to BSC Architecture](#bc-to-bsc-architecture) * [BSC to BC Architecture](#bsc-to-bc-architecture) * [Timeout and Error Handling](#timeout-and-error-handling) * [Cross-Chain User Experience](#cross-chain-user-experience) * [Cross-Chain Contract Event](#cross-chain-contract-event) - [Staking and Governance](#staking-and-governance) * [Staking on BC](#staking-on-bc) * [Rewarding](#rewarding) * [Slashing](#slashing) - [Relayers](#relayers) * [BSC Relayers](#bsc-relayers) * [Oracle Relayers](#oracle-relayers) - [Outlook](#outlook) # Motivation After its mainnet community [launch](https://www.binance.com/en/blog/327334696200323072/Binance-DEX-Launches-on-Binance-Chain-Invites-Further-Community-Development) in April 2019, [Binance Chain](https://www.binance.org) has exhibited its high speed and large throughput design. Binance Chain’s primary focus, its native [decentralized application](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decentralized_application) (“dApp”) [Binance DEX](https://www.binance.org/trade), has demonstrated its low-latency matching with large capacity headroom by handling millions of trading volume in a short time. Flexibility and usability are often in an inverse relationship with performance. The concentration on providing a convenient digital asset issuing and trading venue also brings limitations. Binance Chain's most requested feature is the programmable extendibility, or simply the [Smart Contract](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract) and Virtual Machine functions. Digital asset issuers and owners struggle to add new decentralized features for their assets or introduce any sort of community governance and activities. Despite this high demand for adding the Smart Contract feature onto Binance Chain, it is a hard decision to make. The execution of a Smart Contract may slow down the exchange function and add non-deterministic factors to trading. If that compromise could be tolerated, it might be a straightforward idea to introduce a new Virtual Machine specification based on [Tendermint](https://tendermint.com/core/), based on the current underlying consensus protocol and major [RPC](https://docs.binance.org/api-reference/node-rpc.html) implementation of Binance Chain. But all these will increase the learning requirements for all existing dApp communities, and will not be very welcomed. We propose a parallel blockchain of the current Binance Chain to retain the high performance of the native DEX blockchain and to support a friendly Smart Contract function at the same time. # Design Principles After the creation of the parallel blockchain into the Binance Chain ecosystem, two blockchains will run side by side to provide different services. The new parallel chain will be called “**Binance Smart Chain**” (short as “**BSC**” for the below sections), while the existing mainnet remains named “**Binance Chain**” (short as “**BC**” for the below sections). Here are the design principles of **BSC**: 1. **Standalone Blockchain**: technically, BSC is a standalone blockchain, instead of a layer-2 solution. Most BSC fundamental technical and business functions should be self-contained so that it can run well even if the BC stopped for a short period. 2. **Ethereum Compatibility**: The first practical and widely-used Smart Contract platform is Ethereum. To take advantage of the relatively mature applications and community, BSC chooses to be compatible with the existing Ethereum mainnet. This means most of the **dApps**, ecosystem components, and toolings will work with BSC and require zero or minimum changes; BSC node will require similar (or a bit higher) hardware specification and skills to run and operate. The implementation should leave room for BSC to catch up with further Ethereum upgrades. 3. **Staking Involved Consensus and Governance**: Staking-based consensus is more environmentally friendly and leaves more flexible option to the community governance. Expectedly, this consensus should enable better network performance over [proof-of-work](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_of_work) blockchain system, i.e., faster blocking time and higher transaction capacity. 4. **Native Cross-Chain Communication**: both BC and BSC will be implemented with native support for cross-chain communication among the two blockchains. The communication protocol should be bi-directional, decentralized, and trustless. It will concentrate on moving digital assets between BC and BSC, i.e., [BEP2](https://github.com/binance-chain/BEPs/blob/master/BEP2.md) tokens, and eventually, other BEP tokens introduced later. The protocol should care for the minimum of other items stored in the state of the blockchains, with only a few exceptions. # Consensus and Validator Quorum Based on the above design principles, the consensus protocol of BSC is to fulfill the following goals: 1. Blocking time should be shorter than Ethereum network, e.g. 5 seconds or even shorter. 2. It requires limited time to confirm the finality of transactions, e.g. around 1-min level or shorter. 3. There is no inflation of native token: BNB, the block reward is collected from transaction fees, and it will be paid in BNB. 4. It is compatible with Ethereum system as much as possible. 5. It allows modern [proof-of-stake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_of_stake) blockchain network governance. ## Proof of Staked Authority Although Proof-of-Work (PoW) has been recognized as a practical mechanism to implement a decentralized network, it is not friendly to the environment and also requires a large size of participants to maintain the security. Ethereum and some other blockchain networks, such as [MATIC Bor](https://github.com/maticnetwork/bor), [TOMOChain](https://tomochain.com/), [GoChain](https://gochain.io/), [xDAI](https://xdai.io/), do use [Proof-of-Authority(PoA)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_of_authority) or its variants in different scenarios, including both testnet and mainnet. PoA provides some defense to 51% attack, with improved efficiency and tolerance to certain levels of Byzantine players (malicious or hacked). It serves as an easy choice to pick as the fundamentals. Meanwhile, the PoA protocol is most criticized for being not as decentralized as PoW, as the validators, i.e. the nodes that take turns to produce blocks, have all the authorities and are prone to corruption and security attacks. Other blockchains, such as EOS and Lisk both, introduce different types of [Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS)](https://en.bitcoinwiki.org/wiki/DPoS) to allow the token holders to vote and elect the validator set. It increases the decentralization and favors community governance. BSC here proposes to combine DPoS and PoA for consensus, so that: 1. Blocks are produced by a limited set of validators 2. Validators take turns to produce blocks in a PoA manner, similar to [Ethereum’s Clique](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-225) consensus design 3. Validator set are elected in and out based on a staking based governance ## Validator Quorum In the genesis stage, a few trusted nodes will run as the initial Validator Set. After the blocking starts, anyone can compete to join as candidates to elect as a validator. The staking status decides the top 21 most staked nodes to be the next validator set, and such an election will repeat every 24 hours. **BNB** is the token used to stake for BSC. In order to remain as compatible as Ethereum and upgradeable to future consensus protocols to be developed, BSC chooses to rely on the **BC** for staking management (Please refer to the below “[Staking and Governance](#staking-and-governance)” section). There is a **dedicated staking module for BSC on BC**. It will accept BSC staking from BNB holders and calculate the highest staked node set. Upon every UTC midnight, BC will issue a verifiable `ValidatorSetUpdate` cross-chain message to notify BSC to update its validator set. While producing further blocks, the existing BSC validators check whether there is a `ValidatorSetUpdate` message relayed onto BSC periodically. If there is, they will update the validator set after an **epoch period**, i.e. a predefined number of blocking time. For example, if BSC produces a block every 5 seconds, and the epoch period is 240 blocks, then the current validator set will check and update the validator set for the next epoch in 1200 seconds (20 minutes). ## Security and Finality Given there are more than ½\*N+1 validators are honest, PoA based networks usually work securely and properly. However, there are still cases where certain amount Byzantine validators may still manage to attack the network, e.g. through the “[Clone Attack](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1902.10244.pdf)”. To secure as much as BC, BSC users are encouraged to wait until receiving blocks sealed by more than ⅔\*N+1 different validators. In that way, the BSC can be trusted at a similar security level to BC and can tolerate less than ⅓\*N Byzantine validators. With 21 validators, if the block time is 5 seconds, the ⅔\*N+1 different validator seals will need a time period of (⅔\*21+1)*5 = 75 seconds. Any critical applications for BSC may have to wait for ⅔\*N+1 to ensure a relatively secure finality. However, besides such arrangement, BSC does introduce **Slashing** logic to penalize Byzantine validators for **double signing** or **inavailability**, which will be covered in the “Staking and Governance” section later. This Slashing logic will expose the malicious validators in a very short time and make the “Clone Attack” very hard or extremely non-beneficial to execute. With this enhancement, ½\*N+1 or even fewer blocks are enough as confirmation for most transactions. ## Reward All the BSC validators in the current validator set will be rewarded with transaction **fees in BNB**. As BNB is not an inflationary token, there will be no mining rewards as what Bitcoin and Ethereum network generate, and the gas fee is the major reward for validators. As BNB is also utility tokens with other use cases, delegators and validators will still enjoy other benefits of holding BNB. The reward for validators is the fees collected from transactions in each block. Validators can decide how much to give back to the delegators who stake their BNB to them, in order to attract more staking. Every validator will take turns to produce the blocks in the same probability (if they stick to 100% liveness), thus, in the long run, all the stable validators may get a similar size of the reward. Meanwhile, the stakes on each validator may be different, so this brings a counter-intuitive situation that more users trust and delegate to one validator, they potentially get less reward. So rational delegators will tend to delegate to the one with fewer stakes as long as the validator is still trustful (insecure validator may bring slashable risk). In the end, the stakes on all the validators will have less variation. This will actually prevent the stake concentration and “winner wins forever” problem seen on some other networks. Some parts of the gas fee will also be rewarded to relayers for Cross-Chain communication. Please refer to the “[Relayers](#relayers)” section below. # Token Economy BC and BSC share the same token universe for BNB and BEP2 tokens. This defines: 1. The same token can circulate on both networks, and flow between them bi-directionally via a cross-chain communication mechanism. 2. The total circulation of the same token should be managed across the two networks, i.e. the total effective supply of a token should be the sum of the token’s total effective supply on both BSC and BC. 3. The tokens can be initially created on BSC in a similar format as ERC20 token standard, or on BC as a BEP2, then created on the other. There are native ways on both networks to link the two and secure the total supply of the token. ## Native Token BNB will run on BSC in the same way as ETH runs on Ethereum so that it remains as “native token” for both BSC and BC. This means, in addition to BNB is used to pay most of the fees on Binance Chain and Binance DEX, BNB will be also used to: 1. pay “fees“ to deploy smart contracts on BSC 2. stake on selected BSC validators, and get corresponding rewards 3. perform cross-chain operations, such as transfer token assets across BC and BSC ### Seed Fund Certain amounts of BNB will be burnt on BC and minted on BSC during its genesis stage. This amount is called “Seed Fund” to circulate on BSC after the first block, which will be dispatched to the initial BC-to-BSC Relayer(described in later sections) and initial validator set introduced at genesis. These BNBs are used to pay transaction fees in the early stage to transfer more BNB from BC onto BSC via the cross-chain mechanism. The BNB cross-chain transfer is discussed in a later section, but for BC to BSC transfer, it is generally to lock BNB on BC from the source address of the transfer to a system-controlled address and unlock the corresponding amount from special contract to the target address of the transfer on BSC, or reversely, when transferring from BSC to BC, it is to lock BNB from the source address on BSC into a special contract and release locked amount on BC from the system address to the target address. The logic is related to native code on BC and a series of smart contracts on BSC. ## Other Tokens BC supports BEP2 tokens and upcoming [BEP8 tokens](https://github.com/binance-chain/BEPs/pull/69), which are native assets transferrable and tradable (if listed) via fast transactions and sub-second finality. Meanwhile, as BSC is Ethereum compatible, it is natural to support ERC20 tokens on BSC, which here is called “**BEP2E**” (with the real name to be introduced by the future BEPs,it potentially covers BEP8 as well). BEP2E may be “Enhanced” by adding a few more methods to expose more information, such as token denomination, decimal precision definition and the owner address who can decide the Token Binding across the chains. BSC and BC work together to ensure that one token can circulate in both formats with confirmed total supply and be used in different use cases. ### Token Binding BEP2 tokens will be extended to host a new attribute to associate the token with a BSC BEP2E token contract, called “**Binder**”, and this process of association is called “**Token Binding**”. Token Binding can happen at any time after BEP2 and BEP2E are ready. The token owners of either BEP2 or BEP2E don’t need to bother about the Binding, until before they really want to use the tokens on different scenarios. Issuers can either create BEP2 first or BEP2E first, and they can be bound at a later time. Of course, it is encouraged for all the issuers of BEP2 and BEP2E to set the Binding up early after the issuance. A typical procedure to bind the BEP2 and BEP2E will be like the below: 1. Ensure both the BEP2 token and the BEP2E token both exist on each blockchain, with the same total supply. BEP2E should have 3 more methods than typical ERC20 token standard: * symbol(): get token symbol * decimals(): get the number of the token decimal digits * owner(): get **BEP2E contract owner’s address.** This value should be initialized in the BEP2E contract constructor so that the further binding action can verify whether the action is from the BEP2E owner. 2. Decide the initial circulation on both blockchains. Suppose the total supply is *S*, and the expected initial circulating supply on BC is *K*, then the owner should lock S-K tokens to a system controlled address on BC. 3. Equivalently, *K* tokens is locked in the special contract on BSC, which handles major binding functions and is named as **TokenHub**. The issuer of the BEP2E token should lock the *K* amount of that token into TokenHub, resulting in *S-K* tokens to circulate on BSC. Thus the total circulation across 2 blockchains remains as *S*. 4. The issuer of BEP2 token sends the bind transaction on BC. Once the transaction is executed successfully after proper verification: * It transfers *S-K* tokens to a system-controlled address on BC. * A cross-chain bind request package will be created, waiting for Relayers to relay. 5. BSC Relayers will relay the cross-chain bind request package into **TokenHub** on BSC, and the corresponding request and information will be stored into the contract. 6. The contract owner and only the owner can run a special method of TokenHub contract, `ApproveBind`, to verify the binding request to mark it as a success. It will confirm: * the token has not been bound; * the binding is for the proper symbol, with proper total supply and decimal information; * the proper lock are done on both networks; 10. Once the `ApproveBind` method has succeeded, TokenHub will mark the two tokens are bounded and share the same circulation on BSC, and the status will be propagated back to BC. After this final confirmation, the BEP2E contract address and decimals will be written onto the BEP2 token as a new attribute on BC, and the tokens can be transferred across the two blockchains bidirectionally. If the ApproveBind fails, the failure event will also be propagated back to BC to release the locked tokens, and the above steps can be re-tried later. # Cross-Chain Transfer and Communication Cross-chain communication is the key foundation to allow the community to take advantage of the dual chain structure: * users are free to create any tokenization, financial products, and digital assets on BSC or BC as they wish * the items on BSC can be manually and programmingly traded and circulated in a stable, high throughput, lighting fast and friendly environment of BC * users can operate these in one UI and tooling ecosystem. ## Cross-Chain Transfer The cross-chain transfer is the key communication between the two blockchains. Essentially the logic is: 1. the `transfer-out` blockchain will lock the amount from source owner addresses into a system controlled address/contracts; 2. the `transfer-in` blockchain will unlock the amount from the system controlled address/contracts and send it to target addresses. The cross-chain transfer package message should allow the BSC Relayers and BC **Oracle Relayers** to verify: 1. Enough amount of token assets are removed from the source address and locked into a system controlled addresses/contracts on the source blockchain. And this can be confirmed on the target blockchain. 2. Proper amounts of token assets are released from a system controlled addresses/contracts and allocated into target addresses on the target blockchain. If this fails, it can be confirmed on source blockchain, so that the locked token can be released back (may deduct fees). 3. The sum of the total circulation of the token assets across the 2 blockchains are not changed after this transfer action completes, no matter if the transfer succeeds or not.  The architecture of cross-chain communication is as in the above diagram. To accommodate the 2 heteroid systems, communication handling is different in each direction. ## BC to BSC Architecture BC is a Tendermint-based, instant finality blockchain. Validators with at least ⅔\*N+1 of the total voting power will co-sign each block on the chain. So that it is practical to verify the block transactions and even the state value via **Block Header** and **Merkle Proof** verification. This has been researched and implemented as “**Light-Client Protocol**”, which are intensively discussed in [the Ethereum](https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/Light-client-protocol) community, studied and implemented for [Cosmos inter-chain communication](https://github.com/cosmos/ics/blob/a4173c91560567bdb7cc9abee8e61256fc3725e9/spec/ics-007-tendermint-client/README.md). BC-to-BSC communication will be verified in an “**on-chain light client**” implemented via BSC **Smart Contracts** (some of them may be **“pre-compiled”**). After some transactions and state change happen on BC, if a transaction is defined to trigger cross-chain communication,the Cross-chain “**package**” message will be created and **BSC Relayers** will pass and submit them onto BSC as data into the "build-in system contracts". The build-in system contracts will verify the package and execute the transactions if it passes the verification. The verification will be guaranteed with the below design: 1. BC blocking status will be synced to the light client contracts on BSC from time to time, via block header and pre-commits, for the below information: * block and app hash of BC that are signed by validators * current validatorset, and validator set update 2. the key-value from the blockchain state will be verified based on the Merkle Proof and information from above #1. After confirming the key-value is accurate and trustful, the build-in system contracts will execute the actions corresponding to the cross-chain packages. Some examples of such packages that can be created for BC-to-BSC are: 1. Bind: bind the BEP2 tokens and BEP2E 2. Transfer: transfer tokens after binding, this means the circulation will decrease (be locked) from BC and appear in the target address balance on BSC 3. Error Handling: to handle any timeout/failure event for BSC-to-BC communication 4. Validatorset update of BSC To ensure no duplication, proper message sequence and timely timeout, there is a “Channel” concept introduced on BC to manage any types of the communication. For relayers, please also refer to the below “Relayers” section. ## BSC to BC Architecture BSC uses Proof of Staked Authority consensus protocol, which has a chance to fork and requires confirmation of more blocks. One block only has the signature of one validator, so that it is not easy to rely on one block to verify data from BSC. To take full advantage of validator quorum of BC, an idea similar to many [Bridge ](https://github.com/poanetwork/poa-bridge)or Oracle blockchains is adopted: 1. The cross-chain communication requests from BSC will be submitted and executed onto BSC as transactions. The execution of the transanction wil emit `Events`, and such events can be observed and packaged in certain “**Oracle**” onto BC. Instead of Block Headers, Hash and Merkle Proof, this type of “Oracle” package directly contains the cross-chain information for actions, such as sender, receiver and amount for transfer. 2. To ensure the security of the Oracle, the validators of BC will form anothe quorum of “**Oracle Relayers**”. Each validator of the BC should run a **dedicated process** as the Oracle Relayer. These Oracle Relayers will submit and vote for the cross-chain communication package, like Oracle, onto BC, using the same validator keys. Any package signed by more than ⅔\*N+1 Oracle Relayers’ voting power is as secure as any block signed by ⅔\*N+1 of the same quorum of validators’ voting power. By using the same validator quorum, it saves the light client code on BC and continuous block updates onto BC. Such Oracles also have Oracle IDs and types, to ensure sequencing and proper error handling. ## Timeout and Error Handling There are scenarios that the cross-chain communication fails. For example, the relayed package cannot be executed on BSC due to some coding bug in the contracts. **Timeout and error handling logics are** used in such scenarios. For the recognizable user and system errors or any expected exceptions, the two networks should heal themselves. For example, when BC to BSC transfer fails, BSC will issue a failure event and Oracle Relayers will execute a refund on BC; when BSC to BC transfer fails, BC will issue a refund package for Relayer to relay in order to unlock the fund. However, unexpected error or exception may still happen on any step of the cross-chain communication. In such a case, the Relayers and Oracle Relayers will discover that the corresponding cross-chain channel is stuck in a particular sequence. After a Timeout period, the Relayers and Oracle Relayers can request a “SkipSequence” transaction, the stuck sequence will be marked as “Unexecutable”. A corresponding alerts will be raised, and the community has to discuss how to handle this scenario, e.g. payback via the sponsor of the validators, or event clear the fund during next network upgrade. ## Cross-Chain User Experience Ideally, users expect to use two parallel chains in the same way as they use one single chain. It requires more aggregated transaction types to be added onto the cross-chain communication to enable this, which will add great complexity, tight coupling, and maintenance burden. Here BC and BSC only implement the basic operations to enable the value flow in the initial launch and leave most of the user experience work to client side UI, such as wallets. E.g. a great wallet may allow users to sell a token directly from BSC onto BC’s DEX order book, in a secure way. ## Cross-Chain Contract Event Cross-Chain Contract Event (CCCE) is designed to allow a smart contract to trigger cross-chain transactions, directly through the contract code. This becomes possible based on: 1. Standard system contracts can be provided to serve operations callable by general smart contracts; 2. Standard events can be emitted by the standard contracts; 3. Oracle Relayers can capture the standard events, and trigger the corresponding cross-chain operations; 4. Dedicated, code-managed address (account) can be created on BC and accessed by the contracts on the BSC, here it is named as **“Contract Address on BC” (CAoB)**. Several standard operations are implemented: 1. BSC to BC transfer: this is implemented in the same way as normal BSC to BC transfer, by only triggered via standard contract. The fund can be transferred to any addresses on BC, including the corresponding CAoB of the transfer originating contract. 2. Transfer on BC: this is implemented as a special cross-chain transfer, while the real transfer is from **CAoB** to any other address (even another CAoB). 3. BC to BSC transfer: this is implemented as two-pass cross-chain communication. The first is triggered by the BSC contract and propagated onto BC, and then in the second pass, BC will start a normal BC to BSC cross-chain transfer, from **CAoB** to contract address on BSC. A special note should be paid on that the BSC contract only increases balance upon any transfer coming in on the second pass, and the error handling in the second pass is the same as the normal BC to BSC transfer. 4. IOC (Immediate-Or-Cancel) Trade Out: the primary goal of transferring assets to BC is to trade. This event will instruct to trade a certain amount of an asset in CAoB into another asset as much as possible and transfer out all the results, i.e. the left the source and the traded target tokens of the trade, back to BSC. BC will handle such relayed events by sending an “Immediate-Or-Cancel”, i.e. IOC order onto the trading pairs, once the next matching finishes, the result will be relayed back to BSC, which can be in either one or two assets. 5. Auction Trade Out: Such event will instruct BC to send an auction order to trade a certain amount of an asset in **CAoB** into another asset as much as possible and transfer out all the results back to BSC at the end of the auction. Auction function is upcoming on BC. There are some details for the Trade Out: 1. both can have a limit price (absolute or relative) for the trade; 2. the end result will be written as cross-chain packages to relay back to BSC; 3. cross-chain communication fees may be charged from the asset transferred back to BSC; 4. BSC contract maintains a mirror of the balance and outstanding orders on CAoB. No matter what error happens during the Trade Out, the final status will be propagated back to the originating contract and clear its internal state. With the above features, it simply adds the cross-chain transfer and exchange functions with high liquidity onto all the smart contracts on BSC. It will greatly add the application scenarios on Smart Contract and dApps, and make 1 chain +1 chain > 2 chains. # Staking and Governance Proof of Staked Authority brings in decentralization and community involvement. Its core logic can be summarized as the below. You may see similar ideas from other networks, especially Cosmos and EOS. 1. Token holders, including the validators, can put their tokens “**bonded**” into the stake. Token holders can **delegate** their tokens onto any validator or validator candidate, to expect it can become an actual validator, and later they can choose a different validator or candidate to **re-delegate** their tokens¹. 2. All validator candidates will be ranked by the number of bonded tokens on them, and the top ones will become the real validators. 3. Validators can share (part of) their blocking reward with their delegators. 4. Validators can suffer from “**Slashing**”, a punishment for their bad behaviors, such as double sign and/or instability. 5. There is an “**unbonding period**” for validators and delegators so that the system makes sure the tokens remain bonded when bad behaviors are caught, the responsible will get slashed during this period. ## Staking on BC Ideally, such staking and reward logic should be built into the blockchain, and automatically executed as the blocking happens. Cosmos Hub, who shares the same Tendermint consensus and libraries with Binance Chain, works in this way. BC has been preparing to enable staking logic since the design days. On the other side, as BSC wants to remain compatible with Ethereum as much as possible, it is a great challenge and efforts to implement such logic on it. This is especially true when Ethereum itself may move into a different Proof of Stake consensus protocol in a short (or longer) time. In order to keep the compatibility and reuse the good foundation of BC, the staking logic of BSC is implemented on BC: 1. The staking token is BNB, as it is a native token on both blockchains anyway 2. The staking, i.e. token bond and delegation actions and records for BSC, happens on BC. 3. The BSC validator set is determined by its staking and delegation logic, via a staking module built on BC for BSC, and propagated every day UTC 00:00 from BC to BSC via Cross-Chain communication. 4. The reward distribution happens on BC around every day UTC 00:00. ## Rewarding Both the validator update and reward distribution happen every day around UTC 00:00. This is to save the cost of frequent staking updates and block reward distribution. This cost can be significant, as the blocking reward is collected on BSC and distributed on BC to BSC validators and delegators. (Please note BC blocking fees will remain rewarding to BC validators only.) A deliberate delay is introduced here to make sure the distribution is fair: 1. The blocking reward will not be sent to validator right away, instead, they will be distributed and accumulated on a contract; 2. Upon receiving the validator set update into BSC, it will trigger a few cross-chain transfers to transfer the reward to custody addresses on the corresponding validators. The custody addresses are owned by the system so that the reward cannot be spent until the promised distribution to delegators happens. 3. In order to make the synchronization simpler and allocate time to accommodate slashing, the reward for N day will be only distributed in N+2 days. After the delegators get the reward, the left will be transferred to validators’ own reward addresses. ## Slashing Slashing is part of the on-chain governance, to ensure the malicious or negative behaviors are punished. BSC slash can be submitted by anyone. The transaction submission requires **slash evidence** and cost fees but also brings a larger reward when it is successful. So far there are two slashable cases. ### Double Sign It is quite a serious error and very likely deliberate offense when a validator signs more than one block with the same height and parent block. The reference protocol implementation should already have logic to prevent this, so only the malicious code can trigger this. When Double Sign happens, the validator should be removed from the Validator **Set** right away. Anyone can submit a slash request on BC with the evidence of Double Sign of BSC, which should contain the 2 block headers with the same height and parent block, sealed by the offending validator. Upon receiving the evidence, if the BC verifies it to be valid: 1. The validator will be removed from validator set by an instance BSC validator set update Cross-Chain update; 2. A predefined amount of BNB would be slashed from the **self-delegated** BNB of the validator; Both validator and its delegators will not receive the staking rewards. 3. Part of the slashed BNB will allocate to the submitter’s address, which is a reward and larger than the cost of submitting slash request transaction 4. The rest of the slashed BNB will allocate to the other validators’ custody addresses, and distributed to all delegators in the same way as blocking reward. ### Inavailability The liveness of BSC relies on everyone in the Proof of Staked Authority validator set can produce blocks timely when it is their turn. Validators can miss their turn due to any reason, especially problems in their hardware, software, configuration or network. This instability of the operation will hurt the performance and introduce more indeterministic into the system. There can be an internal smart contract responsible for recording the missed blocking metrics of each validator. Once the metrics are above the predefined threshold, the blocking reward for validator will not be relayed to BC for distribution but shared with other better validators. In such a way, the poorly-operating validator should be gradually voted out of the validator set as their delegators will receive less or none reward. If the metrics remain above another higher level of threshold, the validator will be dropped from the rotation, and this will be propagated back to BC, then a predefined amount of BNB would be slashed from the **self-delegated** BNB of the validator. Both validators and delegators will not receive their staking rewards. ### Governance Parameters There are many system parameters to control the behavior of the BSC, e.g. slash amount, cross-chain transfer fees. All these parameters will be determined by BSC Validator Set together through a proposal-vote process based on their staking. Such the process will be carried on BC, and the new parameter values will be picked up by corresponding system contracts via a cross-chain communication. # Relayers Relayers are responsible to submit Cross-Chain Communication Packages between the two blockchains. Due to the heterogeneous parallel chain structure, two different types of Relayers are created. ## BSC Relayers Relayers for BC to BSC communication referred to as “**BSC Relayers**”, or just simply “Relayers”. Relayer is a standalone process that can be run by anyone, and anywhere, except that Relayers must register themselves onto BSC and deposit a certain refundable amount of BNB. Only relaying requests from the registered Relayers will be accepted by BSC. The package they relay will be verified by the on-chain light client on BSC. The successful relay needs to pass enough verification and costs gas fees on BSC, and thus there should be incentive reward to encourage the community to run Relayers. ### Incentives There are two major communication types: 1. Users triggered Operations, such as `token bind` or `cross chain transfer`. Users must pay additional fee to as relayer reward. The reward will be shared with the relayers who sync the referenced blockchain headers. Besides, the reward won't be paid the relayers' accounts directly. A reward distribution mechanism will be brought in to avoid monopolization. 2. System Synchronization, such as delivering `refund package`(caused by failures of most oracle relayers), special blockchain header synchronization(header contains BC validatorset update), BSC staking package. System reward contract will pay reward to relayers' accounts directly. If some Relayers have faster networks and better hardware, they can monopolize all the package relaying and leave no reward to others. Thus fewer participants will join for relaying, which encourages centralization and harms the efficiency and security of the network. Ideally, due to the decentralization and dynamic re-election of BSC validators, one Relayer can hardly be always the first to relay every message. But in order to avoid the monopolization further, the rewarding economy is also specially designed to minimize such chance: 1. The reward for Relayers will be only distributed in batches, and one batch will cover a number of successful relayed packages. 2. The reward a Relayer can get from a batch distribution is not linearly in proportion to their number of successful relayed packages. Instead, except the first a few relays, the more a Relayer relays during a batch period, the less reward it will collect. ## Oracle Relayers Relayers for BSC to BC communication are using the “Oracle” model, and so-called “**Oracle Relayers**”. Each of the validators must, and only the ones of the validator set, run Oracle Relayers. Each Oracle Relayer watches the blockchain state change. Once it catches Cross-Chain Communication Packages, it will submit to vote for the requests. After Oracle Relayers from ⅔ of the voting power of BC validators vote for the changes, the cross-chain actions will be performed. Oracle Replayers should wait for enough blocks to confirm the finality on BSC before submitting and voting for the cross-chain communication packages onto BC. The cross-chain fees will be distributed to BC validators together with the normal BC blocking rewards. Such oracle type relaying depends on all the validators to support. As all the votes for the cross-chain communication packages are recorded on the blockchain, it is not hard to have a metric system to assess the performance of the Oracle Relayers. The poorest performer may have their rewards clawed back via another Slashing logic introduced in the future. # Outlook It is hard to conclude for Binance Chain, as it has never stopped evolving. The dual-chain strategy is to open the gate for users to take advantage of the fast transferring and trading on one side, and flexible and extendable programming on the other side, but it will be one stop along the development of Binance Chain. Here below are the topics to look into so as to facilitate the community better for more usability and extensibility: 1. Add different digital asset model for different business use cases 2. Enable more data feed, especially DEX market data, to be communicated from Binance DEX to BSC 3. Provide interface and compatibility to integrate with Ethereum, including its further upgrade, and other blockchain 4. Improve client side experience to manage wallets and use blockchain more conveniently ------ [1]: BNB business practitioners may provide other benefits for BNB delegators, as they do now for long term BNB holders.

Base commune pour tous les sites de type ### Synchro

#!bash # # bash completion support for core Git. # # Copyright (C) 2006,2007 Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org> # Conceptually based on gitcompletion (http://gitweb.hawaga.org.uk/). # Distributed under the GNU General Public License, version 2.0. # # The contained completion routines provide support for completing: # # *) local and remote branch names # *) local and remote tag names # *) .git/remotes file names # *) git 'subcommands' # *) tree paths within 'ref:path/to/file' expressions # *) common --long-options # # To use these routines: # # 1) Copy this file to somewhere (e.g. ~/.git-completion.sh). # 2) Added the following line to your .bashrc: # source ~/.git-completion.sh # # 3) Consider changing your PS1 to also show the current branch: # PS1='[\u@\h \W$(__git_ps1 " (%s)")]\$ ' # # The argument to __git_ps1 will be displayed only if you # are currently in a git repository. The %s token will be # the name of the current branch. # # In addition, if you set GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE to a nonempty # value, unstaged (*) and staged (+) changes will be shown next # to the branch name. You can configure this per-repository # with the bash.showDirtyState variable, which defaults to true # once GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE is enabled. # # You can also see if currently something is stashed, by setting # GIT_PS1_SHOWSTASHSTATE to a nonempty value. If something is stashed, # then a '$' will be shown next to the branch name. # # If you would like to see if there're untracked files, then you can # set GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES to a nonempty value. If there're # untracked files, then a '%' will be shown next to the branch name. # # If you would like to see the difference between HEAD and its # upstream, set GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM="auto". A "<" indicates # you are behind, ">" indicates you are ahead, and "<>" # indicates you have diverged. You can further control # behaviour by setting GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM to a space-separated # list of values: # verbose show number of commits ahead/behind (+/-) upstream # legacy don't use the '--count' option available in recent # versions of git-rev-list # git always compare HEAD to @{upstream} # svn always compare HEAD to your SVN upstream # By default, __git_ps1 will compare HEAD to your SVN upstream # if it can find one, or @{upstream} otherwise. Once you have # set GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM, you can override it on a # per-repository basis by setting the bash.showUpstream config # variable. # # # To submit patches: # # *) Read Documentation/SubmittingPatches # *) Send all patches to the current maintainer: # # "Shawn O. Pearce" <spearce@spearce.org> # # *) Always CC the Git mailing list: # # git@vger.kernel.org # case "$COMP_WORDBREAKS" in *:*) : great ;; *) COMP_WORDBREAKS="$COMP_WORDBREAKS:" esac # __gitdir accepts 0 or 1 arguments (i.e., location) # returns location of .git repo __gitdir () { if [ -z "${1-}" ]; then if [ -n "${__git_dir-}" ]; then echo "$__git_dir" elif [ -d .git ]; then echo .git else git rev-parse --git-dir 2>/dev/null fi elif [ -d "$1/.git" ]; then echo "$1/.git" else echo "$1" fi } # stores the divergence from upstream in $p # used by GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM __git_ps1_show_upstream () { local key value local svn_remote=() svn_url_pattern count n local upstream=git legacy="" verbose="" # get some config options from git-config while read key value; do case "$key" in bash.showupstream) GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM="$value" if [[ -z "${GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM}" ]]; then p="" return fi ;; svn-remote.*.url) svn_remote[ $((${#svn_remote[@]} + 1)) ]="$value" svn_url_pattern+="\\|$value" upstream=svn+git # default upstream is SVN if available, else git ;; esac done < <(git config -z --get-regexp '^(svn-remote\..*\.url|bash\.showupstream)$' 2>/dev/null | tr '\0\n' '\n ') # parse configuration values for option in ${GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM}; do case "$option" in git|svn) upstream="$option" ;; verbose) verbose=1 ;; legacy) legacy=1 ;; esac done # Find our upstream case "$upstream" in git) upstream="@{upstream}" ;; svn*) # get the upstream from the "git-svn-id: ..." in a commit message # (git-svn uses essentially the same procedure internally) local svn_upstream=($(git log --first-parent -1 \ --grep="^git-svn-id: \(${svn_url_pattern:2}\)" 2>/dev/null)) if [[ 0 -ne ${#svn_upstream[@]} ]]; then svn_upstream=${svn_upstream[ ${#svn_upstream[@]} - 2 ]} svn_upstream=${svn_upstream%@*} for ((n=1; "$n" <= "${#svn_remote[@]}"; ++n)); do svn_upstream=${svn_upstream#${svn_remote[$n]}} done if [[ -z "$svn_upstream" ]]; then # default branch name for checkouts with no layout: upstream=${GIT_SVN_ID:-git-svn} else upstream=${svn_upstream#/} fi elif [[ "svn+git" = "$upstream" ]]; then upstream="@{upstream}" fi ;; esac # Find how many commits we are ahead/behind our upstream if [[ -z "$legacy" ]]; then count="$(git rev-list --count --left-right \ "$upstream"...HEAD 2>/dev/null)" else # produce equivalent output to --count for older versions of git local commits if commits="$(git rev-list --left-right "$upstream"...HEAD 2>/dev/null)" then local commit behind=0 ahead=0 for commit in $commits do case "$commit" in "<"*) let ++behind ;; *) let ++ahead ;; esac done count="$behind $ahead" else count="" fi fi # calculate the result if [[ -z "$verbose" ]]; then case "$count" in "") # no upstream p="" ;; "0 0") # equal to upstream p="=" ;; "0 "*) # ahead of upstream p=">" ;; *" 0") # behind upstream p="<" ;; *) # diverged from upstream p="<>" ;; esac else case "$count" in "") # no upstream p="" ;; "0 0") # equal to upstream p=" u=" ;; "0 "*) # ahead of upstream p=" u+${count#0 }" ;; *" 0") # behind upstream p=" u-${count% 0}" ;; *) # diverged from upstream p=" u+${count#* }-${count% *}" ;; esac fi } # __git_ps1 accepts 0 or 1 arguments (i.e., format string) # returns text to add to bash PS1 prompt (includes branch name) __git_ps1 () { local g="$(__gitdir)" if [ -n "$g" ]; then local r="" local b="" if [ -f "$g/rebase-merge/interactive" ]; then r="|REBASE-i" b="$(cat "$g/rebase-merge/head-name")" elif [ -d "$g/rebase-merge" ]; then r="|REBASE-m" b="$(cat "$g/rebase-merge/head-name")" else if [ -d "$g/rebase-apply" ]; then if [ -f "$g/rebase-apply/rebasing" ]; then r="|REBASE" elif [ -f "$g/rebase-apply/applying" ]; then r="|AM" else r="|AM/REBASE" fi elif [ -f "$g/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then r="|MERGING" elif [ -f "$g/BISECT_LOG" ]; then r="|BISECTING" fi b="$(git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>/dev/null)" || { b="$( case "${GIT_PS1_DESCRIBE_STYLE-}" in (contains) git describe --contains HEAD ;; (branch) git describe --contains --all HEAD ;; (describe) git describe HEAD ;; (* | default) git describe --exact-match HEAD ;; esac 2>/dev/null)" || b="$(cut -c1-7 "$g/HEAD" 2>/dev/null)..." || b="unknown" b="($b)" } fi local w="" local i="" local s="" local u="" local c="" local p="" if [ "true" = "$(git rev-parse --is-inside-git-dir 2>/dev/null)" ]; then if [ "true" = "$(git rev-parse --is-bare-repository 2>/dev/null)" ]; then c="BARE:" else b="GIT_DIR!" fi elif [ "true" = "$(git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2>/dev/null)" ]; then if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE-}" ]; then if [ "$(git config --bool bash.showDirtyState)" != "false" ]; then git diff --no-ext-diff --quiet --exit-code || w="*" if git rev-parse --quiet --verify HEAD >/dev/null; then git diff-index --cached --quiet HEAD -- || i="+" else i="#" fi fi fi if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWSTASHSTATE-}" ]; then git rev-parse --verify refs/stash >/dev/null 2>&1 && s="$" fi if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES-}" ]; then if [ -n "$(git ls-files --others --exclude-standard)" ]; then u="%" fi fi if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM-}" ]; then __git_ps1_show_upstream fi fi local f="$w$i$s$u" printf "${1:- (%s)}" "$c${b##refs/heads/}${f:+ $f}$r$p" fi } # __gitcomp_1 requires 2 arguments __gitcomp_1 () { local c IFS=' '$'\t'$'\n' for c in $1; do case "$c$2" in --*=*) printf %s$'\n' "$c$2" ;; *.) printf %s$'\n' "$c$2" ;; *) printf %s$'\n' "$c$2 " ;; esac done } # __gitcomp accepts 1, 2, 3, or 4 arguments # generates completion reply with compgen __gitcomp () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" if [ $# -gt 2 ]; then cur="$3" fi case "$cur" in --*=) COMPREPLY=() ;; *) local IFS=$'\n' COMPREPLY=($(compgen -P "${2-}" \ -W "$(__gitcomp_1 "${1-}" "${4-}")" \ -- "$cur")) ;; esac } # __git_heads accepts 0 or 1 arguments (to pass to __gitdir) __git_heads () { local cmd i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "${1-}")" if [ -d "$dir" ]; then git --git-dir="$dir" for-each-ref --format='%(refname:short)' \ refs/heads return fi for i in $(git ls-remote "${1-}" 2>/dev/null); do case "$is_hash,$i" in y,*) is_hash=n ;; n,*^{}) is_hash=y ;; n,refs/heads/*) is_hash=y; echo "${i#refs/heads/}" ;; n,*) is_hash=y; echo "$i" ;; esac done } # __git_tags accepts 0 or 1 arguments (to pass to __gitdir) __git_tags () { local cmd i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "${1-}")" if [ -d "$dir" ]; then git --git-dir="$dir" for-each-ref --format='%(refname:short)' \ refs/tags return fi for i in $(git ls-remote "${1-}" 2>/dev/null); do case "$is_hash,$i" in y,*) is_hash=n ;; n,*^{}) is_hash=y ;; n,refs/tags/*) is_hash=y; echo "${i#refs/tags/}" ;; n,*) is_hash=y; echo "$i" ;; esac done } # __git_refs accepts 0 or 1 arguments (to pass to __gitdir) __git_refs () { local i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "${1-}")" local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" format refs if [ -d "$dir" ]; then case "$cur" in refs|refs/*) format="refname" refs="${cur%/*}" ;; *) for i in HEAD FETCH_HEAD ORIG_HEAD MERGE_HEAD; do if [ -e "$dir/$i" ]; then echo $i; fi done format="refname:short" refs="refs/tags refs/heads refs/remotes" ;; esac git --git-dir="$dir" for-each-ref --format="%($format)" \ $refs return fi for i in $(git ls-remote "$dir" 2>/dev/null); do case "$is_hash,$i" in y,*) is_hash=n ;; n,*^{}) is_hash=y ;; n,refs/tags/*) is_hash=y; echo "${i#refs/tags/}" ;; n,refs/heads/*) is_hash=y; echo "${i#refs/heads/}" ;; n,refs/remotes/*) is_hash=y; echo "${i#refs/remotes/}" ;; n,*) is_hash=y; echo "$i" ;; esac done } # __git_refs2 requires 1 argument (to pass to __git_refs) __git_refs2 () { local i for i in $(__git_refs "$1"); do echo "$i:$i" done } # __git_refs_remotes requires 1 argument (to pass to ls-remote) __git_refs_remotes () { local cmd i is_hash=y for i in $(git ls-remote "$1" 2>/dev/null); do case "$is_hash,$i" in n,refs/heads/*) is_hash=y echo "$i:refs/remotes/$1/${i#refs/heads/}" ;; y,*) is_hash=n ;; n,*^{}) is_hash=y ;; n,refs/tags/*) is_hash=y;; n,*) is_hash=y; ;; esac done } __git_remotes () { local i ngoff IFS=$'\n' d="$(__gitdir)" shopt -q nullglob || ngoff=1 shopt -s nullglob for i in "$d/remotes"/*; do echo ${i#$d/remotes/} done [ "$ngoff" ] && shopt -u nullglob for i in $(git --git-dir="$d" config --get-regexp 'remote\..*\.url' 2>/dev/null); do i="${i#remote.}" echo "${i/.url*/}" done } __git_list_merge_strategies () { git merge -s help 2>&1 | sed -n -e '/[Aa]vailable strategies are: /,/^$/{ s/\.$// s/.*:// s/^[ ]*// s/[ ]*$// p }' } __git_merge_strategies= # 'git merge -s help' (and thus detection of the merge strategy # list) fails, unfortunately, if run outside of any git working # tree. __git_merge_strategies is set to the empty string in # that case, and the detection will be repeated the next time it # is needed. __git_compute_merge_strategies () { : ${__git_merge_strategies:=$(__git_list_merge_strategies)} } __git_complete_file () { local pfx ls ref cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in ?*:*) ref="${cur%%:*}" cur="${cur#*:}" case "$cur" in ?*/*) pfx="${cur%/*}" cur="${cur##*/}" ls="$ref:$pfx" pfx="$pfx/" ;; *) ls="$ref" ;; esac case "$COMP_WORDBREAKS" in *:*) : great ;; *) pfx="$ref:$pfx" ;; esac local IFS=$'\n' COMPREPLY=($(compgen -P "$pfx" \ -W "$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" ls-tree "$ls" \ | sed '/^100... blob /{ s,^.* ,, s,$, , } /^120000 blob /{ s,^.* ,, s,$, , } /^040000 tree /{ s,^.* ,, s,$,/, } s/^.* //')" \ -- "$cur")) ;; *) __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" ;; esac } __git_complete_revlist () { local pfx cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in *...*) pfx="${cur%...*}..." cur="${cur#*...}" __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur" ;; *..*) pfx="${cur%..*}.." cur="${cur#*..}" __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur" ;; *) __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" ;; esac } __git_complete_remote_or_refspec () { local cmd="${COMP_WORDS[1]}" local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" local i c=2 remote="" pfx="" lhs=1 no_complete_refspec=0 while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do i="${COMP_WORDS[c]}" case "$i" in --mirror) [ "$cmd" = "push" ] && no_complete_refspec=1 ;; --all) case "$cmd" in push) no_complete_refspec=1 ;; fetch) COMPREPLY=() return ;; *) ;; esac ;; -*) ;; *) remote="$i"; break ;; esac c=$((++c)) done if [ -z "$remote" ]; then __gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)" return fi if [ $no_complete_refspec = 1 ]; then COMPREPLY=() return fi [ "$remote" = "." ] && remote= case "$cur" in *:*) case "$COMP_WORDBREAKS" in *:*) : great ;; *) pfx="${cur%%:*}:" ;; esac cur="${cur#*:}" lhs=0 ;; +*) pfx="+" cur="${cur#+}" ;; esac case "$cmd" in fetch) if [ $lhs = 1 ]; then __gitcomp "$(__git_refs2 "$remote")" "$pfx" "$cur" else __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur" fi ;; pull) if [ $lhs = 1 ]; then __gitcomp "$(__git_refs "$remote")" "$pfx" "$cur" else __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur" fi ;; push) if [ $lhs = 1 ]; then __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur" else __gitcomp "$(__git_refs "$remote")" "$pfx" "$cur" fi ;; esac } __git_complete_strategy () { __git_compute_merge_strategies case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" in -s|--strategy) __gitcomp "$__git_merge_strategies" return 0 esac local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --strategy=*) __gitcomp "$__git_merge_strategies" "" "${cur##--strategy=}" return 0 ;; esac return 1 } __git_list_all_commands () { local i IFS=" "$'\n' for i in $(git help -a|egrep '^ [a-zA-Z0-9]') do case $i in *--*) : helper pattern;; *) echo $i;; esac done } __git_all_commands= __git_compute_all_commands () { : ${__git_all_commands:=$(__git_list_all_commands)} } __git_list_porcelain_commands () { local i IFS=" "$'\n' __git_compute_all_commands for i in "help" $__git_all_commands do case $i in *--*) : helper pattern;; applymbox) : ask gittus;; applypatch) : ask gittus;; archimport) : import;; cat-file) : plumbing;; check-attr) : plumbing;; check-ref-format) : plumbing;; checkout-index) : plumbing;; commit-tree) : plumbing;; count-objects) : infrequent;; cvsexportcommit) : export;; cvsimport) : import;; cvsserver) : daemon;; daemon) : daemon;; diff-files) : plumbing;; diff-index) : plumbing;; diff-tree) : plumbing;; fast-import) : import;; fast-export) : export;; fsck-objects) : plumbing;; fetch-pack) : plumbing;; fmt-merge-msg) : plumbing;; for-each-ref) : plumbing;; hash-object) : plumbing;; http-*) : transport;; index-pack) : plumbing;; init-db) : deprecated;; local-fetch) : plumbing;; lost-found) : infrequent;; ls-files) : plumbing;; ls-remote) : plumbing;; ls-tree) : plumbing;; mailinfo) : plumbing;; mailsplit) : plumbing;; merge-*) : plumbing;; mktree) : plumbing;; mktag) : plumbing;; pack-objects) : plumbing;; pack-redundant) : plumbing;; pack-refs) : plumbing;; parse-remote) : plumbing;; patch-id) : plumbing;; peek-remote) : plumbing;; prune) : plumbing;; prune-packed) : plumbing;; quiltimport) : import;; read-tree) : plumbing;; receive-pack) : plumbing;; reflog) : plumbing;; remote-*) : transport;; repo-config) : deprecated;; rerere) : plumbing;; rev-list) : plumbing;; rev-parse) : plumbing;; runstatus) : plumbing;; sh-setup) : internal;; shell) : daemon;; show-ref) : plumbing;; send-pack) : plumbing;; show-index) : plumbing;; ssh-*) : transport;; stripspace) : plumbing;; symbolic-ref) : plumbing;; tar-tree) : deprecated;; unpack-file) : plumbing;; unpack-objects) : plumbing;; update-index) : plumbing;; update-ref) : plumbing;; update-server-info) : daemon;; upload-archive) : plumbing;; upload-pack) : plumbing;; write-tree) : plumbing;; var) : infrequent;; verify-pack) : infrequent;; verify-tag) : plumbing;; *) echo $i;; esac done } __git_porcelain_commands= __git_compute_porcelain_commands () { __git_compute_all_commands : ${__git_porcelain_commands:=$(__git_list_porcelain_commands)} } __git_aliases () { local i IFS=$'\n' for i in $(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" config --get-regexp "alias\..*" 2>/dev/null); do case "$i" in alias.*) i="${i#alias.}" echo "${i/ */}" ;; esac done } # __git_aliased_command requires 1 argument __git_aliased_command () { local word cmdline=$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" \ config --get "alias.$1") for word in $cmdline; do case "$word" in \!gitk|gitk) echo "gitk" return ;; \!*) : shell command alias ;; -*) : option ;; *=*) : setting env ;; git) : git itself ;; *) echo "$word" return esac done } # __git_find_on_cmdline requires 1 argument __git_find_on_cmdline () { local word subcommand c=1 while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do word="${COMP_WORDS[c]}" for subcommand in $1; do if [ "$subcommand" = "$word" ]; then echo "$subcommand" return fi done c=$((++c)) done } __git_has_doubledash () { local c=1 while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do if [ "--" = "${COMP_WORDS[c]}" ]; then return 0 fi c=$((++c)) done return 1 } __git_whitespacelist="nowarn warn error error-all fix" _git_am () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" dir="$(__gitdir)" if [ -d "$dir"/rebase-apply ]; then __gitcomp "--skip --continue --resolved --abort" return fi case "$cur" in --whitespace=*) __gitcomp "$__git_whitespacelist" "" "${cur##--whitespace=}" return ;; --*) __gitcomp " --3way --committer-date-is-author-date --ignore-date --ignore-whitespace --ignore-space-change --interactive --keep --no-utf8 --signoff --utf8 --whitespace= --scissors " return esac COMPREPLY=() } _git_apply () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --whitespace=*) __gitcomp "$__git_whitespacelist" "" "${cur##--whitespace=}" return ;; --*) __gitcomp " --stat --numstat --summary --check --index --cached --index-info --reverse --reject --unidiff-zero --apply --no-add --exclude= --ignore-whitespace --ignore-space-change --whitespace= --inaccurate-eof --verbose " return esac COMPREPLY=() } _git_add () { __git_has_doubledash && return local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp " --interactive --refresh --patch --update --dry-run --ignore-errors --intent-to-add " return esac COMPREPLY=() } _git_archive () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --format=*) __gitcomp "$(git archive --list)" "" "${cur##--format=}" return ;; --remote=*) __gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)" "" "${cur##--remote=}" return ;; --*) __gitcomp " --format= --list --verbose --prefix= --remote= --exec= " return ;; esac __git_complete_file } _git_bisect () { __git_has_doubledash && return local subcommands="start bad good skip reset visualize replay log run" local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")" if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then __gitcomp "$subcommands" return fi case "$subcommand" in bad|good|reset|skip) __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" ;; *) COMPREPLY=() ;; esac } _git_branch () { local i c=1 only_local_ref="n" has_r="n" while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do i="${COMP_WORDS[c]}" case "$i" in -d|-m) only_local_ref="y" ;; -r) has_r="y" ;; esac c=$((++c)) done case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" in --*) __gitcomp " --color --no-color --verbose --abbrev= --no-abbrev --track --no-track --contains --merged --no-merged --set-upstream " ;; *) if [ $only_local_ref = "y" -a $has_r = "n" ]; then __gitcomp "$(__git_heads)" else __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" fi ;; esac } _git_bundle () { local cmd="${COMP_WORDS[2]}" case "$COMP_CWORD" in 2) __gitcomp "create list-heads verify unbundle" ;; 3) # looking for a file ;; *) case "$cmd" in create) __git_complete_revlist ;; esac ;; esac } _git_checkout () { __git_has_doubledash && return local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --conflict=*) __gitcomp "diff3 merge" "" "${cur##--conflict=}" ;; --*) __gitcomp " --quiet --ours --theirs --track --no-track --merge --conflict= --orphan --patch " ;; *) __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" ;; esac } _git_cherry () { __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" } _git_cherry_pick () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp "--edit --no-commit" ;; *) __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" ;; esac } _git_clean () { __git_has_doubledash && return local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp "--dry-run --quiet" return ;; esac COMPREPLY=() } _git_clone () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp " --local --no-hardlinks --shared --reference --quiet --no-checkout --bare --mirror --origin --upload-pack --template= --depth " return ;; esac COMPREPLY=() } _git_commit () { __git_has_doubledash && return local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --cleanup=*) __gitcomp "default strip verbatim whitespace " "" "${cur##--cleanup=}" return ;; --reuse-message=*) __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur##--reuse-message=}" return ;; --reedit-message=*) __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur##--reedit-message=}" return ;; --untracked-files=*) __gitcomp "all no normal" "" "${cur##--untracked-files=}" return ;; --*) __gitcomp " --all --author= --signoff --verify --no-verify --edit --amend --include --only --interactive --dry-run --reuse-message= --reedit-message= --reset-author --file= --message= --template= --cleanup= --untracked-files --untracked-files= --verbose --quiet " return esac COMPREPLY=() } _git_describe () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp " --all --tags --contains --abbrev= --candidates= --exact-match --debug --long --match --always " return esac __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" } __git_diff_common_options="--stat --numstat --shortstat --summary --patch-with-stat --name-only --name-status --color --no-color --color-words --no-renames --check --full-index --binary --abbrev --diff-filter= --find-copies-harder --text --ignore-space-at-eol --ignore-space-change --ignore-all-space --exit-code --quiet --ext-diff --no-ext-diff --no-prefix --src-prefix= --dst-prefix= --inter-hunk-context= --patience --raw --dirstat --dirstat= --dirstat-by-file --dirstat-by-file= --cumulative " _git_diff () { __git_has_doubledash && return local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp "--cached --staged --pickaxe-all --pickaxe-regex --base --ours --theirs $__git_diff_common_options " return ;; esac __git_complete_file } __git_mergetools_common="diffuse ecmerge emerge kdiff3 meld opendiff tkdiff vimdiff gvimdiff xxdiff araxis p4merge " _git_difftool () { __git_has_doubledash && return local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --tool=*) __gitcomp "$__git_mergetools_common kompare" "" "${cur##--tool=}" return ;; --*) __gitcomp "--cached --staged --pickaxe-all --pickaxe-regex --base --ours --theirs --no-renames --diff-filter= --find-copies-harder --relative --ignore-submodules --tool=" return ;; esac __git_complete_file } __git_fetch_options=" --quiet --verbose --append --upload-pack --force --keep --depth= --tags --no-tags --all --prune --dry-run " _git_fetch () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp "$__git_fetch_options" return ;; esac __git_complete_remote_or_refspec } _git_format_patch () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --thread=*) __gitcomp " deep shallow " "" "${cur##--thread=}" return ;; --*) __gitcomp " --stdout --attach --no-attach --thread --thread= --output-directory --numbered --start-number --numbered-files --keep-subject --signoff --signature --no-signature --in-reply-to= --cc= --full-index --binary --not --all --cover-letter --no-prefix --src-prefix= --dst-prefix= --inline --suffix= --ignore-if-in-upstream --subject-prefix= " return ;; esac __git_complete_revlist } _git_fsck () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp " --tags --root --unreachable --cache --no-reflogs --full --strict --verbose --lost-found " return ;; esac COMPREPLY=() } _git_gc () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp "--prune --aggressive" return ;; esac COMPREPLY=() } _git_gitk () { _gitk } _git_grep () { __git_has_doubledash && return local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp " --cached --text --ignore-case --word-regexp --invert-match --full-name --extended-regexp --basic-regexp --fixed-strings --files-with-matches --name-only --files-without-match --max-depth --count --and --or --not --all-match " return ;; esac __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" } _git_help () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp "--all --info --man --web" return ;; esac __git_compute_all_commands __gitcomp "$__git_all_commands attributes cli core-tutorial cvs-migration diffcore gitk glossary hooks ignore modules repository-layout tutorial tutorial-2 workflows " } _git_init () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --shared=*) __gitcomp " false true umask group all world everybody " "" "${cur##--shared=}" return ;; --*) __gitcomp "--quiet --bare --template= --shared --shared=" return ;; esac COMPREPLY=() } _git_ls_files () { __git_has_doubledash && return local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp "--cached --deleted --modified --others --ignored --stage --directory --no-empty-directory --unmerged --killed --exclude= --exclude-from= --exclude-per-directory= --exclude-standard --error-unmatch --with-tree= --full-name --abbrev --ignored --exclude-per-directory " return ;; esac COMPREPLY=() } _git_ls_remote () { __gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)" } _git_ls_tree () { __git_complete_file } # Options that go well for log, shortlog and gitk __git_log_common_options=" --not --all --branches --tags --remotes --first-parent --merges --no-merges --max-count= --max-age= --since= --after= --min-age= --until= --before= " # Options that go well for log and gitk (not shortlog) __git_log_gitk_options=" --dense --sparse --full-history --simplify-merges --simplify-by-decoration --left-right " # Options that go well for log and shortlog (not gitk) __git_log_shortlog_options=" --author= --committer= --grep= --all-match " __git_log_pretty_formats="oneline short medium full fuller email raw format:" __git_log_date_formats="relative iso8601 rfc2822 short local default raw" _git_log () { __git_has_doubledash && return local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" local g="$(git rev-parse --git-dir 2>/dev/null)" local merge="" if [ -f "$g/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then merge="--merge" fi case "$cur" in --pretty=*) __gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats " "" "${cur##--pretty=}" return ;; --format=*) __gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats " "" "${cur##--format=}" return ;; --date=*) __gitcomp "$__git_log_date_formats" "" "${cur##--date=}" return ;; --decorate=*) __gitcomp "long short" "" "${cur##--decorate=}" return ;; --*) __gitcomp " $__git_log_common_options $__git_log_shortlog_options $__git_log_gitk_options --root --topo-order --date-order --reverse --follow --full-diff --abbrev-commit --abbrev= --relative-date --date= --pretty= --format= --oneline --cherry-pick --graph --decorate --decorate= --walk-reflogs --parents --children $merge $__git_diff_common_options --pickaxe-all --pickaxe-regex " return ;; esac __git_complete_revlist } __git_merge_options=" --no-commit --no-stat --log --no-log --squash --strategy --commit --stat --no-squash --ff --no-ff --ff-only " _git_merge () { __git_complete_strategy && return local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp "$__git_merge_options" return esac __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" } _git_mergetool () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --tool=*) __gitcomp "$__git_mergetools_common tortoisemerge" "" "${cur##--tool=}" return ;; --*) __gitcomp "--tool=" return ;; esac COMPREPLY=() } _git_merge_base () { __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" } _git_mv () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp "--dry-run" return ;; esac COMPREPLY=() } _git_name_rev () { __gitcomp "--tags --all --stdin" } _git_notes () { local subcommands="edit show" if [ -z "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")" ]; then __gitcomp "$subcommands" return fi case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" in -m|-F) COMPREPLY=() ;; *) __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" ;; esac } _git_pull () { __git_complete_strategy && return local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp " --rebase --no-rebase $__git_merge_options $__git_fetch_options " return ;; esac __git_complete_remote_or_refspec } _git_push () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" in --repo) __gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)" return esac case "$cur" in --repo=*) __gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)" "" "${cur##--repo=}" return ;; --*) __gitcomp " --all --mirror --tags --dry-run --force --verbose --receive-pack= --repo= " return ;; esac __git_complete_remote_or_refspec } _git_rebase () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" dir="$(__gitdir)" if [ -d "$dir"/rebase-apply ] || [ -d "$dir"/rebase-merge ]; then __gitcomp "--continue --skip --abort" return fi __git_complete_strategy && return case "$cur" in --whitespace=*) __gitcomp "$__git_whitespacelist" "" "${cur##--whitespace=}" return ;; --*) __gitcomp " --onto --merge --strategy --interactive --preserve-merges --stat --no-stat --committer-date-is-author-date --ignore-date --ignore-whitespace --whitespace= --autosquash " return esac __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" } __git_send_email_confirm_options="always never auto cc compose" __git_send_email_suppresscc_options="author self cc bodycc sob cccmd body all" _git_send_email () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --confirm=*) __gitcomp " $__git_send_email_confirm_options " "" "${cur##--confirm=}" return ;; --suppress-cc=*) __gitcomp " $__git_send_email_suppresscc_options " "" "${cur##--suppress-cc=}" return ;; --smtp-encryption=*) __gitcomp "ssl tls" "" "${cur##--smtp-encryption=}" return ;; --*) __gitcomp "--annotate --bcc --cc --cc-cmd --chain-reply-to --compose --confirm= --dry-run --envelope-sender --from --identity --in-reply-to --no-chain-reply-to --no-signed-off-by-cc --no-suppress-from --no-thread --quiet --signed-off-by-cc --smtp-pass --smtp-server --smtp-server-port --smtp-encryption= --smtp-user --subject --suppress-cc= --suppress-from --thread --to --validate --no-validate" return ;; esac COMPREPLY=() } _git_stage () { _git_add } __git_config_get_set_variables () { local prevword word config_file= c=$COMP_CWORD while [ $c -gt 1 ]; do word="${COMP_WORDS[c]}" case "$word" in --global|--system|--file=*) config_file="$word" break ;; -f|--file) config_file="$word $prevword" break ;; esac prevword=$word c=$((--c)) done git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" config $config_file --list 2>/dev/null | while read line do case "$line" in *.*=*) echo "${line/=*/}" ;; esac done } _git_config () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" local prv="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" case "$prv" in branch.*.remote) __gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)" return ;; branch.*.merge) __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" return ;; remote.*.fetch) local remote="${prv#remote.}" remote="${remote%.fetch}" __gitcomp "$(__git_refs_remotes "$remote")" return ;; remote.*.push) local remote="${prv#remote.}" remote="${remote%.push}" __gitcomp "$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" \ for-each-ref --format='%(refname):%(refname)' \ refs/heads)" return ;; pull.twohead|pull.octopus) __git_compute_merge_strategies __gitcomp "$__git_merge_strategies" return ;; color.branch|color.diff|color.interactive|\ color.showbranch|color.status|color.ui) __gitcomp "always never auto" return ;; color.pager) __gitcomp "false true" return ;; color.*.*) __gitcomp " normal black red green yellow blue magenta cyan white bold dim ul blink reverse " return ;; help.format) __gitcomp "man info web html" return ;; log.date) __gitcomp "$__git_log_date_formats" return ;; sendemail.aliasesfiletype) __gitcomp "mutt mailrc pine elm gnus" return ;; sendemail.confirm) __gitcomp "$__git_send_email_confirm_options" return ;; sendemail.suppresscc) __gitcomp "$__git_send_email_suppresscc_options" return ;; --get|--get-all|--unset|--unset-all) __gitcomp "$(__git_config_get_set_variables)" return ;; *.*) COMPREPLY=() return ;; esac case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp " --global --system --file= --list --replace-all --get --get-all --get-regexp --add --unset --unset-all --remove-section --rename-section " return ;; branch.*.*) local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur="${cur##*.}" __gitcomp "remote merge mergeoptions rebase" "$pfx" "$cur" return ;; branch.*) local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur="${cur#*.}" __gitcomp "$(__git_heads)" "$pfx" "$cur" "." return ;; guitool.*.*) local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur="${cur##*.}" __gitcomp " argprompt cmd confirm needsfile noconsole norescan prompt revprompt revunmerged title " "$pfx" "$cur" return ;; difftool.*.*) local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur="${cur##*.}" __gitcomp "cmd path" "$pfx" "$cur" return ;; man.*.*) local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur="${cur##*.}" __gitcomp "cmd path" "$pfx" "$cur" return ;; mergetool.*.*) local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur="${cur##*.}" __gitcomp "cmd path trustExitCode" "$pfx" "$cur" return ;; pager.*) local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur="${cur#*.}" __git_compute_all_commands __gitcomp "$__git_all_commands" "$pfx" "$cur" return ;; remote.*.*) local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur="${cur##*.}" __gitcomp " url proxy fetch push mirror skipDefaultUpdate receivepack uploadpack tagopt pushurl " "$pfx" "$cur" return ;; remote.*) local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur="${cur#*.}" __gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)" "$pfx" "$cur" "." return ;; url.*.*) local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur="${cur##*.}" __gitcomp "insteadOf pushInsteadOf" "$pfx" "$cur" return ;; esac __gitcomp " add.ignore-errors alias. apply.ignorewhitespace apply.whitespace branch.autosetupmerge branch.autosetuprebase clean.requireForce color.branch color.branch.current color.branch.local color.branch.plain color.branch.remote color.diff color.diff.commit color.diff.frag color.diff.meta color.diff.new color.diff.old color.diff.plain color.diff.whitespace color.grep color.grep.external color.grep.match color.interactive color.interactive.header color.interactive.help color.interactive.prompt color.pager color.showbranch color.status color.status.added color.status.changed color.status.header color.status.nobranch color.status.untracked color.status.updated color.ui commit.template core.autocrlf core.bare core.compression core.createObject core.deltaBaseCacheLimit core.editor core.excludesfile core.fileMode core.fsyncobjectfiles core.gitProxy core.ignoreCygwinFSTricks core.ignoreStat core.logAllRefUpdates core.loosecompression core.packedGitLimit core.packedGitWindowSize core.pager core.preferSymlinkRefs core.preloadindex core.quotepath core.repositoryFormatVersion core.safecrlf core.sharedRepository core.symlinks core.trustctime core.warnAmbiguousRefs core.whitespace core.worktree diff.autorefreshindex diff.external diff.mnemonicprefix diff.renameLimit diff.renameLimit. diff.renames diff.suppressBlankEmpty diff.tool diff.wordRegex difftool. difftool.prompt fetch.unpackLimit format.attach format.cc format.headers format.numbered format.pretty format.signature format.signoff format.subjectprefix format.suffix format.thread gc.aggressiveWindow gc.auto gc.autopacklimit gc.packrefs gc.pruneexpire gc.reflogexpire gc.reflogexpireunreachable gc.rerereresolved gc.rerereunresolved gitcvs.allbinary gitcvs.commitmsgannotation gitcvs.dbTableNamePrefix gitcvs.dbdriver gitcvs.dbname gitcvs.dbpass gitcvs.dbuser gitcvs.enabled gitcvs.logfile gitcvs.usecrlfattr guitool. gui.blamehistoryctx gui.commitmsgwidth gui.copyblamethreshold gui.diffcontext gui.encoding gui.fastcopyblame gui.matchtrackingbranch gui.newbranchtemplate gui.pruneduringfetch gui.spellingdictionary gui.trustmtime help.autocorrect help.browser help.format http.lowSpeedLimit http.lowSpeedTime http.maxRequests http.noEPSV http.proxy http.sslCAInfo http.sslCAPath http.sslCert http.sslKey http.sslVerify i18n.commitEncoding i18n.logOutputEncoding imap.folder imap.host imap.pass imap.port imap.preformattedHTML imap.sslverify imap.tunnel imap.user instaweb.browser instaweb.httpd instaweb.local instaweb.modulepath instaweb.port interactive.singlekey log.date log.showroot mailmap.file man. man.viewer merge.conflictstyle merge.log merge.renameLimit merge.stat merge.tool merge.verbosity mergetool. mergetool.keepBackup mergetool.prompt pack.compression pack.deltaCacheLimit pack.deltaCacheSize pack.depth pack.indexVersion pack.packSizeLimit pack.threads pack.window pack.windowMemory pager. pull.octopus pull.twohead push.default rebase.stat receive.denyCurrentBranch receive.denyDeletes receive.denyNonFastForwards receive.fsckObjects receive.unpackLimit repack.usedeltabaseoffset rerere.autoupdate rerere.enabled sendemail.aliasesfile sendemail.aliasesfiletype sendemail.bcc sendemail.cc sendemail.cccmd sendemail.chainreplyto sendemail.confirm sendemail.envelopesender sendemail.multiedit sendemail.signedoffbycc sendemail.smtpencryption sendemail.smtppass sendemail.smtpserver sendemail.smtpserverport sendemail.smtpuser sendemail.suppresscc sendemail.suppressfrom sendemail.thread sendemail.to sendemail.validate showbranch.default status.relativePaths status.showUntrackedFiles tar.umask transfer.unpackLimit url. user.email user.name user.signingkey web.browser branch. remote. " } _git_remote () { local subcommands="add rename rm show prune update set-head" local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")" if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then __gitcomp "$subcommands" return fi case "$subcommand" in rename|rm|show|prune) __gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)" ;; update) local i c='' IFS=$'\n' for i in $(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" config --get-regexp "remotes\..*" 2>/dev/null); do i="${i#remotes.}" c="$c ${i/ */}" done __gitcomp "$c" ;; *) COMPREPLY=() ;; esac } _git_replace () { __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" } _git_reset () { __git_has_doubledash && return local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp "--merge --mixed --hard --soft --patch" return ;; esac __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" } _git_revert () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp "--edit --mainline --no-edit --no-commit --signoff" return ;; esac __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" } _git_rm () { __git_has_doubledash && return local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp "--cached --dry-run --ignore-unmatch --quiet" return ;; esac COMPREPLY=() } _git_shortlog () { __git_has_doubledash && return local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp " $__git_log_common_options $__git_log_shortlog_options --numbered --summary " return ;; esac __git_complete_revlist } _git_show () { __git_has_doubledash && return local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --pretty=*) __gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats " "" "${cur##--pretty=}" return ;; --format=*) __gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats " "" "${cur##--format=}" return ;; --*) __gitcomp "--pretty= --format= --abbrev-commit --oneline $__git_diff_common_options " return ;; esac __git_complete_file } _git_show_branch () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp " --all --remotes --topo-order --current --more= --list --independent --merge-base --no-name --color --no-color --sha1-name --sparse --topics --reflog " return ;; esac __git_complete_revlist } _git_stash () { local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" local save_opts='--keep-index --no-keep-index --quiet --patch' local subcommands='save list show apply clear drop pop create branch' local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")" if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp "$save_opts" ;; *) if [ -z "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$save_opts")" ]; then __gitcomp "$subcommands" else COMPREPLY=() fi ;; esac else case "$subcommand,$cur" in save,--*) __gitcomp "$save_opts" ;; apply,--*|pop,--*) __gitcomp "--index --quiet" ;; show,--*|drop,--*|branch,--*) COMPREPLY=() ;; show,*|apply,*|drop,*|pop,*|branch,*) __gitcomp "$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" stash list \ | sed -n -e 's/:.*//p')" ;; *) COMPREPLY=() ;; esac fi } _git_submodule () { __git_has_doubledash && return local subcommands="add status init update summary foreach sync" if [ -z "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")" ]; then local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp "--quiet --cached" ;; *) __gitcomp "$subcommands" ;; esac return fi } _git_svn () { local subcommands=" init fetch clone rebase dcommit log find-rev set-tree commit-diff info create-ignore propget proplist show-ignore show-externals branch tag blame migrate mkdirs reset gc " local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")" if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then __gitcomp "$subcommands" else local remote_opts="--username= --config-dir= --no-auth-cache" local fc_opts=" --follow-parent --authors-file= --repack= --no-metadata --use-svm-props --use-svnsync-props --log-window-size= --no-checkout --quiet --repack-flags --use-log-author --localtime --ignore-paths= $remote_opts " local init_opts=" --template= --shared= --trunk= --tags= --branches= --stdlayout --minimize-url --no-metadata --use-svm-props --use-svnsync-props --rewrite-root= --prefix= --use-log-author --add-author-from $remote_opts " local cmt_opts=" --edit --rmdir --find-copies-harder --copy-similarity= " local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" case "$subcommand,$cur" in fetch,--*) __gitcomp "--revision= --fetch-all $fc_opts" ;; clone,--*) __gitcomp "--revision= $fc_opts $init_opts" ;; init,--*) __gitcomp "$init_opts" ;; dcommit,--*) __gitcomp " --merge --strategy= --verbose --dry-run --fetch-all --no-rebase --commit-url --revision $cmt_opts $fc_opts " ;; set-tree,--*) __gitcomp "--stdin $cmt_opts $fc_opts" ;; create-ignore,--*|propget,--*|proplist,--*|show-ignore,--*|\ show-externals,--*|mkdirs,--*) __gitcomp "--revision=" ;; log,--*) __gitcomp " --limit= --revision= --verbose --incremental --oneline --show-commit --non-recursive --authors-file= --color " ;; rebase,--*) __gitcomp " --merge --verbose --strategy= --local --fetch-all --dry-run $fc_opts " ;; commit-diff,--*) __gitcomp "--message= --file= --revision= $cmt_opts" ;; info,--*) __gitcomp "--url" ;; branch,--*) __gitcomp "--dry-run --message --tag" ;; tag,--*) __gitcomp "--dry-run --message" ;; blame,--*) __gitcomp "--git-format" ;; migrate,--*) __gitcomp " --config-dir= --ignore-paths= --minimize --no-auth-cache --username= " ;; reset,--*) __gitcomp "--revision= --parent" ;; *) COMPREPLY=() ;; esac fi } _git_tag () { local i c=1 f=0 while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do i="${COMP_WORDS[c]}" case "$i" in -d|-v) __gitcomp "$(__git_tags)" return ;; -f) f=1 ;; esac c=$((++c)) done case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" in -m|-F) COMPREPLY=() ;; -*|tag) if [ $f = 1 ]; then __gitcomp "$(__git_tags)" else COMPREPLY=() fi ;; *) __gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" ;; esac } _git_whatchanged () { _git_log } _git () { local i c=1 command __git_dir while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do i="${COMP_WORDS[c]}" case "$i" in --git-dir=*) __git_dir="${i#--git-dir=}" ;; --bare) __git_dir="." ;; --version|-p|--paginate) ;; --help) command="help"; break ;; *) command="$i"; break ;; esac c=$((++c)) done if [ -z "$command" ]; then case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" in --*) __gitcomp " --paginate --no-pager --git-dir= --bare --version --exec-path --html-path --work-tree= --help " ;; *) __git_compute_porcelain_commands __gitcomp "$__git_porcelain_commands $(__git_aliases)" ;; esac return fi local completion_func="_git_${command//-/_}" declare -F $completion_func >/dev/null && $completion_func && return local expansion=$(__git_aliased_command "$command") if [ -n "$expansion" ]; then completion_func="_git_${expansion//-/_}" declare -F $completion_func >/dev/null && $completion_func fi } _gitk () { __git_has_doubledash && return local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" local g="$(__gitdir)" local merge="" if [ -f "$g/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then merge="--merge" fi case "$cur" in --*) __gitcomp " $__git_log_common_options $__git_log_gitk_options $merge " return ;; esac __git_complete_revlist } complete -o bashdefault -o default -o nospace -F _git git 2>/dev/null \ || complete -o default -o nospace -F _git git complete -o bashdefault -o default -o nospace -F _gitk gitk 2>/dev/null \ || complete -o default -o nospace -F _gitk gitk # The following are necessary only for Cygwin, and only are needed # when the user has tab-completed the executable name and consequently # included the '.exe' suffix. # if [ Cygwin = "$(uname -o 2>/dev/null)" ]; then complete -o bashdefault -o default -o nospace -F _git git.exe 2>/dev/null \ || complete -o default -o nospace -F _git git.exe fi

A professional vod review tool to sync up your team's comms to your league of legends replay

Copy, sync, replay or reflect changes across SVN repositories.

Guide on deploying multiple instances of a Laravel Fly app and integrating LiteFS and fly-replay to allow syncing SQLite database across the instances.

Automatic terminal session logging for Bash and Zsh. Captures every command, prompt, and output in real time, with per-session files, replay support, and optional cloud sync. Ideal for security exams, compliance, and forensic recordkeeping.

Replay Sync Utility for Starcraft 2 Casters

Bash scripts that deploys pre-compiled BitShares API node fully synced/replayed using Infrastructure from Official Worker (optional: /w nginx/websocket/ssl config)

No description available

A little tool to synch Starcraft II replay playback between networked computers

Replay a video with a can-bus logfile in sync.

Reliable sync worker demo (FastAPI + SQLAlchemy) with DB-backed jobs, leases, retries, DLQ, and replay.

A visual replay hack of the 2015 BBC Radio 1 Ibiza Prom, synced with the live tweets from the event.

Simulation-first onboard anomaly triage for delayed-ground deep-space operations. DSAT replays seeded faults, scores line-confidence, ranks likely cause classes, gates unsafe recovery actions, and preserves evidence for later ground review and delay-tolerant sync.

No description available

No description available

A tool to synchronize youtube replay (for audio) with Marvel Rivals in game replay to sync team comms

No description available

No description available

A Qgis plugin for replay a video in sync with a gps track. Developed for Università di Bologna and SAL Engineering.

Git-synced journal replay for prevayler-clj

j3+mcu data Collection Replay in sync time

event-sourced sync plane with replay, repair, snapshots, and live verification

Async script to sync up cs2kz replay files between hosts using s/ftp

Sailing race replay system demo | React + Three.js + Plotly | Global clock sync & playback controls